La Transformación digital en la educación: percepciones estudiantiles sobre la incorporación de la Inteligencia Artificial

Derlis Cáceres Troche; Agustín Lagunes Domínguez; Paulina Vizcaino Imacaña

doi:10.6018/rifop.698601

Autores/as

Derlis Cáceres Troche Universidad Autñonoma de Madrid
Agustín Lagunes Domínguez Universidad Veracruzana - México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-154X
Paulina Vizcaino Imacaña Universidad Internacional de Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9575-3539

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/rifop.698601

Palabras clave: Inteligencia artificial generativa, Educación Superior, Percepciones estudiantiles, Competencia digital, Práctica pedagógica, integridad académica

Resumen

La irrupción de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la educación superior latinoamericana reconfigura prácticas de enseñanza y aprendizaje, a la vez que plantea retos éticos y de calidad de la información, el objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar las percepciones de estudiantes universitarios de América Latina sobre la incorporación de la IA. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con N = 138 estudiantes, mediante un cuestionario Likert de 34 ítems organizado en siete dimensiones (eficacia, mejoras en el aprendizaje, dependencia, facilidad de uso, apoyo al aprendizaje, reacciones emocionales y precisión); la validez se estableció por juicio de expertos y la confiabilidad global fue α = .947. Los resultados muestran una postura predominantemente positiva: 63% afirma que la IA le ayuda a enfocarse y ser más eficiente; 53% percibe personalización y apoyo al aprendizaje; 51% reporta reacciones emocionales favorables. A la vez, existe cautela: 45% expresa reservas sobre la precisión/coherencia de la información. La facilidad de uso se valora alta y no se observa dependencia generalizada (rechazo mayoritario a “copiar y pegar”). El estudiantado ve la IA como aliada que potencia aprendizaje y motivación, siempre que su integración sea ética, transparente y complementaria a la docencia; se recomiendan directrices institucionales, alfabetización en IA y evaluación con verificación humana.

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