Taxes as determinants of corporate investment: Empirical evidence in Spanish private firms
Los impuestos como determinantes de la inversión empresarial. Evidencia empírica en empresas españolas que no cotizan en bolsa
Abstract
This paper analyzes whether business companies investment decisions are affected by the desire to alleviate future tax payments measured in terms of the net deferred taxes recognized in the balance sheet, besides other explanatory factors documented by previous literature. Our empirical analysis yielded robust results which demonstrate that future tax payments represent an additional incentive for undertaking investments. However, our findings also reveal that, to some extent, tax-based incentives may explain overinvestment, even though the statistical significance of those parameters is only moderate.
Downloads
-
Abstract1575
-
PDF (Español (España))301
References
Amir et al., 2001: The aggregation and valuation of deferred taxes Review of Accounting Studies, 6 (2001), pp. 275-297
Armstrong et al., 2015: Governance, incentives and tax avoidance Journal of Accounting and Economics, 60 (2015), pp. 1-17
Atwood et al., 2012: Home country tax system characteristics and corporate tax avoidance: International evidence Accounting Review, 87 (2012), pp. 1831-1860
Badertscher et al., 2013: The separation of ownership and control and corporate tax avoidance Journal of Accounting and Economics, 56 (2013), pp. 228-250
Baker, 2000: Baker, M. (2000). Career concerns, and staged investment. Documento de trabajo, Harvard University.
Baumol, 1959: Business behavior, value, and growth MacMillan, (1959)
Bertrand y Mullainathan, 2003: Enjoying the quiet life? Corporate governance and managerial preferences Journal of Political Economy, 111 (2003), pp. 1043-1075
Biddle y Hilary, 2006: Accounting quality and firm-level capital investment The Accounting Review, 81 (2006), pp. 963-982
Biddle et al., 2009: How does financial reporting quality relate to investment efficiency? Journal of Accounting and Economics, 48 (2009), pp. 112-131
Blanchard et al., 1994: What do firms do with cash windfalls? Journal of Financial Economics, 36 (1994), pp. 337-360
Blouin et al., 2012: Blouin, J.L., Devereux, M. y Shackelford, D.A. (2012). Investment, tax uncertainty, and aggressive tax avoidance. Documento de trabajo, Oxford University.
Brav et al., 2005: Payout policy in the 21st century Journal of Financial Economics, 77 (2005), pp. 483-527
Chen et al., 2010: Are family firms more tax aggressive than non-family firms? Journal of Financial Economics, 95 (2010), pp. 41-61
Cloyd et al., 1996: The use of financial accounting choice to support aggressive tax positions: Public and private firms Journal of Accounting Research, 34 (1996), pp. 23-43
Cohen y Zarowin, 2010: Accrual-based and real earnings management activities around seasoned equity offerings Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50 (2010), pp. 2-19
Cooper y Priestley, 2016: The expected returns and valuations of private and public firms Journal of Financial Economics, 120 (2016), pp. 41-57
DeFond y Jiambalvo, 1994: Debt covenant violation and manipulation of accruals Journal of Accounting and Economics, 17 (1994), pp. 145-176
Desai y Goolsbee, 2004: Investment, overhang, and tax policy Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, (2004), pp. 285-355
Desai y Dharmapala, 2006: Corporate tax avoidance and high powered incentives Journal of Financial Economics, 79 (2006), pp. 145-179
Di Meo, 2014: Overinvestment, subsequent earnings management, and CEO tenure Revista Española de Financiación y Contabilidad, 43 (2014), pp. 217-240
Edgerton, 2012: Edgerton, J. (2012). Investment, accounting, and the salience of the corporate income tax. Documento de trabajo 12/30, Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation.
Fazzari et al., 1988: Investment and finance reconsidered Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1 (1988), pp. 141-195
Fernández Rodríguez, 2004: Fernández Rodríguez, E. (2004). La imposición efectiva de las sociedades españolas desde la óptica contable y fiscal. Documento de trabajo 08/04, Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, Madrid.
