Efecto de agregar ejercicios de fortalecimiento de alta intensidad a la fisioterapia convencional en atletas con síndrome de pinzamiento del hombro: un ensayo controlado aleatorizado

Autores/as

  • Abdallah Gamiel Departamento de Fisioterapia para Trastornos Musculoesqueléticos y Cirugía, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Universidad de El Cairo, Giza, Egipto / Departamento de Fisioterapia para Trastornos Musculoesqueléticos y Cirugía, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Universidad Moderna de Tecnología e Información (MTI), Giza, Egipto.
  • Nadia Abdelazeem Fayaz Departamento de Fisioterapia para Trastornos Musculoesqueléticos y Cirugía, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Universidad de El Cairo, Giza, Egipto.
  • Mohamed Amr Departamento de Cirugía Ortopédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Ain Shams, El Cairo, Egipto.
  • Nagwa Aboelwafa Departamento de Fisioterapia para Trastornos Musculoesqueléticos y Cirugía, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Universidad de El Cairo, Giza, Egipto.
  • Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Departamento de Fisioterapia para Trastornos Musculoesqueléticos y Cirugía, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Universidad de El Cairo, Giza, Egipto.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.695421
Palabras clave: Ejercicios de Fortalecimiento de Alta Intensidad, Fisioterapia, Síndrome de Pinzamiento del Hombro, Lanzamiento, Atleta de Brazo por Encima de la Cabeza

Resumen

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar el efecto de agregar ejercicios de fortalecimiento de alta intensidad (HISE) al programa de fisioterapia convencional en atletas con síndrome de pinzamiento del hombro (SIS). Treinta y dos atletas con SIS fueron asignados aleatoriamente y de manera equitativa a dos grupos: grupo HISE (n=16) y grupo de fisioterapia convencional (n=16). El grupo HISE recibió tanto HISE como el programa de fisioterapia convencional, mientras que el grupo de fisioterapia convencional recibió únicamente el programa de fisioterapia convencional. Ambos grupos completaron un total de 18 sesiones, con una frecuencia de 3 sesiones/semana durante seis semanas. Las medidas de resultado incluyeron la función y el rendimiento del hombro, la fuerza muscular de los rotadores externos e internos y del músculo supraespinoso, la distancia acromio-humeral a 0° y 90° de abducción activa, y el grosor del tendón supraespinoso. Se observó una mejora significativa en el rendimiento del hombro (p=0,029), la fuerza muscular de los rotadores externos a 0° de abducción (p<0,001) y a 90-90° de abducción/rotación externa (p<0,001), los rotadores internos a 0° de abducción (p=0,001) y a 90-90° de abducción/rotación externa (p=0,001), y del músculo supraespinoso (p<0,001), así como en la distancia acromio-humeral a 0° (p=0,031) y 90° de abducción activa (p<0,001) y el grosor del tendón supraespinoso (p=0,009) en el grupo HISE en comparación con el grupo de fisioterapia convencional después del tratamiento. Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas en la función del hombro (p=0,259). Se concluye que la adición de HISE progresivos supervisados al programa de fisioterapia convencional en atletas con SIS mejora el rendimiento del hombro, la fuerza muscular, la distancia acromio-humeral y el grosor del tendón supraespinoso.

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Publicado
31-12-2025
Cómo citar
Gamiel, A., Abdelazeem Fayaz, N., Amr, M., Aboelwafa, N., & Mohamed Ibrahim, M. (2025). Efecto de agregar ejercicios de fortalecimiento de alta intensidad a la fisioterapia convencional en atletas con síndrome de pinzamiento del hombro: un ensayo controlado aleatorizado. SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana De Ciencias Del Deporte, 14, 164. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.695421
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