La relación entre los indicadores psicofisiológicos y los niveles hormonales en luchadores de élite
Resumen
Este estudio experimental tuvo como objetivo investigar la relación entre las características psicofisiológicas y los niveles de testosterona y cortisol en atletas de élite. Veinte luchadores de estilo grecorromano (20–33 años) del equipo nacional de Ucrania participaron en el estudio, realizándose un total de 40 evaluaciones. Las concentraciones de testosterona y cortisol se determinaron en suero sanguíneo mediante un inmunoensayo enzimático (ChemWell, Awareness Technology, EE. UU.). Los parámetros psicofisiológicos se evaluaron mediante el sistema computarizado “NS-Psychotest” (Ukrmedspectr, Ucrania). El análisis de correlación mostró una relación significativa (p<0.05) entre los niveles de testosterona y las reacciones visomotoras complejas, así como entre el cortisol y las reacciones retardadas en la prueba de respuesta a un objeto en movimiento. Los atletas se dividieron en dos grupos según la velocidad de respuesta sensoriomotora. Los grupos difirieron significativamente (p<0.05) en las reacciones visomotoras complejas, pero no en las simples (p>0.05). Además, se observaron diferencias hormonales entre los grupos: los atletas con mejor reacción visomotora compleja presentaron niveles más altos de testosterona y más bajos de cortisol. En conjunto, estos hallazgos sugieren que la evaluación conjunta de marcadores hormonales y psicofisiológicos puede mejorar el control del rendimiento deportivo y facilitar la detección temprana del estrés excesivo.
Descargas
-
Resumen0
-
PDF 2
Citas
1. Baibikov, M., & Romanenko, V. (2023). Investigation of the methods of assessment of sensorimotor reactions in martial arts. Combat Sports, 2(28), 4–14. https://doi.org/10.15391/ed.2023-2.01
2. Borysiuk, Z. (2006). Time structure of information processes in selected combat sports [Monograph in Polish]. University of Physical Education.
3. Cadegiani, F. A., & Kater, C. E. (2017). Hormonal aspects of overtraining syndrome: A systematic review. BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation, 9(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-017-0079-8
4. Cadegiani, F. A., & Kater, C. E. (2018). Body composition, metabolism, sleep, psychological and eating patterns of overtraining syndrome: Results of the EROS study (EROS-PROFILE). Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(16), 1902–1910. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.142449
5. Cadegiani, F. A., & Kater, C. E. (2019). Basal hormones and biochemical markers as predictors of overtraining syndrome in male athletes: The EROS-BASAL study. Journal of Athletic Training, 54(8), 906–914. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-148-18
6. Carré, J. M., & Robinson, B. A. (2020). Testosterone administration in human social neuroendocrinology: Past, present, and future. Hormones and Behavior, 122, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104754
7. Carré, J. M., Putnam, S. K., & McCormick, C. M. (2009). Testosterone responses to competition predict future aggressive behaviour at a cost to reward in men. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34(4), 561–570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.10.018
8. Chernozub, A., Manolachi, V., Korobeynikov, G., Potop, V., Sherstiuk, L., Manolachi, V., & Mihaila, I. (2022). Criteria for assessing the adaptive changes in mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes of strike fighting style in different training load regimes. PeerJ, 10, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13827
9. Cook, C., & Crewther, B. (2012). The effects of different pre-game motivational interventions on athlete free hormonal state and subsequent performance in professional rugby union matches. Physiology & Behavior, 106(5), 683–688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.05.009
10. Crewther, B., Carruthers, J., Kilduff, L., Sanctuary, C., & Cook, C. (2016). Temporal associations between individual changes in hormones, training motivation and physical performance in elite and non-elite trained men. Biology of Sport, 33(3), 215–221. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1201810
11. Filaire, E., Maso, F., Sagnol, M., Ferrand, C., & Lac, G. (2001). Anxiety, hormonal responses, and coping during a judo competition. Aggressive Behavior, 27(1), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2337
12. Galatzer-Levy, I. R., Steenkamp, M. M., Brown, A. D., Qian, M., Inslicht, S., Henn-Haase, C., Otte, C., Yehuda, R., Neylan, T. C., & Marmar, C. R. (2014). Cortisol response to an experimental stress paradigm prospectively predicts long-term distress and resilience trajectories in response to active police service. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 56, 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.04.020
13. Geniole, S. N., Bird, B. M., Ruddick, E. L., & Carré, J. M. (2017). Effects of competition outcome on testosterone concentrations in humans: An updated meta-analysis. Hormones and Behavior, 92, 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.10.002
14. Gierczuk, D., Bujak, Z., Cieśliński, I., Lyakh, V., & Sadowski, J. (2018). Response time and effectiveness in elite Greco-Roman wrestlers under simulated fight conditions. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(12), 3433–3440. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002868
