Community attachment as a mediating variable in the relationship between residents' perceived impact on sports tourism and support for the sector.
Abstract
The field of sports tourism is receiving increasing attention from various social actors, due to the important impact this economic sector has on various sectors of society. Once a locality becomes a tourist destination, the attachment of local residents will be affected by its development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse residents' perceptions of the impact of active-sport tourism, community attachment and support for the sector. The results of the study indicate that the higher the level of people's positive perception of the social, cultural, environmental and economic impacts, the higher the support for tourism development. On the other hand, there is also a mediating influence of people's attachment to the community between the relationship of perceived impacts and support for active-sport tourism development. These findings provide a better understanding of people's perspectives for active-sport tourism, which can help guide future decisions regarding tourism practice, development and planning.
Downloads
References
Alguacil, M., Pérez-Campos, C., Berenguer, S. A., & Boquera, J. (2016). ¿La celebración de un evento promociona la ciudad como destino turístico entre los deportistas?. SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte, 5(1), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.6018/25413
Almeida-García, F., Balbuena-Vázquez, A., & Cortes-Macías, R. (2015). Resident's attitudes towards the impacts of tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 13, 33-40.
Andriotis, K. (2005). Community groups' perceptions of and preferences for tourism development: Evidence from Crete. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 29(1), 67- 90.
Balduck, A. L., Maes, M., & Buelens, M. (2011). The social impact of the Tour de France: Comparisons of residents' pre-and post- event perceptions. European Sport Management Quarterly, 11(2), 91-113.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173.
Bartolomé, A., Ramos, V., & Rey-Maquieira, J. (2009). Residents' Attitudes Towards Diversification Sports Tourism in the Balearics. Tourism Recreation Research, 34(1), 55-65.
Bujosa-Bestard, A., & Roselló-Nadal, J. (2007). Modelling environmental attitudes toward tourism. Tourism Management, 28(3), 688-695.
Chandralal, K. (2010). Impacts of tourism and community attitudes towards tourism: A case study in Sri Lanka. South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage, 3(2), 41-49.
Chang, M. X., Choong, Y. O., & Ng, L. P. (2020). Local residents’ support for sport tourism development: the moderating effect of tourism dependency. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 24(3), 215-234.
Chen, Y., Cottam, E., & Lin, Z. (2020). The effect of resident-tourist value co-creation on residents’ well-being. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 44, 30-37.
Choi, H. C., & Murray, I. (2010). Resident attitudes toward sustainable community tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(4), 575-594. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580903524852
Deccio, C., & Baloglu, S. (2002). Nonhost community resident reactions to the 2002 Winter Olympics: The spillover impacts. Journal of Travel Research, 41(1), 46-56.
Dumitru, T. (2012). The impact of tourism development on urban environment. Studies in Business & Economics, 7(3), 160-164.
Dyer, P., Gursoy, D., Sharma, B., & Carter, J. (2007). Structural modeling of resident perceptions of tourism and associated development on the Sunshine Coast, Australia. Tourism Management, 28(2), 409-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.002
Fernández-Muñoz, J. J., y García-González, J. M. (2017). El análisis de mediación a través de la macro/interfaz Process para SPSS. Revista d’Innovació i Recerca en Educació, 10(2), 79- 88. https://doi.org/10.1344/reire2017.10.218109.
Fredline, E. (2005). Host and guest relations and sport tourism. Sport in Society, 8(2), 263-279. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430430500087328
Garau-Vadell, J; Gutiérrez-Taño, D. & Díaz-Armas, R.J. (2016). Economic crisis and residents’ perception of the impacts of tourism in mass tourism destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 7, 68-75. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.08.008.
Gibson, H. (2017). Sport tourism and theory and other developments: some reflections. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 21(2), 153-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2017.1319514
González-García, R. J., Añó, V., Parra-Camacho, D., y Calabuig, F. (2018). Perception of residents about the impact of sports tourism on the community: Analysis and scale-validation. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 18(1), 149-156.
