Beneficios del ejercicio y/o actividad física en los cinco tipos de cáncer con mayor incidencia y mortalidad a nivel mundial: Una revisión narrativa
Resumen
Esta revisión tiene como objetivo declarar los beneficios del ejercicio físico y/o la actividad física en los cinco tipos de cáncer con mayor tasa mortalidad en el mundo. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos: Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo (Latinoamérica) y Medline. Los términos usados para la búsqueda fueron: “cáncer de pulmón”, “cáncer de hígado”, “cáncer de mama”, “cáncer de estómago”, “cáncer de colon”, “ejercicio físico”, “actividad física”, “ejercicio de resistencia” y “ejercicio aeróbico”. El ejercicio físico y la actividad física han demostrado beneficios tanto en variables morfológicas, metabólicas y psicológicas, teniendo un impacto positivo en el aumento de la funcionalidad, esperanza de vida y calidad de vida en pacientes con cáncer. El ejercicio aeróbico demostró mayores beneficios en el consumo de oxígeno, además de una alta adherencia, mientras que el entrenamiento de fuerza en una mayor capacidad específicamente en los miembros inferiores.
Descargas
Citas
Araghi, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jenkins, M., Brierley, J., Morris, E., Bray, F., & Arnold, M. (2019). Global trends in colorectal cancer mortality: projections to the year 2035. International journal of cancer, 144(12), 2992–3000. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.32055
Arnold, M., Sierra, M. S., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A., & Bray, F. (2017). Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer cancer incidence and mortality. Gut, 66(4), 683–691. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310912
Benzo, R., Wigle, D., Novotny, P., Wetzstein, M., Nichols, F., Shen, R. K., Cassivi, S., & Deschamps, C. (2011). Preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation before lung cancer resection: results from two randomized studies. Lung cancer, 74(3), 441–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.05.011
Berzigotti, A., Saran, U., & Dufour, J. F. (2016). Physical activity and liver diseases. Hepatology, 63(3), 1026–1040. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.28132
Brown, M. J., Morris, M. A., & Akam, E. C. (2023). Investigating the Effects of Indirect Coculture of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Migration of Breast Cancer Cells: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Breast cancer: basic and clinical research, 17, 11782234221145385. https://doi.org/10.1177/11782234221145385
Brown, J. C., Damjanov, N., Courneya, K. S., Troxel, A. B., Zemel, B. S., Rickels, M. R., Ky, B., Rhim, A. D., Rustgi, A. K., & Schmitz, K. H. (2018). A randomized dose-response trial of aerobic exercise and health-related quality of life in colon cancer survivors. Psycho-oncology, 27(4), 1221–1228. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4655
Campos, M. D. S. B., Feitosa, R. H. F., Mizzaci, C. C., Flach, M. D. R. T. V., Siqueira, B. J. M., & Mastrocola, L. E. (2022). The Benefits of Exercise in Breast Cancer. Os Benefícios dos Exercícios Físicos no Câncer de Mama. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 119(6), 981–990. https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220086
Cavalheri, V., Burtin, C., Formico, V. R., Nonoyama, M. L., Jenkins, S., Spruit, M. A., & Hill, K. (2019). Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 6(6), CD009955. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009955.pub3
Courneya, K. S., & Friedenreich, C. M. (1997). Relationship between exercise pattern across the cancer experience and current quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine, 3(3), 215–226. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.1997.3.215
Christensen, J. F., Jones, L. W., Andersen, J. L., Daugaard, G., Rorth, M., Hojman, P. (2014). Muscle dysfunction in cancer patients. Annals of oncology: official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 25(5), 947-958. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdt551
Chen, X., Shi, X., Yu, Z., Ma, X. (2023). High-intensity interval training in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer medicine, 10.1002/cam4.6387. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.6387
Cheng, T. D., Omilian, A. R., Yao, S., Sanchez, P. V., Polk, L. Z., Zhang, W., Datta, S., Bshara, W., Ondracek, R. P., Davis, W., Liu, S., Hong, C. C., Bandera, E. V., Khoury, T., & Ambrosone, C. B. (2020). Body fatness and mTOR pathway activation of breast cancer in the Women's Circle of Health Study. NPJ breast cancer, 6, 45. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41523-020-00187-4
