El ascenso de China desde la óptica de las Ciencias Políticas y Sociales: cuatro décadas desafiando premisas generalizadas
Resumen
Desde la implementación de la política de reforma y apertura por Deng Xiaoping en 1978, China ha experimentado una serie de rápidos cambios que la han convertido en una gran potencia con perspectivas de liderazgo global. Su ascenso no sólo ha abierto la posibilidad de que, por primera vez en los dos últimos siglos, un país no occidental pueda situarse de nuevo en la cima del orden internacional. Estos cambios en China durante las últimas cuatro décadas han refutado, además, un considerable número de premisas y argumentos sostenidos desde distintos ángulos de las ciencias políticas y sociales. En este sentido, este artículo analizará cómo el ascenso de China ha desafiado algunos de los principales paradigmas y teorías en los campos de las relaciones internacionales, la democratización y la globalización. El presente estudio concluye que las implicaciones multidimensionales del ascenso de China no fueron, en gran medida, anticipadas por algunas de las principales teorías de estas disciplinas.
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