15. Gierczuk, D., Lyakh, V., Sadowski, J., & Bujak, Z. (2017). Speed of reaction and fighting effectiveness in elite Greco-Roman wrestlers. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 124(1), 200–213. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512516672126
16. Gonzalez-Bono, E., Salvador, A., Serrano, M. A., & Ricarte, J. (1999). Testosterone, cortisol, and mood in a sports team competition. Hormones and Behavior, 35(1), 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1006/hbeh.1998.1496
17. Grebe, N. M., Del Giudice, M., Emery Thompson, M., Nickels, N., Ponzi, D., Zilioli, S., Maestripieri, D., & Gangestad, S. W. (2019). Testosterone, cortisol, and status-striving personality features: A review and empirical evaluation of the Dual Hormone hypothesis. Hormones and Behavior, 109, 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.01.006
18. Karnincic, H., Baic, M., Slasanac, K., Penjak, A., & Jelaska, I. (2018). Relationship between training experience and pre-competition mood states in cadet wrestlers. International Journal of Wrestling Science, 8(2), 9–13.
19. Knight, E. L., Morales, P. J., Christian, C. B., Prasad, S., Harbaugh, W. T., Mehta, P. H., & Mayr, U. (2022). The causal effect of testosterone on men's competitive behavior is moderated by basal cortisol and cues to an opponent's status: Evidence for a context-dependent dual-hormone hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 123(4), 693–716. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000305
20. Kohanevich, A., & Korobeynikov, G. (2024). Factor structure of the functional state of qualified wrestlers at the stage of special basic training. Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and Pedagogical Problems of Physical Culture (Physical Culture and Sports), 272–277. https://doi.org/10.31392/UDU-nc.series15.2024.3K(176).59
21. Lohani, M., Payne, B. R., & Strayer, D. L. (2019). A review of psychophysiological measures to assess cognitive states in real-world driving. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 13, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2019.00057
22. Maidaniuk, O., Vdovenko, N., & Husarova, A. (2022). Effect of intensive physical loads on plasma testosterone and cortisol concentration in elite athletes. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3), 379–385. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3.12
23. Maidaniuk, O., Vdovenko, N., Rossokha, H., & Husarova, A. (2024). Dynamics of insulin and glucose changes during the early recovery after physical loads in elite athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 24(11), 2034–2039. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2024.11301
24. Makarenko, M. V., & Lyzohub, V. S. (2015). Reaction to a moving object as a test for determine balance of nervous processes. Bulletin of the National Defense University of Ukraine, 1(44), 142–147.
25. Maydanyuk, E. V., & Vdovenko, N. V. (2021). Effect of intensive physical loads on testosterone, cortisol, and insulin blood concentrations in elite athletes. Problems of Endocrine Pathology, 76(2), 49–55. https://doi.org/10.21856/j-pep.2021.2.07
26. Mbiydzenyuy, N. E., & Qulu, L. A. (2024). Stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and aggression. Metabolic Brain Disease, 39(8), 1613–1636. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-024-01393-w
27. Mehta, P. H., Jones, A. C., & Josephs, R. A. (2008). The social endocrinology of dominance: Basal testosterone predicts cortisol changes and behavior following victory and defeat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(6), 1078–1093. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.6.1078
28. Mehta, P. H., Lawless DesJardins, N. M., van Vugt, M., & Josephs, R. A. (2017). Hormonal underpinnings of status conflict: Testosterone and cortisol are related to decisions and satisfaction in the hawk-dove game. Hormones and Behavior, 92, 141–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.03.009
29. Papacosta, E., Nassis, G. P., & Gleeson, M. (2016). Salivary hormones and anxiety in winners and losers of an international judo competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(13), 1281–1287. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1111521
30. Parmigiani, S., Dadomo, H., Bartolomucci, A., Brain, P. F., Carbucicchio, A., Costantino, C., Ferrari, P. F., Palanza, P., & Volpi, R. (2009). Personality traits and endocrine response as possible asymmetry factors of agonistic outcome in karate athletes. Aggressive Behavior, 35(4), 324–333. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20306
31. Pervachuk, R., Tropin, Yu., Romanenko, V., & Chuev, A. (2017). Model characteristics of sensorimotor reactions and specific perceptions of trained wrestlers. Slobozhanskyi Herald of Science and Sport, 5(61), 84–88. https://doi.org/10.15391/snsv.2017-5.015
32. Rossokha, G., Vdovenko, N., & Osipenko, A. (2023). Testosterone and psychophysiological aspects of personality in sports. Scientific Journal of the Dragomanov Ukrainian State University. Series 15, 3(162), 351–357. https://doi.org/10.31392
33. Rovnyy, A. S., & Romanenko, V. V. (2016). Model characteristics of sensorimotor reactions and specific perceptions of highly qualified combatants. Martial Arts, 1, 54–57.
