Diferencias entre los profesionales de enfermería y medicina respecto a la cultura de la seguridad del paciente quirúrgico
Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar si la percepción de la cultura de la seguridad de los pacientes quirúrgicos difiere entre los profesionales de enfermería y medicina que trabajan en una institución educativa pública brasileña.
Método: Survey, estudio transversal realizado en un hospital en el sur de Brasil. El cuestionario Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture fue aplicado a 158 profesionales entre mayo y septiembre de 2017. Las 12 dimensiones se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales y pruebas de coherencia interna. Las dimensiones con índices del 75% se consideraron reforzadas.
Resultados: Hubo fragilidad en la cultura de seguridad, con un índice más bajo en la dimensión “Respuesta no punitiva al error”, con 23,9% y 13,9%, respectivamente, entre la enfermería y la medicina. Las puntuaciones más positivas fueron consideradas por la enfermería en ocho dimensiones, con diferencia (p<0.05) en relación con los profesionales médicos.
Conclusión: La cultura de seguridad difiere entre las dos categorías profesionales, con respuestas más positivas por la enfermería; sin embargo, son necesarias acciones para fortalecer la seguridad de los pacientes quirúrgicos en ambos grupos profesionales.
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