Cheung DST, Takemura N, Lam TC, et al. Feasibility of Aerobic Exercise and Tai-Chi Interventions in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Integrative Cancer Therapies. 2021;20. doi:10.1177/15347354211033352
Conti, C. B., Agnesi, S., Scaravaglio, M., Masseria, P., Dinelli, M. E., Oldani, M., & Uggeri, F. (2023). Early Gastric Cancer: Update on Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(3), 2149. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032149
Denlinger, C. S., & Barsevick, A. M. (2009). The challenges of colorectal cancer survivorship. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network: JNCCN, 7(8), 883–894. https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2009.0058
Dhillon, H. M., Bell, M. L., van der Ploeg, H. P., Turner, J. D., Kabourakis, M., Spencer, L., Lewis, C., Hui, R., Blinman, P., Clarke, S. J., Boyer, M. J., & Vardy, J. L. (2017). Impact of physical activity on fatigue and quality of life in people with advanced lung cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Annals of oncology: official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 28(8), 1889–1897. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdx205
De Oliveira, A. E., Fernandes, G. A., E Silva, D. R. M., & Curado, M. P. (2023). The impact of the human development index on stomach cancer incidence in Brazil. Ecancermedicalscience, 17, 1552. https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2023.1552
Falz, R., Bischoff, C., Thieme, R., Lässing, J., Mehdorn, M., Stelzner, S., Busse, M., & Gockel, I. (2022). Effects and duration of exercise-based prehabilitation in surgical therapy of colon and rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 148(9), 2187–2213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-022-04088-w
Ferlay, J., Colombet, M., Soerjomataram, I., Parkin, D. M., Piñeros, M., Znaor, A., & Bray, F. (2021). Cancer statistics for the year 2020: An overview. International journal of cancer, 10.1002/ijc.33588. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33588
Fiorenza, M., Hostrup, M., Gunnarsson, T. P., Shirai, Y., Schena, F., Iaia, F. M., & Bangsbo, J. (2019). Neuromuscular Fatigue and Metabolism during High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 51(8), 1642–1652. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001959
Fisher, A., Beeken, R. J., Heinrich, M., Williams, K., & Wardle, J. (2016). Health behaviours and fear of cancer recurrence in 10 969 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Psycho-oncology, 25(12), 1434–1440. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4076
Fisher, H. M., Jacobs, J. M., Taub, C. J., Lechner, S. C., Lewis, J. E., Carver, C. S., Blomberg, B. B., & Antoni, M. H. (2017). How changes in physical activity relate to fatigue interference, mood, and quality of life during treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer. General hospital psychiatry, 49, 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.05.007
Hawley, J. A., Hargreaves, M., Joyner, M. J., & Zierath, J. R. (2014). Integrative biology of exercise. Cell, 159(4), 738–749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.029
Henkin, J. S., Rosa, D. D., Morelle, A. M., Caleffi, M., Pinto, S. S., & Pinto, R. S. (2022). Exercise volume load in women with breast cancer: Study protocol for the ABRACE randomized clinical trial. Contemporary clinical trials communications, 31, 101053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2022.101053
Hiensch, A. E., Monninkhof, E. M., Schmidt, M. E., Zopf, E. M., Bolam, K. A., Aaronson, N. K., Belloso, J., Bloch, W., Clauss, D., Depenbusch, J., Lachowicz, M., Pelaez, M., Rundqvist, H., Senkus, E., Stuiver, M. M., Trevaskis, M., Urruticoechea, A., Rosenberger, F., van der Wall, E., de Wit, G. A., … May, A. M. (2022). Design of a multinational randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of structured and individualized exercise in patients with metastatic breast cancer on fatigue and quality of life: the EFFECT study. Trials, 23(1), 610. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-022-06556-7
Himbert, C., Klossner, N., Coletta, A. M., Barnes, C. A., Wiskemann, J., LaStayo, P. C., Varghese, T. K., Jr, & Ulrich, C. M. (2020). Exercise and lung cancer surgery: A systematic review of randomized-controlled trials. Critical reviews in oncology/hematology, 156, 103086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103086
Hojman, P., Gehl, J., Christensen, J. F., & Pedersen, B. K. (2018). Molecular Mechanisms Linking Exercise to Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Cell metabolism, 27(1), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2017.09.015
