Estimulación transcraneal por corriente eléctrica directa (tDCS). ¿Una herramienta efectiva para mejorar la memoria episódica en jóvenes?

Autores/as

  • Alba Fernández Laboratorio de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
  • Susana Cid-Fernández Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Santiago de Compostela, CP 15782, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
  • Fernando Díaz Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.368341
Palabras clave: Estimulación transcraneal por corriente eléctrica directa (tDCS), Memoria episódica, Personas jóvenes, Mejora de la memoria

Resumen

El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue determinar los efectos de la tDCS anódica vs placebo, administrada sobre el dlPFC durante la fase de codificación de una tarea de memoria episódica, sobre la tasa de aciertos (TA) y el tiempo de reacción (TR) medidos en las fases de recuerdo inmediato y demorado de la tarea, en un grupo de 23 participantes jóvenes sanos.

Se realizó un estudio doble ciego aleatorizado. Los resultados evidenciaron efectos principales significativos para los factores Bloque, Sesión y Demora en la TA y en el TR, pero no para el factor del Grupo. Se encontraron efectos robustos de aprendizaje intrasesión e intersesiones, pero ningún efecto Grupo (tDCS anódica vs placebo) en el rendimiento de la memoria episódica o en los tests neuropsicológicos pre-post intervención. Sin embargo, los participantes que recibieron tDCS anódica mostraron un TR acortado en el intervalo de demora de 24 horas que mantuvieron una semana más tarde, mientras que los que recibieron tDCS placebo no mostraron acortamiento del TR a las 24 horas, pero si un aumento del TR una semana después. Estos resultados podrían indicar un sutil efecto modulador de la tDCS anódica en el decaimiento de la memoria en los intervalos de demora.

El protocolo experimental mostró su utilidad potencial para ser utilizado en muestras de participantes mayores sanos o con deterioro cognitivo leve

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Biografía del autor/a

Fernando Díaz, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela

Laboratorio de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain

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Publicado
11-08-2021
Cómo citar
Fernández, A., Cid-Fernández, S., & Díaz, F. (2021). Estimulación transcraneal por corriente eléctrica directa (tDCS). ¿Una herramienta efectiva para mejorar la memoria episódica en jóvenes?. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 37(3), 468–477. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.368341
Número
Sección
Cerebro y conducta: un enfoque neurocientífico/psicofisiológico