Rating mean of expert judges and asymmetric confidence intervals in content validity: An SPSS syntax

Authors

  • César Ayax Merino-Soto Instituto de Investigación en Psicología, Universidad de San Martín de Porres (Perú)
  • José Livia-Segovia Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal (Perú) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4934-2605
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.489431
Keywords: Content validity, Software, Subject matter experts, Statistics, Validity

Abstract

The estimation of content validity, obtained by rational analysis of expert judges, is usually done with coefficients that standardize between 0.0 and 1.0 the judges' judgment. However, this estimate can also be expressed in the metric of the judges' responses, in the form of the response mean, and with asymmetric confidence intervals around this mean. The aim of the present manuscript is to implement a procedure for these estimates (response mean and asymmetric confidence intervals) in a program written in SPSS syntax. The rationale of the procedure is explained, and an applied example of the calculation is developed. The program is freely distributed upon request to the authors.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aiken, L. R. (1980). Content validity and reliability of single items or questionnaires. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 40(4), 955-959. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316448004000419

Bonett, D. G., & Price, R. M. (2020). Confidence intervals for ratios of means and medians. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 20(10), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3102/1076998620934125

Elosua, P. (2009). ¿Existe vida más allá del SPSS? Descubre R. Psicothema, 21(4), 652-655.

Escrig, J., Miralles, J. M., Martinez, D., & Rivadulla, I. (2007). Intervalos de confianza: por qué usarlos. Cirugía Española, 81(3), 121-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-739X(07)71281-2

Duricki, D. A., Soleman, S., & Moon, L. D. (2016). Analysis of longitudinal data from animals with missing values using SPSS. Nature protocols, 11(6), 1112–1129. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2016.048

Gogoi, P. (2020). Application of SPSS programme in the field of social science research. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(5), 2424-2426. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.D9260.018520

Haine, D. (2019). Popularity of statistical softwares in epidemiology. Available in: https://www.denishaine.ca/blog/popepi-rmd/

Hernandez-Nieto, R. A. (2002), Contributions to Statistical Analysis. Merida, Venezuela: Universidad de Los Andes.

Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology, 28, 563-575. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x

Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35(6), 382-385. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017

Masuadi, E., Mohamud, M., Almutairi, M., Alsunaidi, A., Alswayed, A. K., & Aldhafeeri, O. F. (2021). Trends in the usage of statistical software and their associated study designs in health sciences research: A bibliometric analysis. Cureus, 13(1), e12639. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12639

Merino-Soto, C. (2018). Confidence interval for difference between coefficients of content validity (Aiken's V): a SPSS syntax. Anales de Psicología, 34(3), 587-590. https://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.34.3.283481

Merino-Soto, C., & Livia-Segovia, J. (2009). Intervalos de confianza asimétricos para el índice la validez de contenido: Un programa Visual Basic para la V de Aiken [Asymmetric confidence intervals for index content validity: A Visual Basic program for Aiken's V]. Anales de Psicología, 25(1),169-171.

Miller, J. M., & Penfield, R. D. (2005). Using the score method to construct asymmetric confidence intervals: An SAS program for content validation in scale development. Behavior Research Methods, 37, 450-452. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03192713

Moscoso, M. S., & Merino-Soto, C. (2017). Construcción y validez de contenido del Inventario de Mindfulness y Ecuanimidad: una perspectiva iberoamericana [Construction and content validity of the Mindfulness and Equanimity Inventory: an Ibero-American perspective]. Mindfulness & Compassion, 2(1), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mincom.2017.01.001

Muenchen, R. A. (2017). The popularity of data science software. Acceso: 22/04/2021. Available in: http://r4stats.com/articles/popularity/

Osterlind, S. J. (1992). Constructing test items: multiple-choice, constructed-response, performance, and other formats. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Pedrosa, I., Suárez-Álvarez, J., & García-Cueto, E. (2013). Evidencias sobre la validez de contenido: avances teóricos y métodos para su estimación. Acción Psicológica, 10(2), 3-18.

Penfield, R. D. (2003). A score method of constructing asymmetric confidence intervals for the mean of a rating scale item. Psychological methods, 8(2), 149–163. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989x.8.2.149

Penfield, R. D., & Miller, J. M. (2004). Improving content validation studies using an asymmetric confidence interval for the mean of expert ratings. Applied Measurement in Education, 17, 359-370. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15324818ame1704_2

Penfield, R. D., & Giacobbi, P. R. (2004). Applying a score confidence interval to Aiken's item content-relevance index. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 8, 213-225. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327841mpee0804_

Rivadeneira Pacheco, J. L., Barrera Argüello, M. V., & De La Hoz Suárez, A. I. (2020). Análisis general del SPSS y su utilidad en la estadística [General analysis of SPSS and its usefulness in statistics]. Journal of Business Sciences, 2(4), 17-25. https://revista.estudioidea.org/ojs/index.php/eidea/article/view/19

Rovinelli, R. J. & Hambleton, R. K. (1977). On the use of content specialists in the assessment of criterion-referenced test item validity. Dutch Journal of Educational Research, 2, 49-60.

Shaikh, M. A. (2016). Use of statistical tests and statistical software choice in 2014: tale from three Medline indexed Pakistani journals. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 66(4), 464-466.

Shaikh, M. A. (2017). Study designs, use of statistical tests, and statistical analysis software choice in 2015: Results from two Pakistani monthly Medline indexed journals. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 67(9), 1428-1431.

Tellez, A., Garcia, C., & Corral-Verdugo, V. (2015). Effect size, confidence intervals and statistical power in psychological research. Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 8(3), 27-46. https://doi.org/10.11621/pir.2015.0303

Valeri, L., & Vanderweele, T. J. (2013). Mediation analysis allowing for exposure-mediator interactions and causal interpretation: theoretical assumptions and implementation with SAS and SPSS macros. Psychological methods, 18(2), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031034

Vanus, J., Kubicek, J., Gorjani, O. M., & Koziorek, J. (2019). Using the IBM SPSS SW Tool with wavelet transformation for CO₂ prediction within iot in smart home care. Sensors, 19(6), 1407. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19061407

Willink, R. (2005). A confidence interval and test for the mean of an asymmetric distribution. Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, 34(4), 753-766. https://doi.org/10.1081/STA-200054419

Wilson, E. B. (1927). Probable inference, the law of succession, and statistical inference. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 22, 209-212. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1927.10502953

Published
19-04-2022
How to Cite
Merino-Soto, C., & Livia-Segovia, J. (2022). Rating mean of expert judges and asymmetric confidence intervals in content validity: An SPSS syntax. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 38(2), 395–398. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.489431
Issue
Section
Methodology

Publication Facts

Metric
This article
Other articles
Peer reviewers 
2
2.4

Reviewer profiles  N/A

Author statements

Author statements
This article
Other articles
Data availability 
N/A
16%
External funding 
N/A
32%
Competing interests 
N/A
11%
Metric
This journal
Other journals
Articles accepted 
52%
33%
Days to publication 
247
145

Indexed in

Editor & editorial board
profiles
Academic society 
N/A
Publisher 
Editum - Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (España)