Optimizing instructional approaches to improve poomsae performance in young Taekwondo practitioners
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate strategies aimed at enhancing the performance of young taekwondo practitioners in the execution of intricate formal exercises integrated into their training regimen. The study employed virtual reality technology in the form of the FitXR VR fitness app, compatible with Meta Quest 2 VR, to train our taekwondo-poomsae practitioners. The participants were divided into two groups, each comprising 15 practitioners (12-14 years old). Group 1, consisting of both male and female participants, underwent training using traditional training methods (TTP), while Group 2 received instruction through integrated training methods (ITM), also inclusive of male and female participants. The integrated training method (ITM) involved the incorporation of virtual reality technology alongside traditional training techniques. Coaches conducted assessments of practitioners' performance in two stages: initially at the commencement of training (pre-training), and subsequently upon completion of training (post- training). The analysis of results indicated a notable improvement in practitioners' performance with the integrated training method (ITM) when compared to the traditional training method (TTM). Moreover, the integrated training method (ITM) demonstrated a twofold enhancement in practitioners' balancing skills, agility, and endurance in comparison to the traditional training method (TTM). This highlights the efficacy of integrating virtual reality technology into the training process, emphasizing its potential to significantly augment practitioners' overall performance and proficiency in executing complex formal exercises within the domain of taekwondo.
Downloads
-
Abstract251
-
PDF121
References
Aksen Cengizhan, P., Cobanoglu, G., Gokdogan, C. M., Zorlular, A., Akaras, E., Erikoglu Orer, G., & Guzel, N. A. (2019). The relationship between postural stability, core muscle endurance and agility in professional basketball players. Annals of Medical Research, 26(10), 2181-2186.
Altynai, B., Taiyrzhan, I., Talgat, K., Tolgar, A., & Nurlan, Y. (2022). Organization of the training process of young judoists. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 17(5), 1622–1630. https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v17i5.7336
Baker, J., & Cobley, S. (2007). Does practice make perfect? The role of training in developing the expert athlete. In Developing sport expertise (pp. 51-64). Routledge.
Barber-Westin, S. D., Hermet, A., & Noyes, F. R. (2015). A six-week neuromuscular and performance training program improves speed, agility, dynamic balance, and core endurance in junior tennis players. Journal of Athletic Enhancement 4(2), 1-8. https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2324-9080.1000185
Bompa, T., & Buzzichelli, C. (2021). Periodization of strength training for sports. Human Kinetics Publishers.
Boullosa, D., Esteve-Lanao, J., Casado, A., Peyré-Tartaruga, L. A., Gomes da Rosa, R., & Del Coso, J. (2020). Factors affecting training and physical performance in recreational endurance runners. Sports, 8(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8030035
Chatzopoulos, D., Galazoulas, C., Patikas, D., & Kotzamanidis, C. (2014). Acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on balance, agility, reaction time and movement time. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 13(2), 403–409.
Chi, E. H., Song, J., & Corbin, G. (2004, October). "Killer App" of wearable computing: wireless force sensing body protectors for martial arts. In Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology (pp. 277-285). https://doi.org/10.1145/1029632.1029680
Choi, C. H., & Joo, H. J. (2016). Motion recognition technology based remote Taekwondo Poomsae evaluation system. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 75, 13135-13148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-2901-1
Choi, C. R., Heo, C. M., Shin, M. S., & Lee, A. R. (2013). A Modern History of Women Taekwondo in Korea since the Second World War. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 30(3), 315-335. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2012.754429
Chung, B. K., & Johnson, J. A. (2019). Taekwondo poomsae competitor perceptions of the official and new competition poomsae, field of play, and competition rules. Physical Activity Review, 7, 28-39.
Cui, X., & Hu, R. (2022). Application of intelligent edge computing technology for video surveillance in human movement recognition and Taekwondo training. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 61(4), 2899- 2908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2021.08.020
DeMarco, M. (2015). Taekwondo Studies: Advanced Theory and Practice. Via Media Publishing.
Fachrezzy, F., Maslikah, U., Ali, M., Hermawan, I., Reginald, R., & Nugroho, H. (2021). Analysis of the relationship between concentration and balance against yoep chagi kick poomsae movement technique sports club taekwondo achievement state university of jakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 5(3), 536-544.
