El rol moderador de la eficacia percibida de las medidas de prevención frente al COVID-19 en la relación entre la percepción de riesgo y la salud mental percibida.

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.515681
Palabras clave: COVID-19, Depresión, Eficacia percibida de las medidas de protección, Percepción de riesgo, Moderación, Estrés

Resumen

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha llevado a los países a adoptar severas y prolongadas medidas que —junto con el alto número de contagios y muertes y la continua información negativa— ha afectado la salud mental de las personas. Este estudio analiza el impacto de la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 en España explorando el rol moderador de la eficacia percibida de las medidas de contención en la relación que establece la percepción del riesgo del COVID-19 con el estrés y la depresión. Un total de 478 adultos residentes en España (un 66.9% mujeres; Medad = 36.30, DT = 15.32) completaron un cuestionario con escalas concebidas para medir el riesgo percibido del COVID-19, la eficacia percibida de las medidas de protección, el estrés y la depresión entre el 16 de mayo y el 6 de junio de 2021. Los resultados confirmaron el rol moderador de la eficacia percibida, la cual actuó como un factor protector del estrés y la depresión al disminuir el impacto negativo que la percepción de riesgo del COVID-19 tiene en ambas variables relacionadas con el distrés mental. La percepción que tienen los individuos sobre la efectividad de las medidas de protección parece ser un factor protector relevante en relación con la salud mental durante una pandemia. Se subraya la relevancia de intervenciones psicológicas y de políticas gubernamentales que mejoren la comunicación positiva del riesgo y la información adecuada sobre la eficacia de las medidas de protección.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

American Psychological Association. (2021). APA Dictionary of Psychology. https://dictionary.apa.org/risk-perception

Ammar, A., Trabelsi, K., Brach, M., Chtourou, H., Boukhris, O., Masmoudi, L., Bouaziz, B., Bentlage, E., How, D., Ahmed, M., Mueller, P., Mueller, N., Hammouda, O., Paineiras-Domingos, L., Braakman-jansen, A., Wrede, C., Bastoni, S., Pernambuco, C., Mataruna, L., … Hoekelmann, A. (2021). Effects of home confinement on mental health and lifestyle behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak: Insight from the ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study. Biology of Sport, 38(1), 9–21. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.96857

Ausín, B., González-Sanguino, C., Castellanos, M. Á., & Muñoz, M. (2021). Gender-related differences in the psychological impact of confinement as a consequence of COVID-19 in Spain. Journal of Gender Studies, 30(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2020.1799768

Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8

Bults, M., Beaujean, D. J., de Zwart, O., Kok, G., van Empelen, P., van Steenbergen, J. E., Richardus, J. H., & Voeten, H. A. (2011). Perceived risk, anxiety, and behavioural responses of the general public during the early phase of the Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in the Netherlands: results of three consecutive online surveys. BMC Public Health, 11(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-2

Cohen, J., & Kupferschmidt, K. (2020). Countries test tactics in ‘war’ against COVID-19. Science, 367(6484), 1287-1288. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6484.1287

Coronavirus Resource Center. (2023). COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Enginee. Johns Hopkins University & Medicine.

Cuadrado, E., Arenas, A., Moyano, M., & La Gamma, M. (2023). Development and validation of the COVID-19 Worries and Fears Scale. International Journal of Public Health, 67. https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604600

Cuadrado, E., Arenas, A., Moyano, M., & Tabernero, C. (2021). Differential impact of stay‐at‐home orders on mental health in adults who are homeschooling or “childless at home” in time of COVID‐19. Family Process, famp.12698. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12698

Cuadrado, E., Rich-Ruiz, M., Gutiérrez-Domingo, T., Luque, B., Castillo-Mayén, R., Villaécija, J., & Farhane-Medina, N. Z. (2023). Regulatory emotional self-efficacy and anxiety in times of pandemic: a gender perspective. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2022.2158831

Dai, W., Meng, G., Zheng, Y., Li, Q., Dai, B., & Liu, X. (2021). The Impact of Intolerance of Uncertainty on Negative Emotions in COVID-19: Mediation by Pandemic-Focused Time and Moderation by Perceived Efficacy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 4189. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084189

González-Sanguino, C., Ausín, B., Castellanos, M. A., Saiz, J., & Muñoz, M. (2021). Mental health consequences of the Covid-19 outbreak in Spain. A longitudinal study of the alarm situation and return to the new normality. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 107, 110219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110219

Goodman, L. A. (1961). Snowball Sampling. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 32(1), 148-170. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177705148

Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis. Guilford Press.

Helliwell, J. F., & Huang, H. (2008). How’s Your Government? International Evidence Linking Good Government and Well-Being. British Journal of Political Science, 38(4), 595-619. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123408000306

Herrero, M. J., Blanch, J., Peri, J. M., de Pablo, J., Pintor, L., & Bulbena, A. (2003). A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) in a Spanish population. General Hospital Psychiatry, 25(4), 277–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-8343(03)00043-4

Hrynick, T., Ripoll, S., & Schmidt-Sane, M. (2020). Repaso rápido: Reticencia a las vacunas y desarrollo de la confianza en la vacunación contra el COVID-19 [Quick review: Vaccine hesitancy and building confidence in COVID-19 vaccination]. Briefing, Brighton: Social Science in Humanitarian Action (SSHAP). https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle /20.500.12413/15794/SSHAP_Vaccine Hesitancy_LA.ES.pdf?sequen-ce=16&isAllowed=y

