Parental divorce, interparental conflict, and parent-child relationships in Spanish young adults

Authors

  • Klara Smith Etxeberria Universidad del país vasco
  • Amaia Eceiza University of the Basque Country (Spain)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.343041
Keywords: Parental divorce, Interparental conflict, Parent-child relationships, Young adulthood

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to analyze the associations between parental divorce and interparental conflict with father-child and mother-child relationship quality, in a Spanish young adult sample. The moderating effect of adult child´s gender was also analyzed. Using a sample of 1,078 Spanish young adults, our results suggested that interparental conflict was more strongly associated with lower mother-child and father-child relationship quality, and that parental divorce was more strongly associated with father-child relationship quality than with mother-child relationship quality. In addition, adult child´s gender only moderated the effect of parental divorce on father-child relationship quality, such that women from divorced families score lower on father-child relationship quality than women from non-divorced families. Findings add to the existing literature and promote a better comprehension of the complex associations between parental divorce and conflict with parent-child relationship quality in an understudied cultural context.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Amato, P. R. (1994). Father-children relations, mother-children relations, and offspring psychological well-being in early adulthood. Journal of marriage and the family, 56(4), 1031-1042. doi: 10.2307/353611

Amato, P. R. (2000). The consequences of divorce for adults and children. Journal of marriage and the family, 62(4), 1269-1287. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.01269.x

Amato, P. R. (2001). Children of divorce in the 1990s: An update of the Amato and Keith (1991) meta-analysis. Journal of Family Psychology, 15(3), 355-370. doi: 10.1037//0893-3200.15.3.355

Amato, P.R. (2014). The consequences of divorce for adults and children: an update. Društvena istraživanja, 23, 5-24. doi: 10.5559/di.23.1.01

Amato, P. R., & Afifi, T. D. (2006). Feeling caught between parents: Adult children's relations with parents and subjective well-being. Journal of marriage and family, 68(1), 222-235. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2006.00243.x

Amato, P. R., & Booth, A. (1996). A prospective study of divorce and parent-child relationships. Journal of marriage and the family, 58(2), 356-365. doi: 10.2307/353501

Amato, P. R., & Sobolewski, J. M. (2001). The effects of divorce and marital discord on adult children's psychological well-being. American Sociological Review, 66(6), 900-921. doi: 10.2307/3088878

Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment: Relationships to well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454. doi: 10.1007/BF02202939

Arnett, J. J. (2015). Emerging adulthood: the winding road from the late teens through the twenties. New York: Oxford University Press.

Bartell, D. S. (2006). Influence of parental divorce on romantic relationships in young adulthood: a cognitive-developmental perspective. In M. A. Fine & J. H. Harvey (Eds.), Handbook of Divorce and Relationship Dissolution (pp. 339-360). New York: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Booth, A., & Amato, P. R. (1994). Parental marital quality, parental divorce, and relations with parents. Journal of marriage and the family, 56(1), 21-34. doi: 10.2307/352698

Booth, A., & Amato, P. R. (2001). Parental predivorce relations and offspring postdivorce well-being. Journal of marriage and family, 63(1), 197-212. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2001.00197.x

Bowlby, J. (1969/1982). Attachment and loss: Attachment (Vol. I). New York: Basic Books.

Bretherton, I. & Page, T. (2004). Shared or conflicting working models?: Relationships in postdivorce families seen through the eyes of mothers and their preschool children. Development and Psychopathology, 16, 551-575

Carranza, L. V., Kilmann, P. R., & Vendemia, J. M. C. (2009). Links between parent characteristics and attachment variables for college students of parental divorce. Adolescence, 44(174), 253-271.

Cooney, T. M., Hutchinson, M. K., & Leather, D. M. (1995). Surviving the breakup: predictors of parent-adult child relations after parental divorce. Family Relations, 44(2), 153-161. doi: 10.2307/584802

Cui, M., & Fincham, F. D. (2010). The differential effects of parental divorce and marital conflict on young adult romantic relationships. Personal Relationships, 17(3), 331-343. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01279.x

Dawson, J. F. (2014). Moderation in management research: what, why, when and how. Journal of Business Psychology, 29, 1-19. doi: 10.1007/s10869-013-9308-7

DeBoard-Lucas, R. L., Fosco, G. M., Raynor, S. R., & Grych, J. H. (2010). Interparental conflict in context: exploring relations between parenting processes and children´s conflict appraisals. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39(2), 163-175. doi: 10.1080/15374410903532593

Feeney, B.C. & Money, J.K. (2016). Divorce through the lens of attachment theory. In J. Cassidy & P.R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of Attachment: theory, research and applications (pp. 941-965). New York: The Guilford Press.

