Mediación múltiple de la soledad y las afecta negativas en la relación entre la ansiedad social de los adolescentes y los síntomas depresivos.
Resumen
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo investigar la mediación múltiple de la soledad y de los afectos negativos en la relación entre la ansiedad social y los síntomas depresivos de los adolescentes. Los participantes del estudio, seleccionados mediante muestreo por conveniencia, fueron un total de 263 estudiantes, incluyendo a 155 mujeres (59%) y 108 hombres (41%), que asistían a varias centros de educación secundaria en una ciudad de la región del Mar Negro. La edad de alumnos participantes osciló entre 14 y 18 años, con una edad promedio de 15.05 (SD = 0.90). Los datos para este estudio fueron recolectados de la Escala de Ansiedad Social para Adolescentes, UCLA Escala de Soledad - Abreviado, Registro de afecto positivo y negativo para Adolescentes, Escala de Depresión para Niños y formulario de información personal. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, y un enfoque basado en regresión de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, y el método de Bootstrap. Los hallazgos del estudio indican que la soledad y los afectos negativos, tanto por separado como en conjunto, median en la relación entre la ansiedad social y síntomas depresivos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la comparación llevada a cabo para encontrar variables mediadoras más potentes en términos de efecto de la mediación. Además, se encontró que el modelo globalmente fue significativo y explicó el 44% de la varianza total en los síntomas depresivos. Se incluye una discusión sobre la interpretación de los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio junto con sugerencias para los profesionales pertinentes.Descargas
-
Resumen2394
-
PDF 1154
-
Untitled 58
Citas
Aydın, A., & Tekinsav-Sütcü, S. (2007). Ergenler için sosyal kaygı ölçeğinin (ESKÖ) geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesi [Validity and reliability of social anxiety scale for adolescents (SAS-A)]. Turkish Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 14(2), 79-89.
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
Bayramkaya, E. (2010). Sosyal fobi belirtileri, yetişkin bağlanma boyutları ve kişilerarası ilişki tarzları arasındaki ilişkiler [The relationship between social phobia symptoms, adult attachment styles and interpersonal relationships styles]. 16. Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi 14-17 Nisan, Mersin.
Beesdo, K., Bittner, A., Pine, D. S., Stein, M. B., Höfler, M., Lieb, R., & Wittchen, H. U. (2007). Incidence of social anxiety disorder and the consistent risk for secondary depression in the first three decades of life. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(8), 903-912.
Beck, J. S. (2011). Cognitive behavior therapy: Basics and beyond. New York: The Guilford Press.
Beidel, D. C., Turner, S. M., & Morris T. L. (1999). Psychopathology of childhood social phobia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(6), 643-650.
Bernstein, G. A., Bernat, D. H., Davis, A. A, & Layne, A. E. (2008). Symptom presentation and classroom functioning in a nonclinical sample of children with social phobia. Depression and Anxiety, 25, 752-760.
Buhrmester, D. (1990). Intimacy of friendship, interpersonal competence, and adjustment during preadolescence and adolescence. Child Development, 61(4), 1101-1111.
Buhrmester, D., & Furman, W. (1987). The development of companionship and intimacy. Child Development, 58(4), 1101-1113.
Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991). Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: Psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(3), 316-336.
Contardi, A., Farina, B., Fabbricatore, M., Tamburello, S., Scapellato, P., Penzo, I., ...& Innamorati, M. (2012). Difficulties in emotion regulation and personal distress in young adults with social anxiety. Rivista di Psichiatria, 48(2), 155-161.
Davidson, C. L., Wingate, L. R., Grant, D. M., Judah, M. R., & Mills, A. C. (2011). Interpersonal suicide risk and ideation: The influence of depression and social anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 30(8), 842-855.
Eisner, L. R., Johnson, S. L., & Carver, C. S. (2009). Positive affect regulation in anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(5), 645-649.
Emiroğlu, M., Murat, M., & Bindak, R. (2011). Lise son sınıf öğrencilerinin depresyon düzeylerini yordayan sosyo-demografik değişkenlerin belirlenmesi [Determination of socio-demographic variables predicting levels of high school students]. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 10(38), 262-274.
Eskin, M., Ertekin, K., Harlak, H., & Dereboy, Ç. (2008). Lise öğrencisi ergenlerde depresyonun yaygınlığı ve ilişkili olduğu etmenler [Prevalence of and factors related to depression in high school students]. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 19(4), 382-389.
Gander, M. J., & Gardiner, H. W. (2004). Çocuk ve ergen gelişimi [The development of children and adolescents]. (Trans. Ed. B. Onur). (5th ed.) Ankara: İmge Publishing.
Ginsburg, G. S., La Greca, A. M., & Silverman, W. K. (1998). Social anxiety in children with anxiety disorders: Relation with social and emotional functioning. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26, 175–185.
