The PID -5 Inventory: the dimensional profile of DSM5 to guide diagnosis and therapeutic needs in personality disorders.
Abstract
The PID-5 Inventory of the American Psychiatric Association evaluates personality and related disorders based on the dimensional trait model (DSM-5 Section III), which guides individual diagnosis and therapeutic needs. We analysed its usefulness as it was applied to patients that had been referred to a Day Hospital for Personality Disorders. In the sample of 85 subjects, 51 % had Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), and 47 % had Personality Disorder NOS or Mixed (PD-NOS/MP), 65 % presenting comorbid clinical disorders. Among the BPD group, 89 % were women, 53 % were under 30 years old; they presented a PID-5 profile of greater severity, the Negative Affect and Disinhibition Domains stood out, as well as the facets of depression, impulsivity, anhedonia and distraction. Their borderline symptoms (BEST scale) were of greater intensity, they used fewer symptom coping strategies and more avoidance strategies (COPE-28 inventory). Among the PD-NOS/MP group, 58 % are women, 80 % were aged over 30 years, and negative affectivity, especially anxiety, stood out in their PID-5 profile. Both groups show borderline and avoidant features in the IPDE screening. The PID-5 was useful for confirming specific diagnoses (BPD), for describing the trait profile as well as proposing the specific therapeutic needs of both BPD and PD-NOS/MP patients.
Downloads
References
Al-Dajani, N., Gralnick, Tm., Bagby. Rm.A. (2016). Psychometric Review of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5): Current Status and Future Directions. J Pers Assessment. 98(1):62-81.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013) Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales, DSM-5. Editorial Panamericana. 5ª edición.
Anderson, J., Snider, S., Sellbom, M., Krueger, R., Hopwood, C. 2014. A comparison of the DSM-5 Section II and Section III personality disorder structures. Psychiatry Res. May 30;216(3):363-72.
Anderson, J.L., Sellbom, M., Bagby, R.M., Quilty, L.C., Veltri, C., Markon K.E., & Krueger, R.F. (2013). On the convergence between PSY-5 domains and PID-5 domains and facets: Implications for assessment of DSM-5 personality traits. Assessment, 20, 286-294.
Bastiaens, T., Claes, L., Smits, D., Clercq, B., De Fruyt, F., Rossi, G, ... De Hert M. 2016. The Construct Validity of the Dutch Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Personality Disorders (PID-5) in a Clinical Sample. Assessment. Feb;23 (1):42-51
Black, D.W., Allen, J., St. John, D., Pfohl, B., McCormick, B., & Blum N. (2009). Predictors of response to Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) for borderline personality disorder: an exploratory study. Acta Psychiatr Scand. Jul; 120(1): 53–61. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01340.x
Black, DW., Blum, N., Pfohl, B., St John, D. (2004) The STEPPS group treatment program for outpatients with borderline personality disorder. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. ;34:193–210
Blum, N., Pfohl, B., St John, D., Monahan, P., Black, DW. (2002) STEPPS: A cognitive behavioral systems based group treatment for outpatients with borderline personality disorder-A preliminary report. Comprehensive Psychiatry. ;43:301–310.
Carver, C.S. (1989) Assesing coping strategies: A theoretical based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 56,267-283.
Caspi, A., Roberts, B.W. & Shiner, R. L. (2005). Personality development: Stability and change. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 453–484.
Costa, P. T. & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The NEO Personality Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 4, 5–13.
Crespo, M. & Cruzado, JA. (1997) La evaluación del afrontamiento: adaptación española del cuestionario COPE con una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. Análisis y Modificación de conducta, 23, 797-830.
Echeburúa, E. Salaberría, K. Cruz-Sáez, M. (2014) Aportaciones y limitaciones del DSM5 desde la psicología clínica. Terapia psicológica, Vol. 32, Nº 1, 65-74
Esbec, E., Echeburúa, E. (2014) La evaluación de los trastornos de la personalidad según el DSM-5: recursos y limitaciones. Terapia Psicologica, Vol. 32, Nº 3, 255-264
Fórum de Salud Mental y AIAQS, coordinadores (2011). Guía de práctica clínica sobre trastorno límite de la personalidad. Barcelona: Agència d’Informació, Avaluació i Qualitat en Salut. Servei Català de la Salut. Pla Director de Salut Mental i Addiccions. Departament de Salut. Generalitat de Catalunya.