Fernández Rodríguez et al., 2003: La imposición marginal efectiva contable y fiscal como instrumento de adopción de decisiones empresariales Anales de economía aplicada 2003, Asociación Española de Economía Aplicada, ASEPELT, (2003)
Frank et al., 2009: Tax reporting aggressiveness and its relation to aggressive financial reporting Accounting Review, 84 (2009), pp. 467-496
García Lara et al., 2016: Accounting conservatism and investment efficiency Journal of Accounting and Economics, 61 (2016), pp. 221-238
Gow et al., 2010: Correcting for cross-sectional and time-series dependence in accounting research The Accounting Review, 85 (2010), pp. 483-512
Graham, 2006a: A review of taxes and corporate finance Foundations and Trends in Finance, 1 (2006), pp. 573-671
Graham, 2006b: Debt and the marginal tax rate Journal of Financial Economics, 41 (2006), pp. 41-74
Graham et al., 2014: Incentives for tax planning and avoidance: Evidence from the field Accounting Review, 89 (2014), pp. 991-1023
Graham et al., 2005: The economic implications of corporate financial reporting Journal of Accounting and Economics, 40 (2005), pp. 3-73
Graham et al., 1998: Debt, leases, taxes, and the endogeneity of corporate tax status Journal of Finance, 53 (1998), pp. 131-162
Guenther y Sansing, 2000: Valuation of the firm in the presence of temporary book-tax differences: The role of deferred tax assets and liabilities Accounting Review, 75 (2000), pp. 1-12
Guenther y Sansing, 2004: The valuation relevance of reversing deferred tax liabilities Accounting Review, 79 (2004), pp. 437-451
Hall y Jorgenson, 1967: Tax policy and investment behavior The American Economic Review, 57 (1967), pp. 391-414
Hanlon y Heitzman, 2010: A review of tax research Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50 (2010), pp. 127-178
Harford, 1999: Corporate cash reserves and acquisitions Journal of Finance, 54 (1999), pp. 1969-1997
Heaton, 2002: Managerial optimism and corporate finance Financial Management, 31 (2002), pp. 33-45
Hope et al., 2013: Tax avoidance and geographic earnings disclosure Journal of Accounting and Economics, 56 (2013), pp. 170-189
Hubbard, 1998: Capital-market imperfections and investment Journal of Economic Literature, 36 (1998), pp. 193-225
Inger, 2014: Relative valuation of alternative methods of tax avoidance Journal of the American Taxation Association, 36 (2014), pp. 27-55
Jensen, 1986: Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers American Economic Review, 76 (1986), pp. 323-329
Jorgenson, 1963: Capital theory investment behavior American Economic Review, 53 (1963), pp. 247-259
Kothari et al., 2005: Performance matched discretionary accrual measures Journal of Accounting and Economics, 39 (2005), pp. 163-197
Kothari et al., 2016: Managing for the moment: The role of earnings management via real activities versus accruals in SEO valuation Accounting Review, 91 (2016), pp. 559-586
Laux, 2013: The association between deferred tax assets and liabilities and future tax payments Accounting Review, 88 (2013), pp. 1357-1383
Lintner, 1956: Distribution of incomes of corporations among dividends, retained earnings, and taxes American Economic Review, 46 (1956), pp. 97-113
Lisowsky, 2010: Seeking shelter: Empirically modeling tax shelters using financial statement information Accounting Review, 85 (2010), pp. 1693-1720
Mackie-Mason, 1990: Do taxes affect corporate financing decisions? Journal of Finance, 45 (1990), pp. 1471-1493
Manzon y Plesko, 2002: The relation between financial and tax reporting measures of income Tax Law Review, 55 (2002), pp. 175-214
McNichols y Stubben, 2008: Does earnings management affect firms’ investment decisions? The Accounting Review, 83 (2008), pp. 1571-1603
Mills y Newberry, 2001: The influence of tax and nontax costs on book-tax reporting differences: Public and private firms Journal of American Taxation Association, 23 (2001), pp. 1-19
Monterrey y Sánchez, 2009: ¿Cómo afectan los impuestos a la calidad del resultado? Evidencia empírica en las empresas españolas no cotizadas Revista de Contabilidad, 12 (2009), pp. 117-140
