Preferencias laborales de los estudiantes de Grado de Enfermería de la Universidad La Laguna
Resumo
Introducción: Diversos estudios reflejan que determinadas áreas temáticas-clínicas despiertan mayor interés respecto a otras en los estudiantes de enfermería, lo cual repercute en las preferencias laborales de los recién graduados. Esto produce desequilibrios en las organizaciones sanitarias, imposibilitando cubrir determinados servicios.
Objetivo: Identificar las preferencias laborales de los estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad de La Laguna según áreas temáticas clínicas una vez finalicen sus estudios de grado.
Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, con componente analítico. La población a estudio estuvo compuesta por los estudiantes de 3º y 4º curso de Enfermería de la Universidad La Laguna. Se recogieron diferentes variables sociodemográficas, así como cuestiones sobre las preferencias laborales de los estudiantes. Se realizó mediante el programa estadístico IBM SPSS v19 un análisis descriptivo y un análisis inferencial (test estadístico X2 de Pearson o el estadístico de Fisher para las variables cualitativas y la prueba de T-Student para la comparación de medias para las cuantitativas) con el fin de explorar la asociación entre las distintas variables.
Resultados: La muestra total fue de 153 estudiantes (n=153). La tasa de respuesta fue 53,50%. Las áreas más preferidas fueron Urgencias y Emergencias (Media=3,04±1,05) y Enfermería General (Media=2,54±0,96), mientras las menos favorables fueron “Otras Áreas (docencia-gestión investigación)” (Media=1,10±1,22) y Quirófano y Anestesia (Media=1,58±1,23).
Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de enfermería mostraron una mayor disposición por trabajar en unas áreas respecto a otras. Es necesario generar nuevas estrategias con el fin de mejorar la atracción de los estudiantes de enfermería hacia determinadas áreas clínicas.
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