Dispositional risk-taking in sexual activity in adolescents: the role of internal models of attachment, attachment relationships with parents and peers and difficulties in emotional regulation.
Supporting Agencies
- Gobierno Vasco
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between risk-taking in sexual relationships and affective-emotional variables such as attachment to mother, father, peers, attachment styles and difficulties in emotional regulation capacity in adolescence. 1911 adolescent students of both sexes between 15 and 20 years of age participated. Results indicate that attachment security is inversely related to risk-taking in sexual relationships. Less risk-taking is associated with attachment to mother and peers in sexually inactive adolescents while in the sexually active with the capacity for emotional regulation. Differences were found in gender and attachment categories and among sexually active and inactive adolescents.
Downloads
References
Allen, J. P., McElhaney, K., Land, D. J., Kuperminc, G. P., Moore, C. W., O'Beirne-Kelly, H. y Kilmer, S. L. (2003). A secure base in adolescence: Markers of attachment security in the mother-adolescent relationship. Child Development, 74(1), 292-307. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.t01-1-00536
Armsden, G. C. y Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment: Relationships to well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454. doi:10.1007/BF02202939
Bartholomew, K. y Horowitz, L. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four- category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226-245. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and Loss:Vol.1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books.
Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and Loss:Vol2. Separation. New York: Basic Books.
Broderick, P.C. y Jennigs, P.A. (2012) Mindfulness for adolescents: a promising approach to supporting emotion regulation and preventing risky behavior. New Directions in Youth Development, 136 (pp. 111-126). 11. doi: 10.1002/yd.20042.
Brown, L.K., Houck, C., Lescano, C., Donenberg, G., Tolou, Shams, M. y Mello, J. (1012).Affect regulation and HIV risk among youth in therapeutic schools. AIDS Behavior, 16, 8, (pp.2272-2278). doi: 10.1007/s10461-012-0220-3
Calkins, S.D. y Hill, A. (2007). Caregiver influences on emerging emotion regulation: Biological and environmental transactions in early development. In J.J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 229-248). New York: Guilford Press.
Cassidy, J., Kirsh, S. J., Scolton, K. L. y Parke, R. D. (1996). Attachment and representations of peer relationships. Developmental Psychology, 32, 892-904. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.32.5.892
Chein, J., Albert, D., O’Brien, L., Uckert, K. y Steinberg, L. (2011). Peers increase adolescent risk taking by enhancing activity in the brain’s reward circuitry. Developmental Science, 14(2), 1-10.
Cooper, M. L., Shaver, P.R. y Collins, N.L. (1998). Attachment styles, emotions regulation, and adjustment in adolescence. Jornal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1380-1397. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.74.5.1380
Cooper, M.L., Wood P. K., Orcutt, H. K. y Albino A.(2003). Personality and the predisposition to engage in risky or problem behaviors during adolescence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 84(2):390-410. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.84.2.390
Davis, D., Shaver, P. R. y Vernon, M. L. (2004). Attachment Style and Subjective Motivations for Sex. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(8), 1076-1090. doi: 10.1177/0146167204264794
Delgado, I., Oliva, A. y Sánchez-Queija, I. (2011). Apego a los iguales durante la adolescencia y la adultez emergente. Anales de Psicología, 27(1), 155-163.
Feeney, B.C, Noller, P. y Harahan, M. (1994). Assessing adult attachment: Developments in the conceptualization of security and insecurity. In M. B. Sperling y W. H. Berman (Eds.), Attachment in adults: Theory, assesment and treatment. New York: Guilford.
Feeney, J. A., Peterson, C., Gallois, C. y Terry, D. J. (2000). Attachment style as a predictor of sexual attitudes and behavior in late adolescence. Psychology and Health, 14(6), 1105-1122. doi: 10.1080/08870440008407370
Fuertes, A., Martínez, J. L. y Hernández, A. (2001). Relaciones de amistad y competencia en las relaciones con los iguales en la adolescencia. Revista de Psicología General y Aplicada, 54, 531-546.
Gómez-Zapiain, J. (2005). Apego y comportamiento sexual en la adolescencia, en relación con la disposición a asumir riesgos asociados a la experiencia erótica. Infancia y aprendizaje, 28(3), 293-308. doi: 10.1174 /0210370054740250
Gratz, K.L. y Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41-54. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000144694.30121.89
Hazan, C. y Zeifman, D. (1994). Sex and the psychological tether. En K. Bartholomew y D. Perlman (Eds.), Attachment processes in adulthood. Advances in personal relationships. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, Ltd.
Hessler, D.M. (2008). Family stressors, emotional competence, and adolescent risky behavior. Dissertation. UMI Dissertations Publishing: Washington.
