Fatty liver associated with metabolic dysfunction as a risk factor for preeclampsia in pregnant women

Authors

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.652761
Keywords: Pregnant women, Pre-eclampsia, Fatty liver, Risk factor, Obesity

Abstract

Introduction: Fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction is an obstetric emergency that can lead to maternal and foetal complications, including death.

Objective: The present investigation aimed to analyze whether fatty liver associated with metabolic dysfunction is a risk factor for preeclampsia in pregnant women in a level III hospital in Trujillo - Peru.

Method: Descriptive study type, quantitative approach and non-experimental, observational, analytical, retrospective, case-control design. Using a data collection form, data related to the variables analyzed in 404 pregnant women were collected. They were then analyzed with the software spss version 26, the OR and confidence intervals were calculated.

Results: The results show that pregnant women with preeclampsia and MAFLD come from urban areas, higher education level, marital status cohabiting/married, multi-pregnancy, do not have the minimum number of prenatal check-ups, are obese, do not have type II diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. The prevalence of MAFLD in this population of pregnant women is low.

Conclusions: Fatty liver associated with metabolic dysfunction is a risk factor for preeclampsia in pregnant women.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Metrics
Views/Downloads
  • Abstract
    280
  • ESP_PDF (Español (España))
    274
  • ENG_PDF
    38
  • XML (Español (España))
    0

References

1. Sancho Angulo M, Brenes Herrera C, Vargas Vargas N. Hígado graso agudo del embarazo. Rev.méd.sinerg. [Internet]. 1 de mayo de 2023 [citado 9 de abril de 2024];8(5): e1042. Disponible en: https://revistamedicasinergia.com/index.php/rms/article/view/1042

2. Machano M. Prevalence and risk factors associated with severe pre-eclampsia among postpartum women in Zanzibar: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2020; 20:1347. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09384-z

3. Al-Rubaie Z. Prediction of pre-eclampsia in nulliparous women using routinely collected maternal characteristics: a model development and validation study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020; 20:23. doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2712-x

4. De R, Dutta. An Epidemiological determinants and clinical profile of eclampsia: A case control study. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2020;8(4):1531-8. doi: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20191213

5. Riazi K, Azhari H, Charette JH, et al. The prevalence and incidence of NAFLD worldwide: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 7:851–861. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00165-0

6. Younossi ZM, Golabi P, Paik JM, et al. The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review. Hepatology 2023; 77:1335-47.

7. Marquez M. Métodos no invasivos sobre diagnóstico de esteatosis hepática no alcohólica: descripción de su sensibilidad y especificidad. Revista de Investigación en Salud 2022: 4:5. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v5i13.143

8. Hipertensión gestacional y preeclampsia: Boletín de práctica de ACOG, número 222. Obstet Gynecol 2020; 135: e237. Reafirmado 2023. doi:10.1097/AOG.00000000000003891

9. Sarker B, Rahman M, Rahman T, Rahman T, Khalil JJ, Hasan M, et al. Status of the WHO recommended timing and frequency of antenatal care visits in Northern Bangladesh. PLoS One. 2020;15: e0241185. 10.1371/journal.pone.0241185

10. Khan S, Siddique A, Jabeen S, Hossain AT, Haider M, Zohora FT, Rahman M, Arifeen SE, Rahman AE, Jamil K. Preeclampsia and eclampsia-specific maternal mortality in Bangladesh: Levels, trends, timing, and care-seeking practices. J Glob Health 2023; 13:07003. doi. 10.7189/jogh.13.07003

11. Jacobo Y. Factores de riesgo asociados a preeclampsia severa en gestantes que acuden al servicio de emergencia del Hospital Goyeneche Arequipa 2022”. Uma. Tesis. 2022.

12. Chai T. Elevated Hepatic Steatosis Index is Associated with the Development of Adverse Maternal, but Not Adverse Neonatal, Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Womens Health. 2023; 15:589-598. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S399085

13. Zhang L, Gao S, Luan Y, Su S, Zhang E, Liu J, Xie S, Zhang Y, Yue W, Liu R, Yin C. Predictivity of Hepatic Steatosis Index for Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia: a Prospective Cohort Study. Int J Med Sci. 2025 Jan 21;22(4):834-844. doi: 10.7150/ijms.104943. PMID: 39991765; PMCID: PMC11843148.

14. Qian Y, Zhang Y, Fan X, Yan H, Li X, Fan Y, et al. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Normal Prepregnant Weight. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023;108(2):463-471.