Lam, S. C., Arora, T., Grey, I., Suen, L. K. P., Huang, E. Y., Li, D., & Lam, K. B. H. (2020). Perceived risk and protection from infection and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers in mainland China and Hong Kong during COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00686

Li, X., & Lyu, H. (2021). Epidemic risk perception, perceived stress, and mental health during COVID-19 pandemic: A moderated mediating model. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.563741

Mækelæ, M. J., Reggev, N., Dutra, N., Tamayo, R. M., Silva-Sobrinho, R. A., Klevjer, K., & Pfuhl, G. (2020). Perceived efficacy of COVID-19 restrictions, reactions and their impact on mental health during the early phase of the outbreak in six countries. Royal Society Open Science, 7(8), 200644. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200644

Mendoza-Llanos, R., & Moyano-Díaz, E. (2019). Hacia la validación del SUSESO ISTAS 21 versión breve en trabajadores de hospitales públicos [Towards the validation of SUSESO ISTAS 21 short version in public hospital workers]. Terapia Psicológica, 37(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48082019000100015

Meng, G., Li, Q., Yuan, X., Zheng, Y., Hu, K., Dai, B., & Liu, X. (2023). The roles of risk perception, negative emotions and perceived efficacy in the association between COVID-19 infection cues and preventive behaviors: a moderated mediation model. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 109. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14870-7

Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Andrés, R., Moreno, N., & Molinero, E. (2014). Manual del método CoPsoQ-istas21 (versión 2) para la evaluación y la prevención de los riesgos psicosociales [Manual of the CoPsoQ-istas21 method (version 2) for the evaluation and prevention of psychosocial risks]. https://copsoq.istas21.net/ficheros/documentos/v2/manual%20Copsoq%202(24-07-2014).pdf

Mouso, J. (2021). España se quita la mascarilla en la calle en un paso más hacia la normalidad [Spain takes off the mask in the street in a step towards normality]. El País. https://elpais.com/sociedad/2021-06-26/espana-se-quita-la-mascrilla-en-la-calle-401-dias-despues.html

Mumtaz, A., Manzoor, F., Jiang, S., & Anisur Rahaman, M. (2021). COVID-19 and mental health: A study of stress, resilience, and depression among the older population in Pakistan. Healthcare, 9(4), 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9040424

Pieh, C., Budimir, S., Humer, E., & Probst, T. (2021). Comparing mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown and 6 months after the lockdown in Austria: A longitudinal study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625973

Pierce, M., McManus, S., Hope, H., Hotopf, M., Ford, T., Hatch, S. L., John, A., Kontopantelis, E., Webb, R. T., Wessely, S., & Abel, K. M. (2021). Mental health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: a latent class trajectory analysis using longitudinal UK data. The Lancet Psychiatry, 8(7), 610–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00151-6

Serpas, D. G., & Ignacio, D. A. (2022). COVID-19 fear mediates the relationship between perceived risk and preventive behaviors: the moderating role of perceived effectiveness. Psychology & Health, 37(12), 1457-1470. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1980566

Sheeran, P., Harris, P. R., & Epton, T. (2014). Does heightening risk appraisals change people’s intentions and behavior? A meta-analysis of experimental studies. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 511-543. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033065

Sicouri, G., March, S., Pellicano, E., De Young, A. C., Donovan, C. L., Cobham, V. E., Rowe, A., Brett, S., Russell, J. K., Uhlmann, L., & Hudson, J. L. (2023). Mental health symptoms in children and adolescents during COVID-19 in Australia. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 57(2), 213–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674221090174

Tull, M. T., Edmonds, K. A., Scamaldo, K. M., Richmond, J. R., Rose, J. P., & Gratz, K. L. (2020). Psychological outcomes associated with stay-at-home orders and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on daily life. Psychiatry Research, 289, 113098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113098

van der Linden, S., Roozenbeek, J., & Compton, J. (2020). Inoculating against fake news about COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566790

Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729

Yıldırım, M., Arslan, G., & Özaslan, A. (2020). Perceived risk and mental health problems among healthcare professionals during COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring the mediating effects of resilience and coronavirus fear. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20, 1035-1045. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00424-8

Yıldırım, M., & Güler, A. (2021). Positivity explains how COVID-19 perceived risk increases death distress and reduces happiness. Personality and Individual Differences, 168, 110347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110347

Publicado
01-01-2024
Cómo citar
Cuadrado, E., Farhane-Medina, N. Z., Tabernero, C., Gutiérrez-Domingo, T., & Villaécija, J. (2024). El rol moderador de la eficacia percibida de las medidas de prevención frente al COVID-19 en la relación entre la percepción de riesgo y la salud mental percibida. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 40(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.515681
Número
Sección
Psicología clínica y de la salud

Artículos más leídos del mismo autor/a

Publication Facts

Metric
This article
Other articles
Peer reviewers 
2,4 promedio

Reviewer profiles  N/D

Author statements

Author statements
This article
Other articles
Data availability 
N/A
16%
External funding 
N/D
32% con financiadores
Competing interests 
N/D
11%
Metric
Para esta revista
Other journals
Articles accepted 
Artículos aceptados: 52%
33% aceptado
Days to publication 
655
145

Indexado: {$indexList}

Editor & editorial board
profiles
Academic society 
N/D
Editora: 
Editum - Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (España)