The Román Alberca Psychiatric Hospital: Institutional Neurosis and Historical Reconstruction of a Psychiatric Model in the Region of Murcia

Authors

  • Luis López Sánchez Centro de Salud Mental de Murcia-Infante
  • Miguel Ángel Alzamora Domínguez Universidad de Murcia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/sh.656551
Keywords: Institutional neurosis, Social change, Psychiatric reform, Ethnographic photography, Psychiatric hospital, Social psychiatry

Abstract

In 1959 Russell Barton published his well-known book Institutional Neurosiswhere he analyzed how patients with mental disorders admitted to psychiatric hospitals developed neurotic symptoms related to being confined in these institutions. Criticism toward psychiatric hospitals became strong in subsequent decades from disciplines such as historical philosophy with Foucault, sociology with Goffman, or with the historical sociology of Robert Castel in France and Álvarez-Uría in Spain. But also from psychiatry itself, from postulates like those of Barton, or from the criticisms and proposals of Franco Basaglia's team, the desire to transform those hospitals, if not make them disappear, became part of the internal practices of many professionals who attended to the most serious mental health problems. This articlestems from a clinical session conducted between 1984 and 1985, where some descriptions of observation and intervention are presented based on the analytical variables used by Barton regarding institutional neurosis at the Hospital Psiquiátrico Román Alberca, in the Region of Murcia. While the objective of this article is not to make a comparison of the configuration and organization of a psychiatric hospital between those eighties and the present, it does attempt to show some professional practices that are situated in the relationship between those criticisms and interventions on total institutions, and the current developments in care for the most serious mental health disorders.

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Published
09-12-2025
How to Cite
López Sánchez, L., & Alzamora Domínguez, M. Ángel. (2025). The Román Alberca Psychiatric Hospital: Institutional Neurosis and Historical Reconstruction of a Psychiatric Model in the Region of Murcia. Historical Sociology, 15(1), 150–176. https://doi.org/10.6018/sh.656551