La confianza de los niños en el consenso depende del contexto: convencional vs moral

Autores/as

  • Silvia Guerrero Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
  • Laura Elenbaas University of Maryland
  • Ileana Enesco Universidad Complutense de Madrid
  • Melanie Killen University of Maryland
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.33.1.230831
Palabras clave: desarrollo social, desarrollo cognitivo, juicios morales, consenso social, testimonio

Agencias de apoyo

  • Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain

Resumen

Cuando una mayoría aprueba una exclusión social ¿los niños son fieles a sus opiniones personales o muestran deferencia hacia la mayoría?  Teniendo en cuenta investigaciones previas sobre la preferencia de los niños por el testimonio de una mayoría de adultos frente al de un disidente cuando deben aprender palabras, en este trabajo se estudió esta preferencia por el consenso social en dos contextos: exclusión racial entre iguales y aprendizaje de palabras nuevas.  El objetivo fue estudiar si la preferencia por la mayoría puede generalizarse a otros contextos.  En este trabajo participaron 90 niños de Educación Infantil del grupo étnico mayoritario en España.  Los resultados mostraron que los niños se alineaban con la mayoría significativamente menos en el contexto de exclusión que en el de aprendizaje de palabras.  Además, rechazaban la opinión del consenso cuando este aprobaba la exclusión de un niño de una actividad grupal, incluso cuando el excluido era de un grupo étnico-racial diferente al propio; por el contrario, los participantes se alineaban con el disidente que condenaba la exclusión, a pesar de que esto implicaba oponerse a la mayoría. Estos resultados proporcionan  información relevante sobre el desarrollo del conocimiento social infantil.

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Publicado
28-12-2016
Cómo citar
Guerrero, S., Elenbaas, L., Enesco, I., & Killen, M. (2016). La confianza de los niños en el consenso depende del contexto: convencional vs moral. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 33(1), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.33.1.230831
Número
Sección
Psicología social y organizacional