Programa de formación basado en técnicas de comunicación básica y asistida para las enfermeras de extrahospitalaria
Resumo
La comunicación es la clave para comprender la vulnerabilidad emocional de los pacientes en estado crítico. Un cambio repentino en la salud, experimentado por estas personas debido a un accidente o enfermedad, puede causar un efecto psicoemocional como la ansiedad o el estrés postraumático. Objetivo principal: Evaluar un programa de formación en técnicas de comunicación básica y asistida (CONECTEM) para enfermeras pre-hospitalarias y conocer la utilidad y la satisfacción percibida del programa de formación.
Métodos: El estudio presenta un diseño observacional-descriptivo cuasi experimental. La muestra fue de 12 enfermeras pre-hospitalarias seleccionadas según los criterios de inclusión. Se realizó un test post formación para evaluar los conocimientos adquiridos de las enfermeras.
Resultados: El 100% de las enfermeras que realizaron el entrenamiento en CONECTEM fueron aptas para implementar la intervención comunicativa en la ambulancia. El 60% de las enfermeras consideró que la formación fue muy útil para mejorar la calidad de la atención en los pacientes críticos trasladados en ambulancia. La satisfacción percibida por las enfermeras de la formación CONECTEM, fue muy buena en un 42,4% y buenas, en un 58,3%.
Conclusiones: Los resultados respaldan la importancia de la formación en técnicas de comunicación asistida y alternativa (CAA) para mejorar las curas integrales al paciente crítico y ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de formación en comunicación de las enfermeras de pre-hospitalaria.
Downloads
Referências
Dithole KS, Thupayagale-Tshweneagae G, Akpor OA, Moleki MM. Communication skills intervention: Promoting effective communication between nurses and mechanically ventilated patients. BMC Nurs. 2017;16(1).DOI: 10.1186/s12912-017-0268-5
Norouzinia R, Aghabarari M, Shiri M, Karimi M, Samami E. Communication Barriers Perceived by Nurses and Patients. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;8(6):65–74. DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n6p65
Baumgarten M, Poulsen I. Patients’ experiences of being mechanically ventilated in an ICU: A qualitative metasynthesis. Scand J Caring Sci. 2015;29(2). DOI: 10.1111/scs.12177
Guttormson JL, Bremer KL, Jones RM. “Not being able to talk was horrid”: A descriptive, correlational study of communication during mechanical ventilation. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2015;31(3):179–86. DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2014.10.007
Meriläinen M, Kyngäs H, Ala-Kokko T. Patients’ interactions in an intensive care unit and their memories of intensive care: A mixed method study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2013;29(2):78–87. DOI:10.1016/j.iccn.2012.05.003
Dithole KS, Sibanda S, Moleki MM, Thupayagale-Tshweneagae G. Nurses’ communication with patients who are mechanically ventilated in intensive care: the Botswana experience. Int Nurs Rev. 2016;63(3). DOI:10.1111/inr.12262
Happ MB. Communicating with mechanically ventilated patients: state of the science. AACN Clin Issues. 2001;12(2):247–58. DOI: 10.1097/00044067-200105000-00008
Varndell W, Fry M, Elliott D. A systematic review of observational pain assessment instruments for use with nonverbal intubated critically ill adult patients in the emergency department: an assessment of their suitability and psychometric properties. Vol. 26, Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2017. p. 7–32. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13594
Radtke JV, Baumann BM, Garrett KL, Happ MB. Listening to the Voiceless Patient: Case Reports in Assisted Communication in the Intensive Care Unit. J Palliat Med [Internet]. 2011;14(6):791–5. Available from: http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/jpm.2010.0313
Happ MB, Sereika S, Garrett K, Tate J. Use of the quasi-experimental sequential cohort design in the Study of Patient-Nurse Effectiveness with Assisted Communication Strategies (SPEACS). Contemp Clin Trials. 2008;29(5):801–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2008.05.010
Patak L, Wilson-Stronks A, Costello J, Kleinpell RM, Henneman EA, Person C, et al. Improving patient-provider communication: A call to action. J Nurs Adm. 2009;39(9):372–6. DOI: 10.1097/NNA.0b013e3181b414ca
Happ MB, Baumann BM, Sawicki J, Tate JA, George EL, Barnato AE. SPEACS-2: Intensive care unit “communication rounds” with speech language pathology. Geriatr Nurs (Minneap). 2010;31(3):170–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2010.03.004
Nilsen ML, Happ MB, Donovan H, Barnato A, Hoffman L, Sereika SM. Adaptation of a communication interaction behavior instrument for use in mechanically ventilated, nonvocal older adults. Nurs Res. 2014;63(1). DOI: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000012
Handberg C, Voss AK. Implementing augmentative and alternative communication in critical care settings: Perspectives of healthcare professionals. J Clin Nurs. 2018;27(1–2). DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13851
Gropp M, Johnson E, Bornman J, Koul R. Nurses’ perspectives about communication with patients in an intensive care setting using a communication board: A pilot study. Heal SA Gesondheid. 2019;24. doi: 10.4102/hsag.v24i0.1162