Fraley, R. C., & Heffernan, M. E. (2013). Attachment and parental divorce: a test of the diffusion and sensitive period hypotheses. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(9), 1199-1213. doi: 10.1177/0146167213491503

Grych, J. H., Seid, M., & Fincham, F. D. (1992). Assessing marital conflict from the child´s perspective: The Children´s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale. Child Development, 63(3), 558-572. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1992.tb01646.x

Hannum, J. W., & Dvorak, D. M. (2004). Effects of family conflict, divorce, and attachment patterns on the psychological distress and social adjustment of college freshmen. Journal of College Student Development, 45(1), 27-42. doi: 10.1353/csd.2004.0008

Hayashi, G. M., & Strickland, B. R. (1998). Long-term effects of parental divorce on love relationships: Divorce as attachment disruption. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 15(1), 23-38. doi: 10.1177/0265407598151002

Henry, K., & Holmes, J. G. (1997). Childhood revisited: the intimate relationships of individuals from divorced and conflict-ridden families. In W. S. Rholes & J. A. Simpson (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 280-316). New York: The Guilford Press.

Hetherington, E. M., y Kelly, J. (2002). For better or for worse: Divorce reconsidered. Nueva York: Norton.

Iraurgi, I., Martinez-Pampliega, A., Iriarte, L., y Sanz, M. (2011). Modelo cognitivo-contextual del conflicto interparental y la adaptación de los hijos.[A cognitive-contextual framework of the marital conflict and children´s adjustment] Anales De Psicologia, 27(2), 562-573.

Iraurgi, I., Martínez-Pampliega, A., Sanz, M., Cosgaya, L., Galíndez, E., & Muñoz, A. (2008). Escala de Conflicto Interparental de los Hijos (CPIC): Estudio de validación de una versión abreviada de 36 ítems. [Children´s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scales (CPIC): Validation study of a sort version of 36 items]. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica, 1(25), 9-34.

Kelly, J. B., & Emery, R. E. (2003). Children's adjustment following divorce: Risk and resilience perspectives. Family Relations, 52(4), 352-362. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00352.x

King, V. (2002). Parental divorce and interpersonal trust in adult offspring. Journal of marriage and family, 64(3), 642-656. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00642.x

Lee, S.A. (2018). Parental divorce, relationships with fathers and mothers, and children´s romantic relationships in young adulthood. Journal of Adult Development, 25(2), 121-134. doi: 10.1007/s10804-017-9279-4.

Monè, J. G., & Biringen, Z. (2006). Perceived parent-child alienation: empirical assessment of parent-child relationships within divorced and intact families. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage, 45(3/4), 131-156. doi: 10.1300/J087v45n03_07

Riggio, H. R. (2004). Parental marital conflict and divorce, parent-child relationships, social support, and relationship anxiety in young adulthood. Personal Relationships, 11(1), 99-114. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2004.00073.x

Riggio, H. R., & Valenzuela, A. M. (2011). Parental marital conflict and divorce, parent-child relationships, and social support among Latino-American young adults. Personal Relationships, 18(3), 392-409. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01305.x

Ross, J., & Fuertes, J. (2010). Parental Attachment, Interparental Conflict, and Young Adults' Emotional Adjustment. Counseling Psychologist, 38(8), 1050-1077. doi: 10.1177/0011000010376094

Sobolewski, J. M., & Amato, P. R. (2007). Parents´ discord and divorce, parent-child relationships and subjective well-being in early adulthood: Is feeling close to two parents always better than feeling close to one? Social forces, 85(3), 1105-1124. doi: 10.1353/sof.2007.0056

Sturge-Apple, M. L., Davies, P. T., & Cummings, E. M. (2006). Impact of hostility and withdrawal in interparental conflict on parental emotional unavailability and children's adjustment difficulties. Child Development, 77(6), 1623-1641. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00963.x

Sutherland, K.E., Altenhofen, S. & Biringen, Z. (2012). Emotional availability during mother-child interactions in divorcing and intact married families. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage, 53, 126-141.

Wallerstein, J.S., Lewis, J., & Packer Rosenthal, S. (2013). Mothers and their children after divorce: Report from a 25-year longitudinal study. Psychoanalitic Psychology, 30, 167-184.

Waters, E., Merrick, S., Treboux, D., Crowell, J., & Albersheim, L. (2000). Attachment security in infancy and early adulthood: A twenty-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 71(3), 684-689. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00176

Wheaton, B. (1990). Life Transitions, Role Histories, and Mental Health. American sociological review, 55(2), 209-223. doi: 10.2307/2095627

Yárnoz-Yaben, S., & Garmendia, A. (2015). Parental divorce and emerging adults’ subjective well-being: The role of “carrying messages”. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(2), 638-646. doi: 10.1007/s10826-015-0229-0

Yu, T. Y., Pettit, G. S., Lansford, J. E., Dodge, K. A., & Bates, J. E. (2010). The Interactive Effects of Marital Conflict and Divorce on Parent - Adult Children's Relationships. Journal of marriage and family, 72(2), 282-292. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00699.x

Published
01-01-2021
How to Cite
Smith-Etxeberria, K., & Eceiza, A. (2021). Parental divorce, interparental conflict, and parent-child relationships in Spanish young adults. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 37(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.343041
Issue
Section
Clinical and Health Psychology