15. Dyah A, Rahadina R. Metabolic associated fatty liver disease and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Hepatol. 2021;7(3):305-311. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac567

16. M. Lee, Seung Mi et al. Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase in Early Pregnancy and Subsequent Development of Gestational Diabetes and Preeclampsia. Journal of Korean medical science vol. 35,26 e198. 6 Jul. 2020, doi:10.3346/jkms.2020.35. e198. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e198

17. Sarkar M, Grab J, Dodge JL, Gunderson EP, Rubin J, Irani RA, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. J Hepatol. 2020;73(3):516-522. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.03.049

18. Fox R, Kitt J, Leeson P, Aye CYL, Lewandowski AJ. Preeclampsia: risk factors, diagnosis, management, and the cardiovascular impact on the offspring. J Clin Med. 2020;8(10):1625. doi: 10.3390/jcm8101625

19. Mousa A, Mandili RL, Aljahdali M, et al. Maternal and fetal outcomes of preeclampsia with and without severe features in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study. Cureus. 2022;14(11): e31013. doi: 10.7759/cureus.31013

20. Mou A, Barman Z, Hasan M, Miah R, Hafsa JM, Das Trisha A et al. Prevalence of pre-eclampsiaand the associated risk factors among pregnant women in Bangladesh. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):21339. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00839-w

21. Huang D, Wilson LA, Behling C. Fibrosis progression rate in biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among people with diabetes versus people without diabetes: a multicenter study. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:463–472.e5. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.04.025

22. Huang D, Terrault NA, Tacke F, et al. Global epidemiology of cirrhosis — aetiology, trends and predictions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:388–398. doi: 10.1038/s41575-023-00759-2

23. Lim WH, Hui Lim GE, et al. Mortality outcomes by fibrosis stage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:931–939.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2022.04.014

24. Huang D, Sharpton S, Amangurbanova M, Sirlin C, Loomba R. Clinical utility of combined MRI-PDFF and ALT response in predicting histologic response in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:2682–2685.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.08.036

25. Loomba R, Huang DQ, Sanyal AJ, et al. Liver stiffness thresholds to predict disease progression and clinical outcomes in bridging fibrosis and cirrhosis. Gut 2023; 72:581–589. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327777

26. Manterola, C.; Quiroz, G.; Salazar, P.; García, N. Metodología de los tipos y diseños de estudio más frecuentemente utilizados en investigación clínica. Rev. Med. Clin. Condes. 2019, 30, 36–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmclc.2018.11.005

27. Castro EMM. Bioestadística aplicada en investigación clínica: conceptos básicos. Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes. 1 de enero de 2019;30(1):50-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmclc.2018.12.002

28. Cortez M. Algunas consideraciones para el cálculo del tamaño muestral en investigaciones de las Ciencias Médicas. Medisur 2020; 18; 5. http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1727-897X2020000500937

29. Martínez Pérez J.A, Pérez Martín P.S. Regresión logística. 50(102086). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semerg.2023.102086

30. Declaración de Helsinki de la AMM – Principios éticos para las investigaciones médicas en seres humanos. Wma.net. [citado el 10 de marzo de 2024].; 2024. Available from: https://www.wma.net/es/policies-post/declaracion-de-helsinki-de-la-amm-principios-eticos-para-las-investigaciones-medicas-en-seres-humanos

31. Seung M. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Subsequent Development of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2022; 20:2542–2550. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.11.007.

32. Raghavan R, Dreibelbis C, Kingshipp BJ, Wong YP, Terry N, Abrams B, Bartholomew A, Bodnar LM, Gernand A, Rasmussen K, Siega-Riz AM, Stang JS, Casavale KO, Spahn JM, Stoody E. Dietary Patterns before and during Pregnancy and Risk of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review [Internet]. doi: 10.52570/NESR.PB242018.SR0101

Published
15-01-2026
How to Cite
[1]
Carnero Cabrera, Y.X. and Yupari-Azabache, I.L. 2026. Fatty liver associated with metabolic dysfunction as a risk factor for preeclampsia in pregnant women. Global Nursing. 25, 1 (Jan. 2026). DOI:https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.652761.
Issue
Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026): #78 January-April
Section
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Copyright (c) 2026 Global Nursing

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The works published in this magazine are subject to the following terms:

1. The Publications Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) preserves the copyright of the published works, and encourages and allows the reuse of the works under the license for use stated in point 2.

© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2011  (© Publications Service, University of Murcia, 2011)

2. The works are published in the electronic edition of the journal under Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España(texto legal) “ a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Spain license (legal text)”. They can be copied, used, broadcasted, transmitted and publicly displayed, provided that: i) the authorship and original source of their publication (journal, publisher and URL) are cited; (ii) are not used for commercial purposes; iii) the existence and specifications of this license is mentioned.

Licencia Creative Commons

3. Conditions of self-archiving. Authors are allowed and encouraged to electronically disseminate the pre-print (pre-reviewed ) and / or post-print (reviewed and accepted for publication) versions of their works prior to publication, as it ensures a wider circulation and dissemination which may lead to a possible increase in its mention and a higher scope among the academic community. RoMEO color: green.