Gestión del riesgo de auditoría y esfuerzo del auditor en pequeñas y medianas firmas de auditoría
Audit Risk Management and Audit Effort in Small and Medium Audit Firms
Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las decisiones de planificación de la auditoría de las pequeñas y medianas firmas de auditoría españolas en relación a la evaluación del riesgo y el esfuerzo de auditoría. Las investigaciones previas se centran casi en exclusiva en las 4 firmas de auditoría grandes y poco se sabe sobre cómo las decisiones de planificación de la auditoría influyen en el riesgo de auditoría en las firmas más pequeñas, una parte muy significativa de la profesión auditora. Por lo tanto, es importante examinar los juicios de planificación en firmas de auditoría pequeñas y medianas y el vínculo entre las evaluaciones de riesgo de planificación y el grado de esfuerzo realizado para lograr un nivel aceptable de riesgo de auditoría. Usando datos derivados de bases de datos disponibles públicamente y datos obtenidos a través de encuestas, este estudio investiga los factores que explican la evaluación del riesgo de error material del cliente y si el esfuerzo aplicado en el desempeño del trabajo de auditoría responde efectivamente a ese riesgo. Encontramos una relación estadística significativa entre el riesgo de auditoría y el esfuerzo de auditoría, lo que proporciona evidencia empírica de que los auditores modifican el alcance del esfuerzo de auditoría en función del riesgo de auditoría percibido y pone en debate el trabajo de las pequeñas empresas. El análisis adicional muestra que el esfuerzo de la auditoría, medido a través de las horas, está significativamente influenciado por la antigüedad del encargo y el momento del trabajo de auditoría (es decir, la temporada alta de auditoría). Sin embargo, los trabajos de auditoría con una antigüedad más larga no ajustan su esfuerzo de auditoría en respuesta a una baja integridad de la administración o controles internos débiles, lo que sugiere familiaridad, esto es, los auditores pueden no ser tan escépticos con respecto a los incentivos de la administración. Este articulo contribuye al debate sobre la calidad de la auditoría y si el tamaño de las firmas de auditoría sirve como una característica observable asociada con una mayor calidad de la auditoría.
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