Representational content of professionals of the health care network about HIV in counseling
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the representational contents of health care professionals about human immunodeficiency virus in counseling.
Method: Study of social representations with a procedural approach of the descriptive-exploratory type conducted with 30 professional counselors from 17 points of the health care network in the period from June 2017 to February 2018 in accordance with the COREQ. Data were collected from the techniques of interviews and observation. The corpus was elaborated and submitted to thematic-categorical content analysis with support from the ATLAS.ti 8.0 software.
Results: The following categories emerged: social prejudices that compromise the confidentiality and privacy in the reception; vulnerabilities that consolidate pre-test counseling; and serological condition and treatment that impose urgency to testing. The representational contents about the human immunodeficiency virus, such as social prejudices, vulnerabilities, serological condition, and treatment, are related to the difficulties in ensuring confidentiality and privacy in the welcoming practices, the emphasis of pre-test counseling, and the urgency of testing according to the care point.
Conclusion: The analysis of the representational contents revealed that the communication of the diagnosis of HIV should be guided by the perspectives of health promotion and network health care. As for the implications for Nursing, it is considered that it provides directions and actions that enhance the appropriate professional performance, consequently improving the assistance to people. In order that the understanding of intersubjective aspects can subsidize favorable conditions in counseling at all points of the health care network.
Downloads
References
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. UNAIDS data 2019. [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/2019-UNAIDS-data_en.pdf.
Crabtree‐Ramírez B, Belaunzarán‐Zamudio PF, Cortes CP, Morales M, Sued O, Sierra‐Madero 23 J, et al. The HIV epidemic in Latin America: a time to reflect on the history of success and the 24 challenges ahead. J int aids soc. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 24]; 23(3):e25468. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25468.
Suto CSS, Oliveira JF, Paiva MS. Social Representations of health care professionals on 28 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Rev bras enferm. [Internet]. 2018 Aug; 71(4):1934-1939. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2015-0001.
Monteiro SS, Brigeiro M, Vilella WV, Mora C, Parker R. Challenges facing HIV treatment as 32 prevention in Brazil: an analysis drawing on literature on testing. Ciênc Saúde Colet. [Internet]. 2019; 24(5):1793-1807. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018245.16512017.
Agostini R, Rocha F, Melo E, Maksud I. The Brazilian response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic 36 amidst the crisis. Ciênc Saúde Colet. [Internet]. 2019; 24(12):4599-4604. doi: 37 https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182412.25542019.
Tianyi FL, Tianyi JNT, Agbor VN, Kadia BM. Protocol Audit of HIV counselling and testing services among primary healthcare facilities in Cameroon: a protocol for a multicentre national cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. [Internet]. 2018; 8: e020611. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/ 42 bmjopen-2017-020611.
Lee CY, Wu P, Tsai J, Chen Tc, Chang K, Lu P. Cascade Analysis of Anonymous Voluntary 44 HIV Counseling and Testing Among Patients with HIV Infection in Taiwan. AIDS patient care STDs. [Internet]. 2020; 34(7): e303-315. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1089/apc.2020.0044.
Huang H, Ding Y, Wang H, Khoshnood K, Yang M. The ethical sensitivity of health care 48 professionals who care for patients living with HIV infection in Hunan, China: a qualitative study. J 49 Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Apr 09]; 29(2):266-74. Available from: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5816692.>
Hanne A, Nöstlinger C, Beckhoven DV, Deblonde J, Apers L, Verheyen K, et al. Identifying key 53 elements to inform HIV-testing interventions for primary care in Belgium. Health promot internation. [Internet].2020 Apr; 35, 2(1):301–311. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz037.
Peiter CC, Santos JLG, Lanzoni GMM, Mello ALFS, Costa MFBNA, Andrade SR. Healthcare networks: trends of knowledge development in Brazil. Esc Anna Nery Rev Enferm. [Internet]. 2019; 23(1):e20180214. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2018-0214.
Coelho B, Meirelles BHS. Care sharing for people with HIV/AIDS: a look targeted at young adults. Rev bras enferm. [Internet]. 2019 Oct; 72(5):1341-1348. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0248.
Massignani LRM, Rabuske MM, Backes MS, Crepaldi MA. Communication of hiv/aids diagnosis by health professionals. Psicol argum. [Internet]. 2017; 32(79):65-75. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7213/psicol.argum.32.s02.AO06.
Jodelet D. Social sciences and representations: a study of representative phenomena and 11 social processes, from local to global. Soc estado. [Internet]. 2018 Aug; 33(2):423-442. doi: 12 https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-699220183302007.
Silva AH, Fossá MIT. Análise de conteúdo: exemplo de aplicação da técnica para análise de 15 dados qualitativos. Qualitas Revista Eletrônica [Internet]. 2015;17(1):114.doi:doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.18391/qualitas.v16i1.2113.