Fachrezzy, F., Maslikah, U., Hermawan, I., Jariono, G., & Nugroho, H. (2024). Physical Training Methods to Improve the Physical Condition Components of Elite Taekwondo Athletes in the Kyorugi Category: A Systematic Review. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 24(5), 829-841.
Fachrezzy, F., Maslikah, U., Hermawan, I., Nugroho, H., Jariono, G., & Nurulfa, R. (2021). Kicking ability for the Eolgol Yoep Chagi Taekwondo Poomsae in terms of quality of physical condition, self-confidence, and comparison of leg muscle explosive power and core stability. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21, 2337-2342.
Fong, S. S., & Ng, G. Y. (2011). Does Taekwondo training improve physical fitness? Physical Therapy in Sport, 12(2), 100-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2010.07.001
Foran, B. (2001). High-performance sports conditioning. Human kinetics.
Gabbett, T., Georgieff, B., Anderson, S., Cotton, B., Savovic, D., & Nicholson, L. (2006). Changes in skill and physical fitness following training in talent-identified volleyball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(1), 29-35. https://doi.org/10.1519/r-16814.1
García-Pinillos, F., Soto-Hermoso, V. M., & Latorre-Román, P. A. (2015). Acute effects of extended interval training on countermovement jump and handgrip strength performance in endurance athletes: postactivation potentiation. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(1), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000000591
Guo, P. (2022). Effectiveness of VR Technology Based on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Overcoming Psychological Barriers in Taekwondo Practical Learning. Security and Communication Networks, 2022(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3750213
Hoang, T. T., & Ahn, H. (2023). An Evaluation Method of Taekwondo Poomsae Performance. Journal of Information & Communication Convergence Engineering, 21(4), 337-345. https://doi.org/10.56977/jicce.2023.21.4.337
Izquierdo, M. I. K. E. L., Ibanez, J. A. V. I. E. R., González-Badillo, J. J., & Gorostiaga, E. M. (2002). Effects of creatine supplementation on muscle power, endurance, and sprint performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 34(2), 332-343. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200202000-00023
Jeong, G., & Chun, B. (2022). Differences in Sports Injury Types According to Taekwondo Athlete Types (Sparring, Poomsae, and Demonstration). Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 21(3), 473-481.
Jeong, J., Shim, Y., & Shin, M. (2022). Exploring the Effects of Coaching Behavior on the Mental Conditioning Process of Taekwondo Poomsae Athletes: A Moderated Mediation Effect of Psychological Needs and Gender. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), 7016. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127016
Joyce, D., & Lewindon, D. (Eds.). (2014). High-performance training for sports. Human Kinetics.
Kang, J., Park, J., & Johnson, J. A. (2021). Comparison of isokinetic muscle function and anaerobic exercise capacity in the knee according to Kukki taekwondo training type. Physical Activity Review, 2(9), 40-55.
Kazemi, M., Ingar, A., & Jaffery, A. (2016). Injuries in elite Taekwondo Poomsae athletes. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 60(4), 330–341.
Kazemi, M., Perri, G., & Soave, D. (2010). A profile of 2008 Olympic Taekwondo competitors. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 54(4), 243–249.
Khazaei, L., Parnow, A., & Amani-Shalamzari, S. (2023). Comparing the effects of traditional resistance training and functional training on the bio-motor capacities of female elite taekwondo athletes. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 15(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00754-9
Kilroy, E. A., Crabtree, O. M., Crosby, B., Parker, A., & Barfield, W. R. (2016). The effect of single-leg stance on dancer and control group static balance. International Journal of Exercise Science, 9(2), 110-120. https://doi.org/10.70252/XTKD4727
Kim, K., (2021). Sport Scientification of TAEKWONDO for the 4.0 Generation. International Journal of Martial Arts, 6(1), 1-7.
Koshcheyev, О. (2019). Special performance control in taekwondo (poomsae). https://enpuir.npu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/27836
Kraemer, W. J., Deschenes, M. R., & Fleck, S. J. (1988). Physiological adaptations to resistance exercise: implications for athletic conditioning. Sports Medicine, 6, 246-256. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-198806040-00006
Kraemer, W. J., Ratamess, N. A., & Newman, T. H. (2024). Developing the Athlete: An Applied Sport Science Roadmap for Optimizing Performance. Human Kinetics.