Hessler, D. M. y Katz, L. F. (2010). Brief report: Associations between emotional competence and adolescent risky behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 33(1), 241-246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.04.007
Houck, C.D., Barker, D., Rizzo, C., Hancock, E., Norton, A. y Brown, L.K. (2014). Sexting and sexual behavior in at-risk adolescents. Pediatrics, 133, 2, (pp.1-7) doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-1157
Insel, T. y Fernald, R. (2004). How the brain processes social information: Searching for the social brain. Annual Review of Neurosciencie, 27, 697-722. doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144148
Instituto Vasco de Estadística, EUSTAT (2013). Alumnado matriculado en la Comunidad Autónoma de Euskadi por titularidad, nivel, territorio histórico y sexo 2011/12. Vitoria-Gazteiz: Recuperado de http://www.eustat.es/elementos/ele0000000/
Johnson, S. B., Sudhinaraset, M. y Wm. Blum, R. (2010). Neuromaturation and adolescent risk taking: Why development is not determinism. Journal of Adolescent Research, 25(1), 4-23. doi: 10.1177/0743558409353339
Jones, M. C. y Furman, W. (2011). Representations of romantic relationships, romantic experience, and sexual behavior in adolescence. Personal Relationships, 18(1), 144-164. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01291.x
Kershaw, T. S., Milan, S., Westdahl, C., Lewis, J., Rising, S. S., Fletcher, R. y Ickovics, J. (2007). Avoidance, anxiety, and sex: The influence of romantic attachment on HIV-risk among pregnant women. AIDS and Behavior, 11(2), 299-311. doi: 10.1007/s10461-006-9153-z
Kobak, R. R. y Sceery, A. (1988). Attachment in late adolescence: working models, affect regulation, and representations of self and others. Child Development, 59, 135-146. doi: 10.2307/1130395
Laurent, J., Catanzaro, S.J. y Callan, M., (1997). Stress, alcohol-related expectancies and coping preferences: A replication of Cooper et al. (1992) with adolescents. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 58, 644-651.
Leijenhorst, L. V. y Crone, E. A. (2010). Paradoxes in adolescent risk taking. In P. D. Zelazo, M. Chandler y E. Crone (Eds.), Developmental social cognitive neuroscience. (pp. 209-225). New York, NY US: Psychology Press.
Letcher, A. y Slesnick, N. (2013). Early relationships of adolescents: Evaluation and observation of romantic attachment and risk behavior. Journal of Social and Personal Reltionships(3), 1-18. doi: 10.1177/0265407513496368
López, F. (2006). Apego: estabilidad y cambio a lo largo del ciclo vital. Infancia y Aprendizaje, 29, 9-23. doi: 10.1174/021037006775380830
Magar, E. C. E., Phillips, L. H. y Hosie, J. A. (2008). Self-regulation and risk-taking. Personality and Individual Differences, 45,153–159. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.03.014
Markham, C. M., Lormand, D., Gloppen, K. M., Peskin, M. F., Flores, B., Low, B. y House, L.D. (2010). Connectedness as a Predictor of Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes for Youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(3), S23-S41. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.11.214
McElhaney, K. B., Allen, J. P., Stepheson, C. y Hare, A. L. (2009). Attachment and autonomy during adolescence. In R. Lerner y L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of Adolescent Psychology (3rd. Edition). Volume I: Individual bases of adolescent development (pp. 358-403). Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. doi:10.1002/9780470479193.adlpsy001012
Moore, C. W. (1997). Models of attachment, relationships with parents, and sexual behavior in at-risk adolescents. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 58(6-B), 3322.
Neumann, A., van Lier, P.A., Gratz, K.L. y Koot, H.M. (2010). Multidimensional Assessment of Emotion Regulation Difficulties in Adolescents Using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Escale. Assesment, 17, 138-149. doi:10.1177/1073191109349579
O'Beirne, H. A. (1999). Individual, peer and family predictors of adolescent sexual experiences: A longitudinal study. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 59(7-B), 3706.
Oliva, A. (2007). Desarrollo cerebral y asunción de riesgos durante la adolescencia. Apuntes de Psicología, 25(3), 239-254.
Paulk, A. y Zayac, R. (2013). Attachment style as a predictor of risky sexual behavior in adolescents. Journal of Social Sciences, 9(2), 42-47. doi:10.3844/jssp.2013.42.47
Raffaelli, M. y Crockett, L. J. (2003). Sexual Risk Taking in Adolescence: The Role of Self-Regulation and Attraction to Risk. Developmental Psychology, 39(6), 1036-1046. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.39.6.1036
Rosenthal, N.L. y Kobak, R. (2010). Assessing adolescents' attachment hierarchies: Differences across developmental periods and associations with individual adaptation. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 20(3), 678-706. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00655.x
Schachner, D. A. y Shaver, P. R. (2004). Attachment dimensions and sexual motives. Personal Relationships, 11(2), 179-195. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2004.00077.x
Schofield, M. (1977). The sexual behaviour of young adults. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
Silk, J.S., Steinberg, L. y Morris, A.S. (2003). Adolescents´ emotion regulation in daily life: links to depressive symptoms and problem behavior. Child Development, 74 (6), 1869-1880.
Steinberg, L. (2008). A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking. Developmental Review, 28(1), 78-106. doi:10.1016/j.dr.2007 .08.002
Thompson, R.A. y Meyer, S. (2007). Socialization of emotion regulation in the family. En J.J. Gross (Ed.), Hadbook of emotion regulation (pp. 249-268). New York: Guilford Press.
Tracy, J. L., Shaver, P. R., Albino, A. W. y Cooper, M. L. (2003). Attachment styles and adolescent sexuality. In P. Florsheim (Ed.), Adolescent romantic relations and sexual behavior: Theory, research, and practical implications (pp. 137-159). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
The works published in this journal are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publications Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) retains the property rights (copyright) of published works, and encourages and enables the reuse of the same under the license specified in paragraph 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2022
2. The works are published in the online edition of the journal under a Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 (legal text). You can copy, use, distribute, transmit and publicly display, provided that: i) you cite the author and the original source of publication (journal, editorial and URL of the work), ii) are not used for commercial purposes, iii ) mentions the existence and specifications of this license.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
3. Conditions of self-archiving. Is allowed and encouraged the authors to disseminate electronically pre-print versions (version before being evaluated and sent to the journal) and / or post-print (version reviewed and accepted for publication) of their works before publication, as it encourages its earliest circulation and diffusion and thus a possible increase in its citation and scope between the academic community. RoMEO Color: Green.