Factorial analysis and invariance by sex and age of the Anger Rumination Scale ARS Spanish version
Abstract
Anger rumination is perseverative thinking about a personally significant event that occurred to the person or others that leads to anger and constitutes a risk factor for aggression. The aim was to perform a confirmatory factor analysis and invariance by sex and age of the Anger Rumination Scale [ARS]. A non-probabilistic sample of 640 people between 18 and 63 years old (M = 31.07, SD = 11.27), grouped by sex (252 men, 378 women) and ages (278 under 25 years old, 352 over 25 years old) was formed. The instruments were the ARS and the RPQ reactive and proactive aggression questionnaire. It was found that the ARS presents a favorable fit in a four-factor model correlated with residual covariances. In turn, it was invariant between sexes and ages after imposing progressive restrictions on the confirmed model and presented significant correlations with reactive and proactive aggression as evidence of the validity of predictive criteria. It was concluded that the ARS presents adequate indicators of reliability and validity to be used in the Colombian context.
Downloads
References
Andreu, J., Peña, M., & Ramírez, J. (2009). Cuestionario de agresión reactiva y proactiva: Un instrumento de medida de la agresión en adolescentes [Reactive and proactive aggression questionnaire: an instrument for measuring aggression in adolescents]. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 14(1), 37-49. http://www.aepcp.net/arc/(4)_2009(1)_Andreu_Pena_Ramirez.pdf
Anestis, M. D., Anestis, J. C., Selby, E. A., & Joiner, T. E. (2009). Anger rumination across forms of aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(2), 192–196. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.026
Asociación Médica Mundial [WMA] (2017). Declaración de Helsinki de la AMM - Principios éticos para las investigaciones médicas en seres humanos [WMA Helsinki Declaration - Ethical Principles for Medical Research in Humans]. Brasil: Autor. Available at https://www.wma.net/es/policies-post/declaracion-de-helsinki-de-la-amm-principios-eticos-para-las-investigaciones-medicas-en-seres-humanos/
Besharat, M. A. (2011). Factorial and cross-cultural validity of a Farsi version of the Anger Rumination Scale. Psychological Reports, 108(1), 317-328. doi:10.2466/02.08.09.PR0.108.1.317-328
Bushman, B. J., & Gibson, B. (2011). Violent video games cause an increase in aggression long after the game has been turned off. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(1), 29-32. doi:10.1177/1948550610379506
Byrne, B. M. (2008) Testing for multigroup equivalence of a measuring instrument a walk through the process. Psicothema, 20(4), 872-882. Available at http://www.psicothema.com/pdf/3569.pdf
Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(3), 464-504. doi: 10.1080/10705510701301834
Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233-255. doi:10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5
Denson, T. F. (2012). The multiple systems model of angry rumination. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 17(2), 103-123. doi:10.1177/1088868312467086
du Pont, A., Rhee, S. H., Corley, R. P., Hewitt, J. K., & Friedman, N. P. (2017). Rumination and psychopathology: Are anger and depressive rumination differentially associated with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology? Clinical Psychological Science, 6(1), 18-31. doi:10.1177/2167702617720747
García-Sancho, E., Salguero, J. M., & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2016). Angry rumination as a mediator of the relationship between ability emotional intelligence and various types of aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 89, 143-147. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.10.007
Guerra, R. C., & White, B. A. (2017). Psychopathy and functions of aggression in emerging adulthood: moderation by anger rumination and gender. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 39(1), 35-45. doi:10.1007/s10862-016-9563-9
Hickendorff, M., Edelsbrunner, P. A., McMullen, J., Schneider, M., & Trezise, K. (2018). Informative tools for characterizing individual differences in learning: Latent class, latent profile, and latent transition analysis. Learning and Individual Differences, 66, 4-15. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2017.11.001
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
Kahn, J. H. (2006). Factor analysis in counseling psychology research, training, and practice: Principles, advances, and applications. The Counseling Psychologist, 34(5), 684-718. doi:10.1177/0011000006286347
Li-Chung, L., Po-Hsien, H., & Li-Jen, W. (2017). Selecting path models in SEM: A comparison of model selection criteria. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 24(6), 855-869. doi:10.1080/10705511.2017.1363652
Lyubomirsky, S., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1993). Self-perpetuating properties of dysphoric rumination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(2), 339-349. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.2.339
Magán-Uceda, I., Lozano-Bleda, J. H., Pérez-Nieto, M. A., Sukhodolsky, D. G., & Escalona-Martínez, A. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Anger Rumination Scale: Evidence of reliability and validity in the general population. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 19(E17), 1-9. doi:10.1017/sjp.2016.17
Martino, F., Caselli, G., Berardi, D., Fiore, F., Marino, E., Menchetti, M., ... Sassaroli, S. (2015). Anger rumination and aggressive behaviour in borderline personality disorder. Personality and Mental Health, 9(4), 277-287. doi:10.1002/pmh.1310
Maxwell, J. P., Sukhodolsky, D. G., Chow, C. C. F., & Wong, C. F. C. (2005). Anger rumination in Hong Kong and Great Britain: Validation of the scale and a cross-cultural comparison. Personality and Individual Differences, 39(6), 1147-1157. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.03.022
