El papel del interés social y la empatía en los comportamientos de ayuda durante las inundaciones

Autores/as

  • Nasrollah Mazraeh Noor University, Susangerd
  • Siamak Khodarahimi Eghlid Branch-Islamic Azad University
  • Maeda Hesam Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani Non Profit University
  • Ali Rasti Rasti Psychological Clinic, Line 16, Besat Blv., Shiraz, Iran
  • Sahar Mirghobad Khodarahmi New Yarestan Counseling and Psychological Services Center
  • Najme Aganj Estahban Branch, Islamic Azad University
  • Sonay Sheikhi Kharazmi University, No.43.South Mofatteh Ave
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.515131
Palabras clave: Interés social, Empatía, Ayudar, Desastre natural, Inundación

Resumen

Este estudio examina el papel del interés social y la empatía en ayudar y no ayudar a los adultos durante las inundaciones. Los participantes se dividieron en dos grupos con comportamientos de ayuda (N = 90) y sin comportamientos de ayuda (N = 90) durante las inundaciones de seis ciudades, provincia de Juzestán, Irán. En este estudio se utilizaron un cuestionario demográfico, la Escala de Interés Social (SIS) y el Cuestionario de Medida de Tendencia Empática (QMET). El análisis mostró que las personas en el grupo de ayuda tenían mayor interés social y empatía que las del grupo de control. Este estudio describe cómo, en resumen, el interés social y la empatía contribuirían a ayudar a las personas afectadas por las inundaciones a salvar sus vidas y sus propiedades. Estos hallazgos se pueden combinar con los programas de ayuda de emergencia en desastres naturales y se convertirán en información pública.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Adler, A. (1927). Understanding human nature. Greenberg.

Archer, R. L., Diaz-Loving, R., Gollwitzer, P. M., Davis, M. H., & Foushee, H. C. (1981). The role of dispositional empathy and social evaluation in the empathic mediation of helping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40(4), 786–796. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.40.4.786

Banfield, J. C., & Dovidio, J. F. (2012). The role of empathy in responding to natural disasters: Comment on "Who helps natural disaster victims? Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy (ASAP), 12(1), 276–279. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-2415.2012.01285.x

Batson, C. D. (2010). Empathy-induced altruistic motivation. In M. Mikulincer & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Prosocial motives, emotions, and behavior: The better angels of our nature (pp. 15–34). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12061-001

Batson, C. D. (1991). The altruism question: Toward a social psychological answer. Lawrence Erlbaum.

Batson, C. D. (1998). Altruism and prosocial behaviour. In T. Gillert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4th ed., pp. 282–316). Oxford University Press.

Batson, C. D. (1987). Prosocial motivation: Is it ever truly altruistic? In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, vol. 20 (pp. 65–122). Academic.

Batson, C.D., Fultz, J., & Schoenrade, P.A. (1987), Distress and empathy: Two qualitatively distinct vicarious emotions with different motivational consequences. Journal of Personality, 55: 19-39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1987.tb00426.x

Becker, J., Taylor, H. L., Doody, B., Wright, K., Gruntfest, E., & Webber, D. (2015). A review of people's behavior in and around Floodwater. Weather, Climate, and Society, 7(4), 321-332. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24907472

Bei, B., Bryant, C., Gilson, K. M., Koh, J., Gibson, P., Komiti, A., Jackson, H., & Judd, F. (2013). A prospective study of the impact of floods on the mental and physical health of older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 17(8), 992–1002. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.799119

Crandall, J. E. (1975). A scale of Social Interest. Journal of Individual Psychology, 31(2), 187-195.

Davis, M. H. (1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAJ, Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 10(4), 85.

Decety, J. (2015). The neural pathways, development and functions of empathy. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 3, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2014.12.001

Decety, J., Bartal, I. B., Uzefovsky, F., & Knafo-Noam, A. (2016). Empathy as a driver of prosocial behaviour: highly conserved neurobehavioural mechanisms across species. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 371(1686), 20150077. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0077

Ding, W., Shao, Y., Sun, B., Xie, R., Li, W., & Wang, X. (2018). How can prosocial behavior be motivated? The different roles of moral judgment, moral elevation, and moral identity among the young Chinese. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 814. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00814

Eisenberg, N., & Sadovsky, A. (2004). Prosocial Behavior, Development of. In C. D. Spielberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology (pp. 137-141). Elsevier.

Greenson, R. R. (1960). Empathy and its vicissitudes. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 41, 418–424.