Gültekin, B. K., & Dereboy, İ. F. (2011). Üniversite öğrencilerinde sosyal fobinin yaygınlığı ve sosyal fobinin yaşam kalitesi, akademik başarı ve kimlik oluşumu üzerine etkileri [The prevalence of social phobia, and its impact on quality of life, academic achievement, and identity formation in university students]. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 22(3), 150-158.
Greco, L. A., & Morris, T. L. (2005). Factors influencing the link between social anxiety and peer acceptance: Contributions of social skills and close friendships during middle childhood. Behavior Therapy, 36(2), 197-205.
Havighurst, R. J. (1947). The developmental tasks of adolescents. UNESCO Summer Seminar on Education for International Understanding, 18 August 1947, (pp. 1-3) Paris, France. Retrieved from: 13. 05. 2016 http://unesdoc.unesco.org/Ulis/cgi-bin/ulis.pl?catno=155680&set=4EA47322_2_457&gp=&lin=1&ll=f.
Hayes, A. F. (2012). PROCESS: A versatile computational tool for observed variable mediation, moderation, and conditional process modeling. Retrieved from: http://processmacro.org/download.html
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York: Guilford Press.
Hays, R. D., & DiMatteo, M. R. (1987). A short-form measure of loneliness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 51(1), 69-81.
Heinrich, L. M., & Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness: A literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(6), 695-718.
Horn, P. J., & Wuyek, L. A. (2010). Anxiety disorders as a risk factor for subsequent depression. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 14, 244-247.
Hsu, L. R., Hailey, B. J., & Range, L. M. (1987). Cultural and emotional components of loneliness and depression. The Journal of Psychology, 121(1), 61-70.
Inderbitzen, H. M., Walters, K. S., & Bukowski, A. L. (1997). The role of social anxiety in adolescent peer relations: Differences among sociometric status groups and rejected subgroups. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 26(4), 338-348.
Johnson, H. D., Lavoie, J. C., & Mahoney, M. (2001). Interparental conflict and family cohesion predictors of loneliness, social anxiety, and social avoidance in late adolescence. Journal of Adolescent Research, 16(3), 304-318.
Kashdan, T. B. (2004). The neglected relationship between social interaction anxiety and hedonic deficits: Differentiation from depressive symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 18(5), 719-730.
Kaya, N., Çilli, A. S., Aşkın, R., Herken, H., Özkan, İ., & Kucur, R. (1997). Orta ve yükseköğrenim öğrencilerinde sosyal fobik belirti yaygınlığı [The prevalence of social phobia among high school and university students]. Journal of General Medicine, 7(3), 133-137.
Kessler, R. C., Stang, P., Wittchen, H-U, Stein, M., & Walters, E. E. (1999). Lifetime co-morbidities between social phobia and mood disorders in the US National Comorbidity Survey. Psychological Medicine, 29(3), 555-567.
Khalid-Khan, S., Santibanez, M-P., McMicken, C., & Rynn, M. A. (2007). Social anxiety disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatric Drugs, 9(4), 227-237.
Kim, O. (2001). Sex differences in social support, loneliness, and depression among Korean college students. Psychological Reports, 88(2), 521-526.
Kocabaşoğlu, N., Doksat, M. K., & Doğangün, B. (2004). Anksiyete ve depresyonun çok yönlü ilişkisi [Various aspects of relationship between anxiety and depression]. Yeni Symposium, 42(4), 168-176.
Kovacs, M. (1985). The children’s depression inventory (CDI). Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 21(4), 995-998.
La Greca, A. M., & Harrison, H. M. (2005). Adolescent peer relations, friendships, and romantic relationships: Do they predict social anxiety and depression? Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(1), 49-61.
La Greca, A. M., & Lopez, N. (1998). Social anxiety among adolescents: Linkages with peer relationships and friendships. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26, 83-94.
Lasgaard, M., Goossens, L., & Elklit, A. (2011). Loneliness, depressive symptomatology, and suicide ideation in adolescence: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39(1), 137-150.
Lau, S., Chan, D. W., & Lau, P. S. (1999). Facets of loneliness and depression among Chinese children and adolescents. The Journal of Social Psychology, 139(6), 713-729.
Laurent, J., Catanzaro, S. J., Joiner Jr, T. E., Rudolph, K. D., Potter, K. I., Lambert, S., ... & Gathright, T. (1999). A measure of positive and negative affect for children: scale development and preliminary validation. Psychological Assessment, 11(3), 326-338.
Masia-Warner, C., Klein, R. G., Dent, H. C., Fisher, P. H., Alvir, J., Albano, A. M., & Guardino, M. (2005). School-based intervention for adolescents with social anxiety disorder: Results of a controlled study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33(6), 707-722.
Mehtalia, K., & Vankar, G. K. (2004). Social anxiety in adolescents. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 46(3), 221-227.
