Interpretación del concepto de pasivo en la contabilidad de arrendamientos

Interpretation of the concept of liabilities in lease accounting

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/rcsar.538161
Palabras clave: NIIF 16, Pasivo, Normas basadas en principios, Pagos variables, Plazo del arrendamiento

Resumen

La reforma de la contabilidad de los arrendamientos para los arrendatarios ha supuesto un cambio importante que ha requerido la interpretación del concepto de activo y pasivo. El proyecto de arrendamientos surgió de la falta de información sobre el pasivo de la entidad, ya que algunos usuarios consideraban que los compromisos por arrendamiento operativo debían reconocerse como pasivos de la entidad.
Los conceptos son fundamentales en una norma basada en principios. La NIIF 16 fue una norma controvertida y sometida a fuertes presiones, especialmente por parte de los preparadores, y en el proceso de deliberación no solo intervinieron posiciones conceptuales. Dado que una norma basada en principios debe interpretarse de acuerdo con dichos principios, este trabajo examina las decisiones interpretativas adoptadas tras la adopción de la NIIF 16 para analizar si son coherentes con los conceptos utilizados en la norma, en particular el concepto de pasivo.
Nuestros resultados muestran que la norma y el fundamento de sus conclusiones han necesitado aclaraciones o, en algunos casos, se han interpretado de forma incoherente con los criterios conforme a los cuales se emitió la NIIF 16. Argumentamos que estas desviaciones se han producido porque la base de conclusiones de la NIIF 16 no refleja claramente el concepto de pasivo y sugerimos que es necesaria una interpretación explícita de los conceptos, ya sea en la norma o en la literatura doctrinal; de lo contrario, la norma podría abandonar su vocación de regulación basada en principios. Nuestras conclusiones son relevantes para los responsables de la elaboración de normas, en particular para el IASB a la hora de abordar la revisión posterior a la aplicación de la NIIF 16, y para los preparadores y auditores que deben aplicar la norma.

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Publicado
02-01-2025
Cómo citar
Molina-Sánchez, H., de Vicente-Lama, M., & Ortiz-Gómez, M. del M. (2025). Interpretación del concepto de pasivo en la contabilidad de arrendamientos: Interpretation of the concept of liabilities in lease accounting. Revista de Contabilidad - Spanish Accounting Review, 28(1), 57–70. https://doi.org/10.6018/rcsar.538161
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