The stressors factors in adult patients interned to an intensive care unit
Abstract
The present study is an integrative review of the literature that aims to analyze the available evidence in the literature about the stressors reported by patients hospitalized in an adult intensive care unit. The articles were searched in the databases LILACS, Scielo, PubMed and BDENF published during the period from 1997 to 2015. The articles about the theme at hand have been included in Portuguese and Spanish. The sample consisted of 13 articles, where 40 stressors were identified, categorized as environmental, physiological, emotional / psychological and social, divided into 16 subcategories: unfavorable situations, noise, ineffective thermoregulation, disturbed sleep patterns, impaired bed mobility, impaired verbal communication, pain, lack of attention / individuality, anxiety, fear, loss of autonomy, interrupted family process, impaired social interaction, impotence, feeling of impotence and compromised family coping. It has been verified that the theme is relevant, but still in early stages, considering the nursing care gaps to be implemented. It is evident that when stressors are identified, evaluated and diagnosed by nurses they can be transcribed as nursing care in a plan of individual care to the patient, enabling the recovery and rehabilitation process during hospitalization in the ICU.
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