Hoffman, M. D., & Hoffman, D. R. (2008). Exercisers achieve greater acute exercise-induced mood enhancement than nonexercisers. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 89(2), 358–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2007.09.026
Hursting, S. D., & Berger, N. A. (2010). Energy balance, host-related factors, and cancer progression. Journal of clinical oncology: official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 28(26), 4058–4065. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.27.9935
Johnsson, A., Demmelmaier, I., Sjövall, K., Wagner, P., Olsson, H., & Tornberg, Å. B. (2019). A single exercise session improves side-effects of chemotherapy in women with breast cancer: an observational study. BMC cancer, 19(1), 1073. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-019-6310-0
Jansen, L., Herrmann, A., Stegmaier, C., Singer, S., Brenner, H., & Arndt, V. (2011). Health-related quality of life during the 10 years after diagnosis of colorectal cancer: a population-based study. Journal of clinical oncology: official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 29(24), 3263–3269. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.31.4013
Jemal, A., Ward, E. M., Johnson, C. J., Cronin, K. A., Ma, J., Ryerson, B., Mariotto, A., Lake, A. J., Wilson, R., Sherman, R. L., Anderson, R. N., Henley, S. J., Kohler, B. A., Penberthy, L., Feuer, E. J., & Weir, H. K. (2017). Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2014, Featuring Survival. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 109(9), djx030. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djx030
Joaquim, A., Leão, I., Antunes, P., Capela, A., Viamonte, S., Alves, A. J., Helguero, L. A., & Macedo, A. (2022). Impact of physical exercise programs in breast cancer survivors on health-related quality of life, physical fitness, and body composition: Evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Frontiers in oncology, 12, 955505. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.955505
Kaibori, M., Matsui, K., Yoshii, K., Ishizaki, M., Iwasaka, J., Miyauchi, T., & Kimura, Y. (2019). Perioperative exercise capacity in chronic liver injury patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatectomy. PloS one, 14(8), e0221079. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221079
Kaatsch, P., Spix, C., Katalinic, A., Hentschel, S., Luttmann, S., Stegmaier, C., ... & Bertz, J. (2011). Gesellschaft der epidemiologischen Krebsregister in Deutschland eV Berlin: Robert Koch Institut, Germany; 2015. Krebs in Deutschland, 2012, 38-41
Kashyap, D., Pal, D., Sharma, R., Garg, V. K., Goel, N., Koundal, D., Zaguia, A., Koundal, S., & Belay, A. (2022). Global Increase in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors and Preventive Measures. BioMed research international, 2022, 9605439. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9605439
Keum, N., Bao, Y., Smith-Warner, S. A., Orav, J., Wu, K., Fuchs, C. S., & Giovannucci, E. L. (2016). Association of Physical Activity by Type and Intensity with Digestive System Cancer Risk. JAMA oncology, 2(9), 1146–1153. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.0740
Kim, J., Choi, W. J., & Jeong, S. H. (2013). The effects of physical activity on breast cancer survivors after diagnosis. Journal of cancer prevention, 18(3), 193–200. https://doi.org/10.15430/jcp.2013.18.3.193
Kumar, R., & Garcea, G. (2018). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in hepato-biliary & pancreas cancer surgery - A systematic review: ¿Are we any further than walking up a flight of stairs? International journal of surgery, 52, 201–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.02.019
Ligibel, JA, Giobbie-Hurder, A., Shockro, L., Campbell, N., Partridge, AH, Tolaney, SM, Lin, NU y Winer, EP (2016), Ensayo aleatorizado de una intervención de actividad física en mujeres con cáncer de mama metastásico. Cáncer, 122, 1169-1177. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29899
Lee, M. K., & Oh, J. (2021). Patient-Reported Outcomes of Regular Aerobic Exercise in Gastric Cancer. Cancers, 13(9), 2080. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13092080
Lee J. (2020). Associations between Physical Activity and Liver Cancer Risks and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(23), 8943. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238943
Marquina Escalante, F., Lévano Díaz, C., & Fuster Guillén, D. (2023). Nuevos avances terapéuticos en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón inmunosuprimidos con enfermedades crónicas pulmonares en el periodo 2014-2022 a partir de la revisión de la literatura [New therapeutic advances in patients with lung cancer immunosuppressed with chronic lung diseases in the period 2014-2022 from the review of the literature.]. Revista española de salud pública, 97, e202302015.