García-Lopez, M.T. (2010) Tratamiento Integral del Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad. Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq.,30 (106), 263-278.
Glenn, CR. Klonsky, ED. (2009) Emotion dysregulation as a core feature of borderline personality disorder. J Pers Disord. Feb;23(1):20-8. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2009.23.1.20
Gratz, KL., Moore, KE., Tull, MT. (2016). The role of emotion dysregulation in the presence, associated difficulties, and treatment of borderline personality disorder. Personality Disorder. Oct;7(4):344-353.
Gutiérrez, F., Aluja, A., Peri1, JM., Calvo, N., Ferrer, M., Baillés, E.,… and Krueger R.F. (2015) Psychometric Properties of the Spanish PID-5 in a Clinical and a Community Sample. Assessment 1–11.
Krueger, RF., Derringer, J., Markon, KE., Watson, D., Skodol, AE. 2014. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5)—Adult. American Psychiatric Association
Krueger, R.F., Derringer, J., Markon, K.E., Watson, D., y Skodol, A.E. (2010). Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5. Psychological. Medicine, 42, 1879-1890.
López-Ibor, Jj., Pérez, A., Rubio, V. Coord. (1996). Examen Internacional de los Trastornos de la Personalidad, Modulo DSM-IV. OMS.
Morán, C., Landero, R. & González, M.T. (2010). COPE-28: un análisis psicométrico de la versión en español del Brief COPE. Universitas Psychologica, 9 (2), 543-552.
Organización Mundial de la Salud (1995). International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE)- DSM-IV module.
Pfohl, B., Blum, N., St John, D., McCormick, B., Allen, J., Black, DW. (2009) Reliability and validity of the Borderline Evaluation of Severity Over Time (BEST): a self-rated scale to measure severity and change in persons with borderline personality disorder. J Pers Disord. Jun;23(3):281-93.
Quilty, LC., Ayearst, L., Chmielewski, M., Pollock, BG., Bagby, RM. (2013) The psychometric properties of the personality inventory for DSM-5 in an APA DSM-5 field trial sample. Assessment. Jun;20(3):362-9.
Rosenthal, MZ., Gratz, KL., Kosson, DS., Cheavens, JS., Lejuez, CW., Lynch TR. (2008). Borderline personality disorder and emotional responding: a review of the research literature. Clin Psychol Rev. Jan;28(1):75-91.
Rufino, K.A., Ellis, T.E., Clapp, J., Pearte, C..& Fowler, J. C. (2017) Variations of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder: a latent profile analysis approach with adult psychiatric inpatients. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation 4:17. DOI 10.1186/s40479-017-0068-2
Santiago S.(2013). Tratando la Inestabilidad Emocional. Terapia Icónica. 3ªed. Madrid: Pirámide.
Silva Duarte M.I. (2014) Personalidad, estrés percibido y estrategias de afrontamiento en estudiantes universitarios. Tesis Doctoral, Universidad de León.
Thomas, A., Widiger, T.A., Presnall, J.R. (2013) Clinical Application of the Five-Factor Model Journal of Personality 81:6, December. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12004
Verardi, S., Nicastro, R., McQuillan, A., Keizer, I. & Rossier, J. (2008). The personality profile of borderline personality disordered patients using the five-factor modelof Personality. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, Vol. 8, Nº 2, pp. 451-464
The works published in this journal are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publications Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) retains the property rights (copyright) of published works, and encourages and enables the reuse of the same under the license specified in paragraph 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2022
2. The works are published in the online edition of the journal under a Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 (legal text). You can copy, use, distribute, transmit and publicly display, provided that: i) you cite the author and the original source of publication (journal, editorial and URL of the work), ii) are not used for commercial purposes, iii ) mentions the existence and specifications of this license.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
3. Conditions of self-archiving. Is allowed and encouraged the authors to disseminate electronically pre-print versions (version before being evaluated and sent to the journal) and / or post-print (version reviewed and accepted for publication) of their works before publication, as it encourages its earliest circulation and diffusion and thus a possible increase in its citation and scope between the academic community. RoMEO Color: Green.