Lei, Y., Jun, H. P., Lei, Y., & Jun, H. P. (2022). Does Taekwondo Poomsae Training Impact on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Blood Composition in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review. Exercise Science, 31(1), 11-25. https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2021.00591
Lin, Q. (2020, August). Effect of Taekwondo Poomsae training on weight loss of obese children. In 2020 International Conference on Sports Sciences, Physical Education and Health (ICSSPEH 2020) (pp. 121- 124). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200804.116
Mirmohammadi, S. (2017). Comparison of Selected physiological and Physical Fitness characteristics of Professional Women taekwondo athletes in Kiurogi and Poomsae Styles. Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology, 10(2), 47-58. https://doi.org/10.48308/joeppa.2017.98882
Na, J. (2009). Teaching taekwondo through Mosston's spectrum of styles. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 80(2), 32-43. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2009.10598280
Park, J., & Ahn, Y. (2016). Discussion on Aesthetic Value of Freestyle Taekwondo Poomsae Competitions. https://papersearch.net/google_link/fulltext.asp?file_name=03612271.pdf
Pate, R. R. (1983). A new definition of youth fitness. The Physician and Sports Medicine, 11(4), 77-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1983.11708509
Paul, D. J., Gabbett, T. J., & Nassis, G. P. (2016). Agility in team sports: Testing, training and factors affecting performance. Sports Medicine, 46, 421-442. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0428-2
Rodas, D. F. (2022). Training environment and athlete runners’ physical development: Basis in designing cross training program. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Studies, 2, 315-332.
Tucker, R., & Collins, M. (2012). What makes champions? A review of the relative contribution of genes and training to sporting success. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 46(8), 555-561. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2011-090548
Umoh, K. (2014). Taekwondo Poomsae: The Fighting Scrolls: Guiding Philosophy and Basic Applications. Strategic Book Publishing & Rights Agency.
Wąsik, J., Pieter, W., & Borysiuk, Z. (2014). The effect of offensive and defensive actions on taekwondo sparring. Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts, 5(1), 27-30.
Yang, C. Y., Thurston, T. S., Cho, E. H., Cho, J. Y., & Koo, J. H. (2018). Non-combative taekwondo evokes highly anaerobic physiological responses in elite-level athletes: Potential evidence for a new training modality. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(9), 1450-1457. https://doi.org/10.23736/s0022-4707.18.09365-9
Yoo, S., Park, S. K., Yoon, S., Lim, H. S., & Ryu, J. (2018). Comparison of proprioceptive training and muscular strength training to improve balance ability of taekwondo poomsae athletes: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 17(3), 445-454.
The works and papers that are published in this Journal are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publication Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) has the Publication Rights (Copyright) to the published papers and works, and favors and permits the reusing of the same under the license indicated in point 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2013
2. The papers and works are to be published in the digital edition of the Journal under the license Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Obra Derivada 3.0 España (legal text). The copying, using, spreading, transmitting and publicly displaying of the papers, works or publication are permitted as long as: i) the authors and original sources (Journal, publisher and URL of the publication) are quoted; ii) it is not used for commercial benefit; iii) the existence and specifications of this users license are mentioned.
3. Conditions of Self-Archiving. It is permitted and encouraged that the authors spread electronically the pre-print (before printing) and/or post-print (the revised, evaluated and accepted) versions of their papers or works before their publication since this favors their circulation and early diffusion and therefore can help increase their citation and quotation, and also there reach through the academic community.
The works and papers that are published in this Journal are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publication Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) has the Publication Rights (Copyright) to the published papers and works, and favors and permits the reusing of the same under the license indicated in point 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2013
2. The papers and works are to be published in the digital edition of the Journal under the license Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Obra Derivada 3.0 España (legal text). The copying, using, spreading, transmitting and publicly displaying of the papers, works or publication are permitted as long as: i) the authors and original sources (Journal, publisher and URL of the publication) are quoted; ii) it is not used for commercial benefit; iii) the existence and specifications of this users license are mentioned.
3. Conditions of Self-Archiving. It is permitted and encouraged that the authors spread electronically the pre-print (before printing) and/or post-print (the revised, evaluated and accepted) versions of their papers or works before their publication since this favors their circulation and early diffusion and therefore can help increase their citation and quotation, and also there reach through the academic community.