Müller, V., Bartsch, R., Lin, N. U., Montemurro, F., Pegram, M. D., & Tolaney, S. M. (2023). Epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and unmet needs of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer and brain metastases: A systematic literature review. Cancer treatment reviews, 115, 102527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102527
McTiernan, A., Friedenreich, C. M., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Powell, K. E., Macko, R., Buchner, D., Pescatello, L. S., Bloodgood, B., Tennant, B., Vaux-Bjerke, A., George, S. M., Troiano, R. P., Piercy, K. L., & 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee (2019). Physical Activity in Cancer Prevention and Survival: A Systematic Review. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 51(6), 1252–1261. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001937
McDonald, J., Sayers, J., Anker, S. D., Arends, J., Balstad, T. R., Baracos, V., Brown, L., Bye, A., Dajani, O., Dolan, R., Fallon, M. T., Fraser, E., Griel, C., Grzyb, A., Hjermstad, M., Jamal-Hanjani, M., Jakobsen, G., Kaasa, S., McMillan, D., Maddocks, M., … Cancer Cachexia Endpoints Working Group (2023). Physical function endpoints in cancer cachexia clinical trials: Systematic Review 1 of the cachexia endpoints series. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 14(5), 1932–1948. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13321
Ma, H., Ursin, G., Xu, X., Lee, E., Togawa, K., Malone, K. E., Marchbanks, P. A., McDonald, J. A., Simon, M. S., Folger, S. G., Lu, Y., Sullivan-Halley, J., Deapen, D. M., Press, M. F., & Bernstein, L. (2018). Body mass index at age 18 years and recent body mass index in relation to risk of breast cancer overall and ER/PR/HER2-defined subtypes in white women and African-American women: a pooled analysis. Breast cancer research: BCR, 20(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-017-0931-5
Minnella, E. M., Awasthi, R., Loiselle, S. E., Agnihotram, R. V., Ferri, L. E., & Carli, F. (2018). Effect of Exercise and Nutrition Prehabilitation on Functional Capacity in Esophagogastric Cancer Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA surgery, 153(12), 1081–1089. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2018.1645
Naito, T., Mitsunaga, S., Miura, S., Tatematsu, N., Inano, T., Mouri, T., Tsuji, T., Higashiguchi, T., Inui, A., Okayama, T., Yamaguchi, T., Morikawa, A., Mori, N., Takahashi, T., Strasser, F., Omae, K., Mori, K., & Takayama, K. (2019). Feasibility of early multimodal interventions for elderly patients with advanced pancreatic and non-small-cell lung cancer. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 10(1), 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12351
Peddle-McIntyre, C. J., Singh, F., Thomas, R., Newton, R. U., Galvão, D. A., & Cavalheri, V. (2019). Exercise training for advanced lung cancer. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2(2), CD012685. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012685.pub2
Pinto, B. M., Dunsiger, S. I., Kindred, M. M., & Mitchell, S. (2022). Physical Activity Adoption and Maintenance Among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Trial of Peer Mentoring. Annals of behavioral medicine: a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, 56(8), 842–855. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaab078
Püschel, K., Coronado, G., Soto, G., Gonzalez, K., Martinez, J., Holte, S., & Thompson, B. (2010). Strategies for increasing mammography screening in primary care in Chile: results of a randomized clinical trial. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 19(9), 2254–2261. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0313
Piñeros, M., Sierra, M. S., & Forman, D. (2016). Descriptive epidemiology of lung cancer and current status of tobacco control measures in Central and South America. Cancer epidemiology, 44 Suppl 1, S90–S99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2016.03.002
Pereira-Rodríguez, Javier Eliecer, Santamaría-Pérez, Karla Noelly, Ceballos-Portilla, Fernando, Corrales, Fabio Andrés, Parra-Rojas, Glenda Liliana, & Viloria-Madrid, Alejandra Patricia. (2022). Ejercicio físico y el riesgo de cáncer hepático. Revista científica ciencias de la salud, 4(1), 24-37. Epub June 00, 2022.https://doi.org/10.53732/rccsalud/04.01.2022.24
Poorolajal, J., Moradi, L., Mohammadi, Y., Cheraghi, Z., & Gohari-Ensaf, F. (2020). Risk factors for stomach cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiology and health, 42, e2020004. https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020004