McLaughlin, K. A., Aldao, A., Wisco, B. E., & Hilt, L. M. (2014). Rumination as a transdiagnostic factor underlying transitions between internalizing symptoms and aggressive behavior in early adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 123(1), 13-23. doi:10.1037/a0035358
Meredith, W. (1993). Measurement invariance, factor analysis and factorial invariance. Psychometrika, 58(4), 525-543. doi:10.1007/bf02294825
Ortega-Andrade, N., Alcázar-Olán, R., Matías, O. M., Rivera-Guerrero, A., & Domínguez-Espinosa, A. (2017). Anger Rumination Scale: Validation in Mexico. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 20(e1), 1-9. doi:10.1017/sjp.2016.105
Pendergast, L. L., von der Embse, N., Kilgus, S. P., & Eklund, K. R. (2017). Measurement equivalence: A non-technical primer on categorical multi-group confirmatory factor analysis in school psychology. Journal of School Psychology, 60, 65-82. doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2016.11.002
Peters, J. R., Smart, L. M., Eisenlohr‐Moul, T. A., Geiger, P. J., Smith, G. T. & Baer, R. A. (2015). Anger rumination as a mediator of the relationship between mindfulness and aggression: The utility of a multidimensional mindfulness model. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 71(9), 871-884. doi:10.1002/jclp.22189
Raine, A., Dodge, H., Loeber, R., Gatzke-Kopp, L., Lynam, D., Reynolds, C., … Liu, J. (2006). The Reactive - Proactive Aggression Questionnaire: Differential correlates of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescent boys. Aggressive Behavior, 32(2), 159-171. doi:10.1002/ab.20115
Reynes, E., Berthouze-Aranda, S. E., Guillet-Descas, E., Chabaud, P., & Deflandre, A. (2013). French validation of the Anger Rumination Scale. Encephale, 39(5), 339-346. doi:10.1016/j.encep.2012.11.006
Rhemtulla, M., Brosseau-Liard, P. E., & Savalei, V. (2012). When can categorical variables be treated as continuous? A comparison of robust continuous and categorical SEM estimation methods under suboptimal conditions. Psychological Methods, 17, 354-373. doi:10.1037/a0029315
Riley, K. E., Park, C. L., & Laurenceau, J. (2018). A Daily Diary Study of Rumination and Health Behaviors: Modeling Moderators and Mediators. Annals of Behavioral Medicine: a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, 53(8), 743-755. doi:10.1093/abm/kay081
Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1-36. Available at http://www.jstatsoft.org/v48/i02/
Satici, S. A. (2014). Anger Rumination Scale: Psychometric properties of the Turkish version. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 15(4), 328-334. doi:10.5455/apd.42654
Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (2010). Ensuring Positiveness of the Scaled Difference Chi-square Test Statistic. Psychometrika, 75(2), 243-248. doi:10.1007/s11336-009-9135-y
Spielberger, C. D. (1988). Manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
Sukhodolsky, D. G., Golub, A., & Cromwell, E. N. (2001). Development and validation of the anger rumination scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(5), 689-700. doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00171-9
Takebe, M., Takahashi, F., & Sato, H. (2016). Anger rumination as a risk factor for trait anger and anger-in: A longitudinal study. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 451-455. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.038
Wang, X., Yang, L., Yang, J., Gao, L., Zhao, F., Xie, X., & Lei, L. (2018). Trait anger and aggression: A moderated mediation model of anger rumination and moral disengagement. Personality and Individual Differences, 125, 44-49. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.12.029
White, S. T., & Frick, P. J. (2010). Callous – unemotional traits and their importance to causal models of severe antisocial behavior in youths. In R.T. Salekin and D.T. Lynam (eds), Handbook of child and adolescent psychology (pp. 135-156). Nueva York: The Gilford Press.
White, B. A., & Turner, K. A. (2014). Anger rumination and effortful control: Mediation effects on reactive but not proactive aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 56, 186-189. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.012
Wong, T. K. Y., Konishi, C., & Zhao, K. (2018). Anger and anger regulation among adolescents: A consideration of sex and age differences. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 50(1), 1-8. doi:10.1037/cbs0000089
Yang, Y. (2003). Regression with multiple candidate models: Selecting or mixing? Statistica Sinica, 13(3), 783-809. http://www3.stat.sinica.edu.tw/statistica/oldpdf/a13n313.pdf
Yuan, K. H., Marshall, L. L., & Bentler, P. M. (2002). A unified approach to exploratory factor analysis with missing data, nonnormal data, and in the presence of outliers. Psychometrika, 67(1), 95-121. doi:10.1007/bf02294711
The works published in this journal are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publications Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) retains the property rights (copyright) of published works, and encourages and enables the reuse of the same under the license specified in paragraph 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2022
2. The works are published in the online edition of the journal under a Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 (legal text). You can copy, use, distribute, transmit and publicly display, provided that: i) you cite the author and the original source of publication (journal, editorial and URL of the work), ii) are not used for commercial purposes, iii ) mentions the existence and specifications of this license.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
3. Conditions of self-archiving. Is allowed and encouraged the authors to disseminate electronically pre-print versions (version before being evaluated and sent to the journal) and / or post-print (version reviewed and accepted for publication) of their works before publication, as it encourages its earliest circulation and diffusion and thus a possible increase in its citation and scope between the academic community. RoMEO Color: Green.