Moore, D., & Schultz Jr, N. R. (1983). Loneliness at adolescence: Correlates, attributions, and coping. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 12(2), 95-100.
Nepon, T., Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., & Molnar, D. S. (2011). Perfectionism, negative social feedback, and interpersonal rumination in depression and social anxiety. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 43(4), 297-308.
Ohayon, M. M., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2010). Social phobia and depression: Prevalence and comorbidity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 68(3), 235-243.
Ollendick, T. H., & Yule, W. (1990). Depression in British and American children and its relation to anxiety and fear. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58(1), 126-129.
Öy, B. (1991). Çocuklar için depresyon ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması [Depression scale for children: Validity and reliability study]. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, (2), 132-136.
Özfırat, Ö., Pehlivan, E., & Özdemir, F. Ç. (2009). Malatya il merkezindeki lise son sınıf öğrencilerinde depresyon prevalansı ve ilişkili faktörler [The depression prevalence and related factors in the last-phase high-school students in the Centre of Malatya]. Journal of Inonu University Medical Faculty, 16(4), 247-255.
Rich, A. R., & Scovel, M. (1987). Causes of depression in college students: A cross-lagged panel correlational analysis. Psychological Reports, 60(1), 27-30.
Rusch, S., Westermann, S., & Lincoln, T. M. (2012). Specificity of emotion regulation deficits in social anxiety: An internet study. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 85(3), 268-277.
Santrock, J. W. (2011). Yaşam boyu gelişim [Life-span development]. (Trans. Ed. G.Yüksel). Ankara: Nobel Publishing.
Spence, S. H., Donovan, C., & Brechman-Toussaint, M. (1999). Social skills, social outcomes, and cognitive features of childhood social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108(2), 211-221.
Stein M. B., Fuetsch, M., Muller, N., Hofler, M., Lieb, R., & Wittchen, H-U. (2001). Social anxiety disorder and the risk of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 251-256.
Steinberg, L. (2007). Ergenlik [Adolescence]. (Trans. Ed. F. Çok). (First ed.). Ankara: İmge Publishing.
Sübaşı, G. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinde sosyal kaygıyı yordayıcı bazı değişkenler [Some variables for social anxiety prediction in college students]. Education and Science, 32, 3-15.
Swami, V., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Sinniah, D., Maniam, T., Kannan, K., Stanistreet, D., & Furnham, A. (2007). General health mediates the relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and depression. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 42(2), 161-166.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th Ed.). Boston: Pearson.
Temel, Z. F., & Aksoy, A. B. (2001). Ergen ve gelişimi: Yetişkinliğe ilk adım [Adolescents and development: The first step to adulthood]. (First ed.). Ankara: Nobel Publishing.
Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Luterek, J. A., Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Emotion dysregulation in generalized anxiety disorder: A comparison with social anxiety disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29(1), 89-106.
Türkçapar, M. H. (1999). Sosyal fobinin psikolojik kuramı [Psychological theory of social phobia]. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2, 247-253.
Qualter, P., Brown, S. L., Munn, P., & Rotenberg, K. J. (2010). Childhood loneliness as a predictor of adolescent depressive symptoms: An 8-year longitudinal study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 19(6), 493-501.
van Roekel, E., Goossens, L., Verhagen, M., Wouters, S., Engels, R. C. M. E., & Scholte, R. H. (2013). Loneliness, affect, and adolescents’ appraisals of company: An experience sampling method study. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(2), 350-363.
Vittengl, J. R., & Holt, C. S. (1998). Positive and negative affect in social interactions as a function of partner familiarity, quality of communication, and social anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17(2), 196-208.
Werner, K. H., Goldin, P. R., Ball, T. M., Heimberg, R. G., & Gross, J. J. (2011). Assessing emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder: The emotion regulation interview. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 33(3), 346-354.
Wilbert, J. R., & Rupert, P. A. (1986). Dysfunctional attitudes, loneliness, and depression in college students. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 10(1), 71-77.
Yazgan İnanç, B., Bilgin, M., & Kılıç Atıcı, M. (2012). Gelişim psikolojisi: Çocuk ve ergen gelişimi [Developmental psychology: Child and adolescent development]. (8th ed.). Ankara: Pegem Academy.
Yıldız, M. A. (2014). Ergenlerde anne-babaya bağlanma ile öznel iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkide duygu düzenleme ve baş etme yöntemlerinin çoklu aracılık rolü [The multiple mediating role of emotion regulation and coping strategies on the relationship between parental attachment and subjective wellbeing in adolescents]. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
Yıldız, M. A., & Duy, B. (2014). Adaptation of the short-form of the UCLA loneliness scale (ULS-8) to Turkish for the adolescents. Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 27(3), 194-203.
Sobre Derechos de autor y Licencias, más detalles aquí.



