Estrategias para involucrar al paciente y a la familia en la mejora de los objetivos de Seguridad del Paciente en el hospital: una revisión del alcance
Agencias de apoyo
- Hasanuddin University
Resumen
Objetivo: Explorar y mapear estrategias para involucrar al paciente y la familia en la mejora de la seguridad del paciente en el hospital, e identificar factores de apoyo e inhibición que influyen en estas estrategias.
Fuente de datos: La revisión de alcance de literatura científica y gris (2014-2024) se realizó siguiendo el marco de Arkey y O’Malley, recopilando estudios de nueve bases de datos y mediante búsqueda manual. Los estudios incluidos se centran en la participación del paciente y la familia en la seguridad del paciente y los desafíos enfrentados. El protocolo del estudio está registrado en el Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/st).
Resultados: Los esfuerzos para involucrar al paciente y la familia incluyen herramientas como listas de verificación, capacitación del personal, programas de comunicación y encuestas de perspectiva del paciente. Los factores de apoyo incluyen educación y capacitación, mientras que los inhibidores son la baja alfabetización en salud y las limitaciones financieras.
Conclusión: La participación del paciente y la familia en la seguridad del paciente ha mostrado avances, pero requiere un enfoque multidimensional. Esto implica educación, capacitación, políticas del sistema y colaboración comunitaria —aún escasa— junto con apoyo financiero e instalaciones adecuadas. Es necesaria mayor investigación para profundizar en los factores que influyen en la participación y las formas de superar los desafíos..
Palabras clave: participación familiar; atención hospitalaria; participación del paciente; objetivos de seguridad del paciente.
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