González-García, R. J., Parra-Camacho, D., Añó, V. & Calabuig, F. (2016). Percepción de los residentes sobre el impacto del Mundobasket 2014 en Gran Canaria y apoyo a la celebración de eventos deportivos. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología del Ejercicio y el Deporte, 11(2), 279-288.
Gursoy, D., Yolal, M., Ribeiro, M. A., & Panosso Netto, A. (2017). Impact of trust on local residents’ mega-event perceptions and their support. Journal of Travel Research, 56(3), 393-406. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516643415
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. New York, NY: The Guilford Press
Hritz, N., & Ross, C. (2010). The perceived impacts of sport tourism: An urban host community perspective. Journal of Sport Management, 24(2), 119-138.
Jaafar, M., Noor, S. M., & Rasoolimanesh, S. M. (2015). Perception of young local residents toward sustainable conservation programmes: A case study of the Lenggong World Cultural Heritage Site. Tourism Management, 48, 154-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.10.018
Joo, D., Cho, H., & Woosnam, K. M. (2019). Exploring tourists' perceptions of tourism impacts. Tourism Management Perspectives, 31, 231-235.
Karadakis, K., & Kaplanidou, K. (2012). Legacy perceptions among host and non-host Olympic Games residents: A longitudinal study of the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games. European Sport Management Quarterly, 12(3), 243-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2012.680067
Kyle, G., Graefe, A., Manning, R., & Bacon, J. (2004). Predictors of behavioral loyalty among hikers along the Appalachian Trail. Leisure Sciences, 26(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400490272675
Látková, P., & Vogt, C. A. (2012). Residents’ attitudes toward existing and future tourism development in rural communities. Journal of Travel Research, 51(1), 50-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510394193
Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development. Tourism Management, 34, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.03.007
McCool, S. F., & Martin, S. R. (1994). Community attachment and attitudes toward tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 32(3), 29-34.
McGehee, N. G., & Andereck, K. L. (2004). Factors predicting rural residents’ support of tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 43(2), 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287504268234
Medina, F. X., & Sánchez, R. (2005). Actividad físico-deportiva, turismo y desarrollo local en España. PASOS, Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio cultural, 3(1), 97-107. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2005.03.006
Nasseef, M. A., Alshayeb, H., Ojilat, J., & Alshafiee, M. (2017). The effect of sport tourism management on support for tourism development. Journal of Management and Strategy, 8(3), 20-34.
Nicholas, L. N., Thapa, B., & Ko, Y. J. (2009). Residents' perspectives of a world heritage site: the Pitons Management Area, St. Lucia. Annals of Tourism Research, 36(3), 390-412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2009.03.005
Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2012). Power, trust, social exchange and community support. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 997-1023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.11.017
Olya, H. G., & Gavilyan, Y. (2017). Configurational models to predict residents’ support for tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 56(7), 893-912. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516667850
Page, S. J., & Hall, C. M. (2014). The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place and space. New York, NY: Routledge.
Parra-Camacho, D., González-García, R.J. & Alonso-Dos-Santos, M. (2021). Social impact of a participative small-scale sporting event, Sport, Business and Management, 11(2), 109-124. https://doi.org/10.1108/SBM-12-2019-0119
Parra, D., Añó, V., Calabuig, F., & Ayora, D. (2016). Percepción de los residentes sobre el legado de la America’s Cup. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 16(1), 309-322.
Perdue, R. R., Long, P. T., & Allen, L. (1990). Resident support for tourism development. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(4), 586- 599. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(90)90029-Q
Ram, Y., Björk, P., & Weidenfeld, A. (2016). Authenticity and place attachment of major visitor attractions. Tourism Management, 52, 110-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.06.010
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Ringle, C. M., Jaafar, M., & Ramayah, T. (2017). Urban vs. rural destinations: Residents’ perceptions, community participation and support for tourism development. Tourism Management, 60, 147-158.
Ryan, C., Chaozhi, Z., & Zeng, D. (2011). The impacts of tourism at a UNESCO heritage site in China–a need for a meta-narrative? The case of the Kaiping Diaolou. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(6), 747-765.
