Regenerative medicine in the care of diabetic foot ulcers. A Systematic Review.
Abstract
Introduction: The pluripotency of stem cells (SC) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) makes them potential candidates to accelerate tissue repair processes in lesions such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).
Objective: To evaluate the current evidence on the benefits of healing DFUs that do not respond to conventional treatment with SC and/or PRP.
Method: Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we systematically review original studies published in the last 5 years and indexed in Web of Science, Scopus, CUIDEN, and PubMed to evaluate the effects of SC and/or PRP on skin markers, healing time and adverse effects in DFU. The study was registered in PROSPERO (#CRD 42024537847).
Results: Among 107 records identified in the search, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. DFUs treated with topically administered PRP or intralesional injection achieved a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in ulcer/ wound area. The overall cure rate improved significantly (p < 0.05) after the application of SC. Treatment with SC was able to reduce the amputation rate non-significantly (p > 0.05). The epithelialization or healing processes did not experience significant changes (p > 0.05) after the use of PRP or SC. No serious adverse effects were reported.
Conclusion: Cell therapy with SC and/or PRP on DFUs that do not heal with conventional treatment is a safe and effective therapeutic option.
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