Jennifer, J., Argo, R.Z., &Darren, W.D. (2008). Fact or fiction: An investigation of empathy differences in response to emotional melodramatic entertainment. Journal of Consumer Research, 34(5), 614–623, https://doi.org/10.1086/521907

Lamond, J. E., Joseph, R. D., & Proverbs, D. G. (2015). An exploration of factors affecting the long term psychological impact and deterioration of mental health in flooded households. Environmental Research, 140, 325–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2015.04.008

Lawton, R. N., Gramatki, I., Watt, W., & Fujiwara, D. (2020). Does volunteering make us happier, or are happier people more likely to volunteer? Addressing the problem of reverse causality when estimating the well-being impacts of volunteering. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22, 1– 26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-020-00242-8

Lauri, M. A., & Calleja, S. S. (2019). Prosocial behaviour and psychological wellbeing. In S. Vella, R.Falzon and A.azzopardi (Eds.). Perspectives on wellbeing (pp. 46-62). Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004394179_005

Li, X., & Xie, X. (2017). The helping behavior helps lighten physical burden. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 39(4), 183-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2017.1320762

Mehrabian, A., & Epstein, N. (1972). A measure of emotional empathy. Journal of Personality, 40(4), 525–543. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1972.tb00078.x

Mehrabian, A. (1997). Relations among personality scales of aggression, violence, and empathy: Validational evidence bearing on the Risk of Eruptive Violence Scale. Aggressive Behavior, 23(6), 433–445. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(1997)23:6<433::AID-AB3>3.0.CO;2-H

Mehrabian A. (2000). Beyond IQ: broad-based measurement of individual success potential or "emotional intelligence". Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 126(2), 133–239.

Nasir, R., Zainah, A., & Khairudin, R. (2012). Psychological effects on victims of the Johor Flood 2006/2007. Asian Social Science, 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v8n8p126

Oarga, C., Stavrova, O., & Fetchenhauer, D. (2015). When and why is helping others good for well-being? The role of belief in reciprocity and conformity to society's expectations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 45(2), 242-254. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2092

Paranjothy, S., Gallacher, J., Amlôt, R., Rubin, G. J., Page, L., Baxter, T., Wight, J., Kirrage, D., McNaught, R., & Palmer, S. R. (2011). Psychosocial impact of the summer 2007 floods in England. BMC Public Health, 11, 145. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-145

Patrick, R. B., Bodine, A. J., Gibbs, J. C., & Basinger, K. S. (2018). What accounts for prosocial behavior? Roles of moral identity, moral judgment, and self-efficacy beliefs. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 179(5), 231–245. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2018.1491472

Riggio, R. E., Tucker, J., & Coffaro, D. (1989). Social skills and empathy. Personality and Individual Differences, 10(1), 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(89)90184-0

Rini, C., Austin, J., Wu, L. M., Winkel, G., Valdimarsdottir, H., Stanton, A. L., Isola, L., Rowley, S., & Redd, W. H. (2014). Harnessing benefits of helping others: a randomized controlled trial testing expressive helping to address survivorship problems after hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Health Psychology: Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 33(12), 1541–1551. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000024

Rogers, J. D., Clow, K.E. & Kash, T.J. (1994). Increasing job satisfaction of service personnel. Journal of Services Marketing, 8 (1), 14-21.

Schwartz, C. E., Keyl, P. M., Marcum, J. P., & Bode, R. (2009). Helping others shows differential benefits on health and well-being for male and female teens. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10(4), 431-448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-008-9098-1

Schwartz, C., Meisenhelder, J. B., Ma, Y., & Reed, G. (2003). Altruistic social interest behaviors are associated with better mental health. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65(5), 778–785. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000079378.39062.d4

Stotland, E. (1969). Exploratory Investigations of Empathy11The preparation of this article and all of the initially reported studies were supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 271-314). Academic Press.

Strelau, J. (2010). Temperament as a regulator of behavior: After fifty years of research. Eliot Werner Publications.

Stukas, A. A., Snyder, M., & Clary, E. G. (2016). Understanding and encouraging volunteerism and community involvement. The Journal of Social Psychology, 156(3), 243–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2016.1153328

Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1994). Measuring social interest. Individual Psychology: The Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research, & Practice, 50(1), 69-96.

Wilhelm, M. O., & Bekkers, R. (2010). Helping behavior, dispositional empathic concern, and the principle of care. Social Psychology Quarterly, 73(1), 11–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/0190272510361435

Yeung, J., Zhang, Z., & Kim, T. Y. (2017). Volunteering and health benefits in general adults: cumulative effects and forms. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4561-8

Publicado
01-01-2023
Cómo citar
Mazraeh , N. ., Khodarahimi, S., Hesam, M., Rasti, A., Mirghobad Khodarahmi, S., Aganj, N., & Sheikhi, S. (2023). El papel del interés social y la empatía en los comportamientos de ayuda durante las inundaciones. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 39(1), 119–126. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.515131
Número
Sección
Psicología social