Programa de entrenamiento en actividad física para niños con obesidad

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.663001
Palabras clave: Hipodinamia, Hipertensión, Educación Física, Ejercicios Físicos, Gimnasia

Resumen

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el desarrollo físico de niños con obesidad después de participar en un programa de ejercicios físicos en la escuela. El experimento pedagógico incluyó a 188 escolares con obesidad (de 8 a 10 años). Durante 4 meses, los niños con obesidad realizaron clases junto con niños del grupo médico básico y participaron en ejercicios físicos adaptados a sus capacidades (etapa 1). Después de la medición de control, estos escolares realizaron educación física durante otros 4 meses siguiendo un programa especialmente diseñado para niños con obesidad (etapa 2). Después de la primera etapa de las clases de educación física, los niños con obesidad aumentaron su talla en 2,8 cm (+2,1%), su peso corporal aumentó en 1,9 kg (+3,9%), el índice de masa corporal (IMC) mejoró de 28,6±3,1 a 28,1±3,5 (-1,8%), y la capacidad vital pulmonar aumentó en 0,05 l (+4,5%). La diferencia entre los valores obtenidos y los iniciales no fue estadísticamente significativa (p>0,05), lo que puede indicar una baja eficacia del programa estándar de educación física para niños con obesidad. Después de la segunda etapa, como resultado de la aplicación del programa experimental, los escolares aumentaron su talla en promedio 4,3 cm (+3,1%), mientras que su peso corporal disminuyó de 51,2±7,9 kg a 47,9±7,7 kg (-6,9%). El IMC mejoró en 13,8% (p<0,05) y la capacidad vital pulmonar aumentó en 16,2% (p<0,05). Los resultados obtenidos pueden utilizarse en la organización del proceso de educación física adaptada para niños de primaria con sobrepeso en escuelas de educación general, tanto durante actividades extracurriculares como dentro de sistemas de educación complementaria.

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Publicado
18-07-2026
Cómo citar
Polevoy, G. (2026). Programa de entrenamiento en actividad física para niños con obesidad. SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana De Ciencias Del Deporte, 15, 69. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.663001
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