Medidas observacionales para evaluar la responsividad parental: una revisión sistemática.
Resumen
Objetivo: Este estudio pretende identificar y analizar las medidas observacionales para evaluar el constructo de responsividad parental, con especial atención en los componentes que se evalúan, en las características de aplicación y en los criterios de uso. Método: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura de todos los instrumentos publicados a través de las bases de datos de PsychINFO y Google Scholar. Dos investigadoras independientes evaluaron la elegibilidad de todos los instrumentos, extrajeron los datos y evaluaron sus características. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 33 instrumentos. Los componentes evaluados son diversos y más del 50% evalúan también otros constructos. La mayoría son de enfoque positivo, más de la mitad se codifican a través de vídeo y el tiempo destinado a la evaluación es muy variable, desde menos de 5 minutos a más de una hora. Algo menos de la mitad solicita realizar tareas concretas y todos ellos requieren formación específica para su uso. Discusión: Existe una gran oferta de instrumentos para evaluar la responsividad parental. Esta revisión ofrece claves que facilitan la elección del instrumento más adecuado a cada necesidad profesional o de investigación.
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