Togher FJ, Davy Z, Siriwardena AN. Patients’ and ambulance service clinicians’ experiences of prehospital care for acute myocardial infarction and stroke: A qualitative study. Emerg Med J. 2013;30(11):942–8. DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2012-201507
Ahl C, Nyström M. To handle the unexpected - The meaning of caring in pre-hospital emergency care. Int Emerg Nurs. 2012;20(1):33–41. DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2011.03.001
Alm-Pfrunder AB, Falk AC, Vicente V, Lindström V. Prehospital emergency care nurses’ strategies while caring for patients with limited Swedish–English proficiency. Vol. 27, Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2018. p. 3699–705. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14484
WMA. WMA Declaration of Helsinki – Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects – WMA – The World Medical Association [Internet]. World Medical Association. 2018. Available from: https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/
Momennasab M, Ardakani MS, Rad FD, Dokoohaki R, Dakhesh R, Jaberi A. Quality of nurses’ communication with mechanically ventilated patients in a cardiac surgery intensive care unit. Investig y Educ en Enferm. 2019;37(2). DOI: 10.17533/udea.iee.v37n2e02
Finke EH, Light J, Kitko L. A systematic review of the effectiveness of nurse communication with patients with complex communication needs with a focus on the use of augmentative and alternative communication. J Clin Nurs. 2008;17(16):2102–15. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02373.x
Happ MB, Garrett K, Thomas DDV, Tate J, George E, Houze M, et al. Nurse-patient communication interactions in the intensive care unit. Am J Crit Care. 2011;20(2):1–7. DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2011433
Ak M, Cinar O, Sutcigil L, Congologlu ED, Haciomeroglu B, Canbaz H, et al. Communication skills training for emergency nurses. Int J Med Sci [Internet]. 2011;8(5):397–401. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3133844&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
Song MK, Happ MB, Sandelowski M. Development of a tool to assess fidelity to a psycho-educational intervention. J Adv Nurs. 2010;66(3):673–82. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05216.x
Koszalinski RS, Tappen RM, Melhuish T, Grumme V. Evaluation of a novel communication application from nurses’ perspectives. CIN - Comput Informatics Nurs. 2017;35(6):300–6. DOI: 10.1097/CIN.0000000000000322
Happ MB, Sereika SM, Houze MP, Seaman JB, Tate JA, Nilsen ML, et al. Quality of care and resource use among mechanically ventilated patients before and after an intervention to assist nurse-nonvocal patient communication. Hear Lung J Acute Crit Care. 2015;44(5):408-415.e2. DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20140127-02
Kuyler A, Johnson E. Patient and nurse content preferences for a communication board to facilitate dialogue in the intensive care unit. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2021 Apr 1;63. DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2020.103005
Koszalinski RS, McCarthy JM. Patient communication in the intensive care unit: Background and future possibilities. Vol. 63, Intensive and Critical Care Nursing. 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102955
Higginson IJ, Koffman J, Hopkins P, Prentice W, Burman R, Leonard S, et al. Development and evaluation of the feasibility and effects on staff, patients, and families of a new tool, the Psychosocial Assessment and Communication Evaluation (PACE), to improve communication and palliative care in intensive care and during clinical u. BMC Med. 2013;11(1). DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-213
Nilsen ML, Sereika SM, Hoffman LA, Barnato A, Donovan H, Happ MB. Nurse and Patient Interaction Behaviors’ Effects on Nursing Care Quality for Mechanically Ventilated Older Adults in the ICU. Res Gerontol Nurs. 2014. DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20140127-02
As obras que são publicadas nesta revista estão sujeitas aos seguintes termos:
1. O Serviço de Publicações da Universidad de Murcia (a editorial) conserva os direitos patrimoniais (copyright) das obras publicadas, e favorece e permite a reutilização das mesmas sob a licença de utilização indicada no ponto 2.
© Serviço de publicações, Universidad de Murcia, 2011
2. As obras são publicadas na edição eletrónica da revista sob uma licença Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 Espanha (texto legal). Podem-se copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir e expor publicamente, sempre que: i) seja citado a autoria e a fonte original da sua publicação (revista, editorial e URL da obra); ii) não se usem para fins comerciais; iii) se mencione a existência e especificações desta licença de utilização.
3. Condições de auto-arquivo. É permitido e aconselha-se aos autores, difundir eletronicamente as versões pré-print (versão antes de ser avaliada) e/ou post-print (versão avaliada e aceite para a sua publicação) das suas obras antes da sua publicação, uma vez que, favorece a sua circulação e difusão mais cedo e com isso um possível aumento na sua citação e alcance entre a comunidade académica. Cor RoMEO: verde.