34. Sazonov, V. (2017). Peculiar aspects of qualified wrestlers’ special workability and supreme nervous system functioning at special training stage of preparatory period. Pedagogics, Psychology, Medical-Biological Problems of Physical Training and Sports, 21(1), 46–50. https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2017.0108
35. Schultheiss, O. C., Wirth, M. M., Torges, C. M., Pang, J. S., Villacorta, M. A., & Welsh, K. M. (2005). Effects of implicit power motivation on men's and women's implicit learning and testosterone changes after social victory or defeat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(1), 174–188. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.88.1.174
36. Serpell, B. G., & Cook, C. J. (2021). Testosterone and cortisol are more predictive of choice behavior than a social nudge in adult males on a simple gift give-get task. Stress, 24(6), 1057–1063. https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.1912004
37. Serpell, B. G., Crewther, B. T., Fourie, P. J., et al. (2024). Fluctuations in cortisol and testosterone map to fluctuations in opinion strength in healthy men. Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology, 10(3-4), 247-264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40750-024-00245-2
38. Serrano, M. A., Salvador, A., González-Bono, E., Sanchís, C., & Suay, F. (2000). Hormonal responses to competition. Psychothema, 12(3), 440–444.
39. Slimani, M., Paravlic, A. H., Chaabene, H., Davis, P., Chamari, K., & Cheour, F. (2018). Hormonal responses to striking combat sports competition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Biology of Sport, 35(2), 121–136. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2018.71601
40. Suay, F., Salvador, A., González-Bono, E., Sanchís, C., Martínez, M., Martínez-Sanchis, S., Simón, V. M., & Montoro, J. B. (1999). Effects of competition and its outcome on serum testosterone, cortisol and prolactin. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 24(5), 551–566. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4530(99)00011-6
41. Tota, Ł. M., & Wiecha, S. S. (2022). Biochemical profile in mixed martial arts athletes. PeerJ, 10, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12708
42. Tropin, Y., & Boychenko, N. (2018). Interrelation of psychophysiological indicators and physical readiness of qualified wrestlers. Slobozhanskyi Herald of Science and Sport, 2(64), 82–87. https://doi.org/10.15391/snsv.2018-2.016
43. Tropin, Yu., Romanenko, V., & Ponomaryov, V. (2016). Model characteristics of sensory-motor reactions and perceptions of specific wrestlers of different styles of confrontation. Slobozhanskyi Herald of Science and Sport, 3(53), 99–103. https://doi.org/10.15391/snsv.2016-3.019
44. Tsyhanovska, N., Veretelnikova, N., Romanenko, V., Batulin, D., Arkhypova, A., & Honchar, V. (2017). Physical and psycho-sensory abilities as the basis of motivation of students to systematic section classes in the system of physical education of HEI. Slobozhanskyi Herald of Science and Sport, 1(57), 116–120. https://doi.org/10.15391/snsv.2017-1.020
45. Urhausen, A., Gabriel, H., & Kindermann, W. (1995). Blood hormones as markers of training stress and overtraining. Sports Medicine, 20(4), 251–276. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199520040-00004
46. Wood, R. I., & Stanton, S. J. (2012). Testosterone and sport: Current perspectives. Hormones and Behavior, 61(1), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.09.010
47. Zilioli, S., & Watson, N. V. (2013). Winning isn't everything: Mood and testosterone regulate the cortisol response in competition. PLoS ONE, 8(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052582
48. Zitzmann, M. (2020). Testosterone, mood, behaviour and quality of life. Andrology, 8(6), 1598–1605. https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12867
Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:
1. El Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (la editorial) conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y favorece y permite la reutilización de las mismas bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2013
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica.