Friese S. ATLAS.ti 8.0 Windows. Guia Rápido. ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development. 18 Manual Versão 2019: 654.20190114. [citado 2019 Mai 20] Updated for program version: 8.4. Disponível em: <http://downloads.atlasti.com/docs/quicktour/QuickTour_a8_win_pt.pdf.>
Flament C. Estructura, dinámica y transformación de las representaciones sociales. In: Abric, J.C. Prácticas sociales y representaciones. México: Coyoacán, 2001.
Jodelet D. Ponto de vista: sobre o movimento das representações sociais na comunidade 25 científica. Temas psicol (Online). [Internet]. 2011 Jun; [cited 2020 Aug 29]. 19(1): 19-26. 26 Available from:<http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S141327 389X2011000100003&lng=pt.>
Oliveira, DC. Construction and transformation of social representations of AIDS and implications for health care. Rev latinoam enferm (Online). [Internet]. 2013; 21(spe):276-286. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692013000700034.
Beyeza-Kashesya J, Wanyenze RK, Goggin K, Finocchario- Kessler S, Woldetsadik MA, 34 Mindry D, et al. Stigma gets in my way: Factors affecting client-provider communication regarding 35 childbearing among people living with HIV in Uganda. PLos ONE. [Internet]. 2018; 13(2): 36 e0192902. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192902.
Yaya S, Oladimeji O, Oladimeji KE, Bishwajit G. Prenatal care and uptake of HIV testing 39 among pregnant women in Gambia: a cross-sectional study. BMC public health (Online). [Internet]. 40 2020; 20:485. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08618-4.
Tomberg J, Spagnolo L, Harter J, Martins M, Cardozo Gonzales R. Search behavior for health services for the detection of tuberculosis. Rev enferm UFSM. [Internet] 2020; 10(52):1-18. doi: https://doi.org/10.5902/2179769241815.
Colaço AD, Meirelles BHS, Heidemann ITSB, Villarinho MV. Care for the person who lives with hiv/aids in primary health care. Texto & contexto enferm. [Internet]. 2019; 28:e20170339. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2017-0339. 48
Jodelet D. O movimento de retorno ao sujeito e a abordagem das representações sociais. Soc. 50 estado. [Internet] 2009; [cited 2020 Aug 26]. 24(3): 679-712. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/se/v24n3/04.pdf. 52
Singleton R, Sabben G, Winskell K. The spectrum of sexual transaction: representations in young Africans’ HIV-themed creative narratives. Cult health sex. [Internet]. 2020 Apr; 8:1-17. ahead-of-print. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2020.1727568.
Musayón-Oblitas FY, Cárcamo CP, Gimbel S, Zarate JIE, Espinoza ABG. Validation of a counseling guide for adherence to antiretroviral therapy using implementation science. Rev latinoam enferm (Online). [Internet]. 2020; 28: e3228. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/15188345.3117.3228.
Muñoz-Martínez R, Fernández Casanueva C, González O, Miranda M. Brouwer KC. Struggling bodies at the border: migration, violence, and HIV vulnerability in the Mexico/Guatemala border region. Anthropol med. [Internet]. 2019; 27(4):363-379. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13648470.2019.1676638.
Marriott JP, Pérez-Ramos JG, Choi SH, Gonsalves-Domond G, Aladin B, Barbosu M, et al. Assessing Training Interests of Latin American and Caribbean Immigrant-serving HIV/AIDS, STD, 9 and Hepatitis C Providers in New York State, United States. Int j STD AIDS. [Internet]. 2020; 9(2): 10 186–190. doi: https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.373. 11.
Monteiro S, Brigeiro M, Mora M, Vilella W, Parker R. A review of HIV testing strategies among 13 MSM (2005–2015): Changes and continuities due to the biomedicalization of responses to AIDS. 14 Glob public health. [Internet]. 2018; 14(5):764-776. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2018.1545038.
Jaspal R, Nerlich Brigitte. Polarised press reporting about HIV prevention: Social 18 representations of pre- exposure prophylaxis in the UK press. Health (Lond.). [Internet]. 2016; 19 21(5):478-497. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363459316649763.
Flynn DE, Johnson C, Sands A, Wong V, Figueroa C, Baggaley R. Can trained lay providers 22 perform HIV testing services? A review of national HIV testing policies. BCM res notes. [Internet]. 2017;10(20):1-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2339-1.
The works published in this magazine are subject to the following terms:
1. The Publications Service of the University of Murcia (the publisher) preserves the copyright of the published works, and encourages and allows the reuse of the works under the license for use stated in point 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2011 (© Publications Service, University of Murcia, 2011)
2. The works are published in the electronic edition of the journal under Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España(texto legal) “ a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Spain license (legal text)”. They can be copied, used, broadcasted, transmitted and publicly displayed, provided that: i) the authorship and original source of their publication (journal, publisher and URL) are cited; (ii) are not used for commercial purposes; iii) the existence and specifications of this license is mentioned.
3. Conditions of self-archiving. Authors are allowed and encouraged to electronically disseminate the pre-print (pre-reviewed ) and / or post-print (reviewed and accepted for publication) versions of their works prior to publication, as it ensures a wider circulation and dissemination which may lead to a possible increase in its mention and a higher scope among the academic community. RoMEO color: green.