Saha, S., & Yap, G. (2014). The moderation effects of political instability and terrorism on tourism development: A cross- country panel analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 53(4), 509- 521. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513496472
Sánchez Fernández, P., Salgado Barandela, J., Rodríguez Rodríguez, A., & Barajas Alonso, A. (2016). Impacto económico del XXI Campeonato de España “Open” de Invierno Master de Natación de Pontevedra 2015. SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte, 5, 169–180. https://doi.org/10.6018/254191
Sheldon, P. J., & Var, T. (1984). Resident attitudes to tourism in North Wales. Tourism Management, 5(1), 40-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(84)90006-2
Simpson, K., & Bretherton, P. (2009). The impact of community attachment on host society attitudes and behaviours towards visitors. Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development, 6(3), 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790530903363431
Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Sociological Methodology, 13, 290-312.
Stylidis, D. (2018). Place attachment, perception of place and residents’ support for tourism development. Tourism Planning & Development, 15(2), 188-210.
Stylidis, D., Biran, A., Sit, J., & Szivas, E. M. (2014). Residents' support for tourism development: The role of residents' place image and perceived tourism impacts. Tourism Management, 45, 260-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.05.006
Verbos, R. I., Altschuler, B., & Brownlee, M. T. (2017). Weather Studies in Outdoor Recreation and Nature-Based Tourism: A Research Synthesis and Gap Analysis. Leisure Sciences, 12, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2017.1325794
Wang, S., & Chen, J. S. (2015). The influence of place identity on perceived tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 52, 16-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2015.02.016
Wang, S., & Xu, H. (2015). Influence of place-based senses of distinctiveness, continuity, self-esteem and self-efficacy on residents' attitudes toward tourism. Tourism Management, 47, 241-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.10.007
Ward, C., & Berno, T. (2011). Beyond social exchange theory: Attitudes toward tourists. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1556-1569.
Weed, M. & Bull, C. (2004). Sports Tourism: Participants, policy and providers. Oxford: Elsevier
Woo, E., Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2018). Tourism impact and stakeholders’ quality of life. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(2), 260-286.
Zare, S., Zarei, A., & Tejari, F. (2020). Análisis del turismo deportivo de nostalgia en los aficionados de fútbol de la Copa del Golfo Pérsico. SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte, 9(2), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.431191
Zhao, X., Lynch Jr, J. G., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197-206. https://doi.org/10.1086/651257
The works and papers that are published in this Journal are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publication Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) has the Publication Rights (Copyright) to the published papers and works, and favors and permits the reusing of the same under the license indicated in point 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2013
2. The papers and works are to be published in the digital edition of the Journal under the license Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Obra Derivada 3.0 España (legal text). The copying, using, spreading, transmitting and publicly displaying of the papers, works or publication are permitted as long as: i) the authors and original sources (Journal, publisher and URL of the publication) are quoted; ii) it is not used for commercial benefit; iii) the existence and specifications of this users license are mentioned.
3. Conditions of Self-Archiving. It is permitted and encouraged that the authors spread electronically the pre-print (before printing) and/or post-print (the revised, evaluated and accepted) versions of their papers or works before their publication since this favors their circulation and early diffusion and therefore can help increase their citation and quotation, and also there reach through the academic community.
The works and papers that are published in this Journal are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publication Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) has the Publication Rights (Copyright) to the published papers and works, and favors and permits the reusing of the same under the license indicated in point 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2013
2. The papers and works are to be published in the digital edition of the Journal under the license Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Obra Derivada 3.0 España (legal text). The copying, using, spreading, transmitting and publicly displaying of the papers, works or publication are permitted as long as: i) the authors and original sources (Journal, publisher and URL of the publication) are quoted; ii) it is not used for commercial benefit; iii) the existence and specifications of this users license are mentioned.
3. Conditions of Self-Archiving. It is permitted and encouraged that the authors spread electronically the pre-print (before printing) and/or post-print (the revised, evaluated and accepted) versions of their papers or works before their publication since this favors their circulation and early diffusion and therefore can help increase their citation and quotation, and also there reach through the academic community.