Parra-Soto, Solange, Petermann-Rocha, Fanny, Martínez-Sanguinetti, María Adela, Leiva-Ordeñez, Ana María, Troncoso-Pantoja, Claudia, Ulloa, Natalia, Diaz-Martínez, Ximena, & Celis-Morales, Carlos. (2020). Cáncer en Chile y en el mundo: una mirada actual y su futuro escenario epidemiológico. Revista médica de Chile, 148(10), 1489-1495. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872020001001489
Picon-Ruiz, M., Morata-Tarifa, C., Valle-Goffin, J. J., Friedman, E. R., & Slingerland, J. M. (2017). Obesity and adverse breast cancer risk and outcome: Mechanistic insights and strategies for intervention. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 67(5), 378–397. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21405
Rutkowska, A., Jastrzebski, D., Rutkowski, S., Żebrowska, A., Stanula, A., Szczegielniak, J., Ziora, D., & Casaburi, R. (2019). Exercise Training in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer During In-Hospital Chemotherapy Treatment: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention, 39(2), 127–133. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0000000000000410
Rosero, I. D., Ramírez-Vélez, R., Lucia, A., Martínez-Velilla, N., Santos-Lozano, A., Valenzuela, P. L., Morilla, I., & Izquierdo, M. (2019). Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Controlled Trials on Preoperative Physical Exercise Interventions in Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers, 11(7), 944. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11070944
Ratziu, V., Bonyhay, L., Di Martino, V., Charlotte, F., Cavallaro, L., Sayegh-Tainturier, M. H., Giral, P., Grimaldi, A., Opolon, P., & Poynard, T. (2002). Survival, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma in obesity-related cryptogenic cirrhosis. Hepatology, 35(6), 1485–1493. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2002.33324
Red de Colaboración para la Carga Global de Morbilidad. Estudio de carga global de enfermedades 2019 (GBD 2019) Estimaciones de exposición a la contaminación del aire 1990–2019. Instituto de Métricas y Evaluación de la Salud (IHME), Seattle, WA, 2021. https://doi.org/10.6069/70JS-NC54
Ríos, Juvenal A., Barake, M. Francisca, Arce, María José, López-Köstner, Francisco, Labbe, Tomas P., Villena, Jessica, & Becerra, Sergio. (2020). The present situation of colorectal cancer in Chile. Revista médica de Chile, 148(6), 858-867. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872020000600858
Rogers, B. H., Brown, J. C., Gater, D. R., & Schmitz, K. H. (2017). Association Between Maximal Bench Press Strength and Isometric Handgrip Strength Among Breast Cancer Survivors. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 98(2), 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.07.017
Rumgay, H., Arnold, M., Ferlay, J., Lesi, O., Cabasag, C. J., Vignat, J., Laversanne, M., McGlynn, K. A., & Soerjomataram, I. (2022). Global burden of primary liver cancer in 2020 and predictions to 2040. Journal of hepatology, 77(6), 1598–1606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2022.08.021
Singh, B., Spence, R., Steele, M. L., Hayes, S., & Toohey, K. (2020). Exercise for Individuals with Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Adverse Events, Feasibility, and Effectiveness. Seminars in oncology nursing, 36(5), 151076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2020.151076
Scott, J. M., Thomas, S. M., Herndon, J. E., 2nd, Douglas, P. S., Yu, A. F., Rusch, V., Huang, J., Capaci, C., Harrison, J. N., Stoeckel, K. J., Nilsen, T., Edvardsen, E., Michalski, M. G., Eves, N. D., & Jones, L. W. (2021). Effects and tolerability of exercise therapy modality on cardiorespiratory fitness in lung cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 12(6), 1456–1465. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12828
Sebio García, R., Yáñez-Brage, M. I., Giménez Moolhuyzen, E., Salorio Riobo, M., Lista Paz, A., & Borro Mate, J. M. (2017). Preoperative exercise training prevents functional decline after lung resection surgery: a randomized, single-blind controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation, 31(8), 1057–1067. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215516684179
Sohn, W., Lee, H. W., Lee, S., Lim, J. H., Lee, M. W., Park, C. H., & Yoon, S. K. (2021). Obesity and the risk of primary liver cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical and molecular hepatology, 27(1), 157–174. https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2020.0176
Santos, W. D. N. D., Vieira, A., de Lira, C. A. B., Mota, J. F., Gentil, P., de Freitas Junior, R., Battaglini, C. L., Bottaro, M., & Vieira, C. A. (2019). Once a Week Resistance Training Improves Muscular Strength in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Integrative cancer therapies, 18, 1534735419879748. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735419879748
