Efecto de dos técnicas diferentes de terapia manual para el tratamiento de la postura de la cabeza adelantada: Un estudio comparativo
Resumen
Antecedentes: La postura de la cabeza hacia adelante (FHP, por sus siglas en inglés) es una desalineación de la cabeza sobre el tronco que prolonga el momento externo al desplazar el centro gravitacional frente al eje que soporta la carga, causando estrés en los músculos suboccipitales con limitaciones de movimiento funcional y formación de puntos gatillo miofasciales (PGM). Objetivos: Comparar entre la técnica de inhibición del músculo suboccipital (SMIT) y la técnica de liberación progresiva de presión (PPRT) en el ángulo craneovertebral (CVA) y el rango de movimiento del cuello (ROM) en individuos con FHP y PGM suboccipitales activos. Métodos: Cuarenta y cinco sujetos fueron asignados aleatoriamente en tres grupos. El grupo A recibió ejercicio de corrección postural, el grupo B recibió SMIT y ejercicio de corrección postural, y el grupo C recibió PPRT suboccipital y ejercicio de corrección postural. Resultados: Se encontró significación estadística dentro y entre los grupos con respecto al ROM en todas las direcciones (P <0,05) excepto para la flexión del lado derecho e izquierdo entre los grupos A y B, que fue P = 0,54 y P = 0,67, respectivamente. CVA había mostrado resultados significativos dentro y entre los grupos (P <0,05), excepto para el grupo A versus el grupo B (P = 0,41). Conclusión: Ambas técnicas funcionan para aumentar el CVA y mejorar el ROM en individuos con FHP. Sin embargo, la PPRT suboccipital ha demostrado ser más eficaz.
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