Impact of competitive learning method on the accuracy of direct free kicks in football among male university students
Abstract
The objective of the present research was to study the impact of the competitive learning method on the accuracy of direct free kicks in football among male university students. The research community was composed of the 90 third-year male students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of the University of Al-Qadisiyah, in the academic year 2020-2021. A total of 24 of these 90 students were randomly selected for the research sample, and they were equally divided into two experimental groups of 12 students. The experimental group 1 used only the competitive learning method, while the experimental group 2 used the competitive learning method and the Football Jumping Wall Device. The statistical analyses were carried out with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The competitive learning method significantly improved the accuracy of direct free kicks in football among male university students. The combination of competitive learning method with the use of the Football Jumping Wall Device was more effective than the use of the competitive learning method alone. Therefore, the authors recommend the combined use of the competitive learning method and the Football Jumping Wall Device to improve the accuracy of direct free kicks in football among male university students.
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The works and papers that are published in this Journal are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publication Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) has the Publication Rights (Copyright) to the published papers and works, and favors and permits the reusing of the same under the license indicated in point 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2013
2. The papers and works are to be published in the digital edition of the Journal under the license Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Obra Derivada 3.0 España (legal text). The copying, using, spreading, transmitting and publicly displaying of the papers, works or publication are permitted as long as: i) the authors and original sources (Journal, publisher and URL of the publication) are quoted; ii) it is not used for commercial benefit; iii) the existence and specifications of this users license are mentioned.
3. Conditions of Self-Archiving. It is permitted and encouraged that the authors spread electronically the pre-print (before printing) and/or post-print (the revised, evaluated and accepted) versions of their papers or works before their publication since this favors their circulation and early diffusion and therefore can help increase their citation and quotation, and also there reach through the academic community.