Sung, H., Ferlay, J., Siegel, R. L., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A., & Bray, F. (2021). Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 71(3), 209–249. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
Soriano-Maldonado, A., Carrera-Ruiz, Á., Díez-Fernández, D. M., Esteban-Simón, A., Maldonado-Quesada, M., Moreno-Poza, N., García-Martínez, M. D. M., Alcaraz-García, C., Vázquez-Sousa, R., Moreno-Martos, H., Toro-de-Federico, A., Hachem-Salas, N., Artés-Rodríguez, E., Rodríguez-Pérez, M. A., & Casimiro-Andújar, A. J. (2019). Effects of a 12-week resistance and aerobic exercise program on muscular strength and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: Study protocol for the EFICAN randomized controlled trial. Medicine, 98(44), e17625. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017625
Siewierska, K., Malicka, I., Kobierzycki, C., Grzegrzolka, J., Piotrowska, A., Paslawska, U., Cegielski, M., Podhorska-Okolow, M., Dziegiel, P., & Wozniewski, M. (2020). Effect of Physical Training on the Levels of Sex Hormones and the Expression of Their Receptors in Rats with Induced Mammary Cancer in Secondary Prevention Model - Preliminary Study. In vivo (Athens, Greece), 34(2), 495–501. https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.11800
Shaikh, H., Bradhurst, P., Ma, L. X., Tan, S. Y. C., Egger, S. J., & Vardy, J. L. (2020). Body weight management in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 12(12), CD012110. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012110.pub2
Seidell J. C. (2010). Waist circumference and waist/hip ratio in relation to all-cause mortality, cancer and sleep apnea. European journal of clinical nutrition, 64(1), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2009.71
Şahin, M. E. H., Akbaş, F., Yardimci, A. H., & Şahin, E. (2023). The effect of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity on survival in gastric cancer. BMC cancer, 23(1), 911. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11423-y
Simonsen, C., Thorsen-Streit, S., Sundberg, A., Djurhuus, S. S., Mortensen, C. E., Qvortrup, C., Pedersen, B. K., Svendsen, L. B., de Heer, P., & Christensen, J. F. (2020). Effects of high-intensity exercise training on physical fitness, quality of life and treatment outcomes after oesophagectomy for cancer of the gastro-oesophageal junction: PRESET pilot study. BJS open, 4(5), 855–864. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs5.50337
Sociedad Estadounidense del Cáncer. Centro de estadísticas del cáncer. Disponible: http://cancerstatisticscenter.cancer.org
Vallance, J. K., Boyle, T., Courneya, K. S., & Lynch, B. M. (2015). Accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary time among colon cancer survivors: associations with psychological health outcomes. Journal of cancer survivorship: research and practice, 9(3), 404–411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-014-0409-8
Van den Beuken-van Everdingen, M. H., Peters, M. L., de Rijke, J. M., Schouten, H. C., van Kleef, M., & Patijn, J. (2008). Concerns of former breast cancer patients about disease recurrence: a validation and prevalence study. Psycho-oncology, 17(11), 1137–1145. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1340
Wilkinson, L., & Gathani, T. (2022). Understanding breast cancer as a global health concern. The British journal of radiology, 95(1130), 20211033. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20211033
Wirtz, P., & Baumann, F. T. (2018). Physical Activity, Exercise and Breast Cancer - What Is the Evidence for Rehabilitation, Aftercare, and Survival? A Review. Breast care (Basel, Switzerland), 13(2), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1159/000488717
Wiskemann, J., Hummler, S., Diepold, C., Keil, M., Abel, U., Steindorf, K., Beckhove, P., Ulrich, C. M., Steins, M., & Thomas, M. (2016). POSITIVE study: physical exercise program in non-operable lung cancer patients undergoing palliative treatment. BMC cancer, 16, 499. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-016-2561-1
Xie, F., You, Y., Huang, J., Guan, C., Chen, Z., Fang, M., Yao, F., & Han, J. (2021). Association between physical activity and digestive-system cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of sport and health science, 10(1), 4–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.09.009
Yin, W., Wang, J., Jiang, L., & James Kang, Y. (2021). Cancer and stem cells. Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.), 246(16), 1791–1801. https://doi.org/10.1177/15353702211005390
Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:
1. El Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (la editorial) conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y favorece y permite la reutilización de las mismas bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2013
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica.
