Información sobre Riesgo de Mercado por los Mayores Bancos Mundiales: Evidencia sobre la Diversidad en la Elaboración de Información Financiera e Implicaciones para la Armonización Contable e Internacional.
Market risk reporting by the world’s top banks: evidence on the diversity of reporting practice and the implications for international accounting harmonisation
Resumen
La adopción de las normas internacionales de contabilidad y la convergencia global de la regulación contable, se exhibe frecuentemente como forma de reducir la diversidad en la elaboración de información financiera. Dado que este proceso parece inducido en gran medida por los intereses de las corporaciones internacionales y de los mercados financieros globales, cabría esperar que las mayores corporaciones financieras multinacionales presentaran un gran nivel de convergencia.
En este trabajo se aborda este tema de investigación. El análisis de datos longitudinales correspondientes al periodo 2000-2006, de los 25 mayores bancos del mundo, revela que todavía existe una diversidad sustancial en relación a las prácticas de divulgación de riesgo de mercado, tanto en su cálculo numérico como en su forma narrativa. La importancia de los resultados está subrayada por la ilimitada escala de exposición al riesgo por parte del sector bancario que ha quedado al descubierto en la actual crisis financiera global. Las prácticas sobre divulgación financiera documentadas en el trabajo presentan grandes divergencias no sólo entre distintos países sino también entre distintos bancos de un mismo país, por lo que puede alcanzarse la firme conclusión de que, al menos en términos de información sobre riesgo de mercado, el progreso hacia la armonización internacional sigue siendo más aparente que real.
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