Aggressive behavior in Indonesian football: Relationship between attitudes towards the field referee's leadership and team cohesiveness

Authors

  • Amin Akbar Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia.
  • Zulakbal Abd Karim Sultan Idris Education University, Malaysia.
  • Ciptro Handrianto Sultan Idris Education University, Malaysia.
  • Rizal Kurniawan Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia.
  • Rinaldi Rinaldi Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.578681
Keywords: Aggressive Behavioral Tendencies, Attitudes, Leadership, Team Cohesiveness

Abstract

This study examined the aggressive tendencies of Indonesian professional football players, and the relationship between team cohesion and views of referee leadership. Also, the study looked at referee leadership's views from the perspective of team cohesiveness. The relational model was used as the foundation for the survey carried out as part of this investigation. Ninety professional football players from Indonesia's Liga Satu Gojek-Traveloka participated in the inquiry, which was carried out with their cooperation. A scale named "attitude toward the referee's leadership scale," a scale titled "team cohesion scale," and a scale titled "aggressiveness behavioral tendencies scale" were utilised as research instruments. The study showed an inverse association between the cohesiveness measure and the players' tendency to engage in aggressive conduct. In addition, there may be an inverse relationship between the propensity to engage in violent conduct and the attitude quality associated with leadership in the role of a referee.0

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Published
04-12-2025
How to Cite
Akbar, A., Abd Karim, Z., Handrianto, C., Kurniawan, R., & Rinaldi, R. (2025). Aggressive behavior in Indonesian football: Relationship between attitudes towards the field referee’s leadership and team cohesiveness. SPORT TK-EuroAmerican Journal of Sport Sciences, 14, 135. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.578681
Issue
Vol. 14 (2025)
Section
Articles

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The works and papers that are published in this Journal are subject to the following terms:

1. The Publication Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) has the Publication Rights (Copyright) to the published papers and works, and favors and permits the reusing of the same under the license indicated in point 2.

© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2013

2. The papers and works are to be published in the digital edition of the Journal under the license Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Obra Derivada 3.0 España (legal text). The copying, using, spreading, transmitting and publicly displaying of the papers, works or publication are permitted as long as: i) the authors and original sources (Journal, publisher and URL of the publication) are quoted; ii) it is not used for commercial benefit; iii) the existence and specifications of this users license are mentioned.

3. Conditions of Self-Archiving. It is permitted and encouraged that the authors spread electronically the pre-print (before printing) and/or post-print (the revised, evaluated and accepted) versions of their papers or works before their publication since this favors their circulation and early diffusion and therefore can help increase their citation and quotation, and also there reach through the academic community.