Myers, 1977: Determinants of corporate borrowing Journal of Financial Economics, 5 (1977), pp. 147-175
Penno y Simon, 1986: Accounting choices: Public versus private firms Journal of Business, Finance & Accounting, 13 (1986), pp. 561-569 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12325-017-0567-y
Petersen, 2009: Estimating standard errors in finance panel data sets: Comparing approaches Review of Financial Studies, 22 (2009), pp. 435-480
Poterba et al., 2011: Deferred tax positions and incentives for corporate behavior around corporate tax changes National Tax Journal, 64 (2011), pp. 27-58
Rego y Wilson, 2012: Equity risk incentives and corporate tax aggressiveness Journal of Accounting Research, 50 (2012), pp. 775-810
Richardson, 2006: Over-investment of free cash flow Review of Accounting Studies, 11 (2006), pp. 159-189
Richardson et al., 2014: Corporate tax aggressiveness, outside directors, and debt policy: An empirical analysis Journal of Corporate Finance, 25 (2014), pp. 107-121
Roychowdhury, 2006: Earnings management through real activities manipulation Journal of Accounting and Economics, 42 (2006), pp. 335-370
Sansing, 1998: Valuing the deferred tax liability Journal of Accounting Research, 36 (1998), pp. 357-363
Scholes et al., 2014: Taxes and business strategy: A planning approach 5th ed., Prentice Hall, (2014)
Shackelford y Shevlin, 2001: Empirical tax research in accounting Journal of Accounting and Economics, 31 (2001), pp. 321-387
Shackelford et al., 2011: Financial reporting, tax, and real decisions: Toward a unifying framework International Tax and Public Finance, 18 (2011), pp. 61-494
Shroff, 2014: Shroff, N. (2014). Corporate investment and changes in GAAP. Documento de trabajo, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Slemrod, 1992: Do taxes matter? Evidence from the 1980s American Economic Review, 82 (1992), pp. 250-256
Stiglitz, 1985: The general theory of tax avoidance National Tax Journal, 38 (1985), pp. 325-337
Stulz, 1990: Managerial discretion and optimal financing policies Journal of Financial Economics, 26 (1990), pp. 3-27
Summers, 1981: Taxation and corporate investment: A q-theory approach Brooking Papers on Economic Activity, 12 (1981), pp. 67-140
Tobin, 1969: A general equilibrium approach to monetary theory Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 1 (1969), pp. 15-29
Verdi, 2006: Verdi, R.S. (2006). Financial reporting quality and investment efficiency. Documento de trabajo, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Williamson, 1974: Economics of discretionary behavior: Managerial objectives in a theory of the firm Kershaw Publishing, (1974)
Wilson, 2009: An examination of corporate tax shelter participants Accounting Review, 84 (2009), pp. 969-999
Zang, 2012: Evidence on the trade-off between real manipulation and accrual manipulation Accounting Review, 87 (2012), pp. 675-703
The publications in this journal are subject to the following terms:
1. Ediciones de la Universidad de Murcia (EDITUM) and ASEPUC conserve the patrimonial rights (copyright) of the published manuscripts, and favour and allow their reuse under the licence of use indicated in point 2.
2. The manuscripts are published in the electronic edition of the journal under an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. It allows to copy, distribute and include the article in a collective work (for example, an anthology), as long as there is no commercial purpose, the article is not altered or modified and the original work is properly cited. This journal is free of charge for the Open Access publication. ASEPUC and EDITUM finance the productiona and publication costs of the manuscripts.
3. Conditions for self-archiving. Authors are permitted and encouraged to electronically disseminate the published version of their works, as it favors their circulation and dissemination and thus a possible increase in their citation and reach among the academic community.

