Prevention of sexually transmitted infections among young people and the importance of health education

Authors

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.481541
Keywords: sexually transmitted diseases, young adult, sexual behavior, students, health education

Abstract

Objective: To analyze sexual practices and the adoption of prevention practices for sexually transmitted infections among university students.
Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out in a public higher education institution, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A sample of 173 students from the Nutrition, Medicine, Nursing and Biological Sciences courses was selected from the matrix research database.
Results: There was predominance of young women (76.88%), aged between 18 and 23 years old (84.39%), sexually active (78.03%), who did not use condoms continuously with stable (47.22%) and casual (30.36%) partners; the majority negotiated condom use (37.78%); never performed a test to detect HIV (56.07%) and denied previous occurrence of STIs (91.33%).
Conclusion: The low adherence of young people to condoms with stable and casual partners is a risky sexual behavior that can contribute to acquiring STIs. Expansion of the provision of timely testing and intensification of educational activities in the university environment are necessary practices to reduce the group's vulnerability to STIs.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Laercio Deleon de Melo, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Enfermero. Doctorando en Enfermería por la Universidad del Estado de Rio de Janeiro (UERJ)

Carolina Passos Sodré, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Enfermeira. Especialista em Enfermagem em Saúde da Família pelo Programa de Residência de Enfermagem em Saúde da Família da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Thelma Spindola, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Enfermeira. Doutora em Enfermagem. Professora Associada do Departamento de Fundamentos de Enfermagem da UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Elizabeth Rose Costa Martins, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Enfermeira. Doutora em Enfermagem. Professora Associada do Departamento de Fundamentos de Enfermagem da UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Nathália Lourdes Nepomuceno de Oliveira André, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Enfermeira. Mestranda do programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Catarina Valentim Vieira da Motta, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Graduanda em Enfermagem pela UERJ. Bolsista de Iniciação Científica do CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

References

Spindola T, Teixeira RS, Sodré CP, Santana RSC, André NLNO, Costa SW. Condutas de jovens universitários frente a prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis: perspectiva de gênero. Rev Paraninfo Digital [Internet] 2017 [cited 2020 May 11];27. Avaiable from: http://www.index-f.com/para/n27/279.php

Ministério da Saúde (Br). Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia e Insumos Estratégicos. Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2019. [cited 2020 Oct. 25] Avaiable from: http://www.aids.gov.br/pt-br/pub/2015/protocolo-clinico-e-diretrizes-terapeuticas-para-atencao-integral-pessoas-com-infeccoes

World Health Organization. Communities at the center, 2019. Avaiable from: https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/2019-global-AIDS-update_en.pdf

Ministério da Saúde (Br). Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Boletim Epidemiológico: HIV AIDS 2019. Brasília (DF): Ministério da Saúde. 2019. Avaiable from: http://www.aids.gov.br/pt-br/pub/2019/boletim-epidemiologico-de-hivaids-2019

Alirol E, Wi TE, Bala M, Bazzo ML, Chen XS, Deal C, et al. Multidrug-resistant gonorrhea: a research and development roadmap to discover new medicines. PLoS Med. 2017 [cited 2020 Oct. 25];14(7):e1002366. Avaiable from: https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002366

Scull TM, Keefe EM, Kafka JM, Malik CV, Kupersmidt JB. The understudied half of undergraduates: Risky sexual behaviors among community college students. J Am Coll Health. 2020 [cited 2020 Oct. 25];68(3):302-312. Avaiable from: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1549554

Gräf DD, Mesenburg MA, Fassa AG. Risky sexual behavior and associated factors in undergraduate students in a city in Southern Brazil. Rev. Saúde Pública [Internet]. 2020. [cited 2020 May 5];54:41. Avaiable from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-89102020000100235&lng=pt.

Ministério da Saúde (Br). Departamento de IST, Aids e Hepatites Virais. Pesquisa de Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Práticas (PCAP) na população brasileira 2013. [Internet] Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2016. [cited 2021 Jul 17]. Avaiable from: http://www.aids.gov.br/pt-br/pub/2016/pesquisa-de-conhecimentos-atitudes-e-praticas-na-populacao-brasileira-pcap-2013

Ministério da Educação (Br). Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira. Resumo técnico do Censo da Educação Superior 2019. Brasília: Ministério da Educação, 2019. [cited 2020 Oct. 25] Avaiable from: http://portal.inep.gov.br/resultados-e-resumos

Spindola T, Araújo ASB, Brochado EJ, Marinho DF, Martins ERC, Pereira TS.

Sexual practices and attitudes of university students towards prevention of sexually transmitted infections. Enf Global [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Oct. 25];19(2):109-40. Avaiable from: https://revistas.um.es/eglobal/article/view/382061.

Ministério da Educação (Br). Censo demográfico 2010. Brasília: Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira, 2011.

Carmo BAG, Quadros NRP, Santos MMQ, Macena JKF, et al. Health education on sexually transmissible infections to Nursing College students. Rev. bras. promoç. Saúde. (Impr.) 2020 [cited 2020 Oct. 25];33:10285. Available from: https://periodicos.unifor.br/RBPS/article/view/10285/pdf

Kassie BA, Yenus H, Berhe R, Kassahun EA. Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated factors among the University of Gondar students, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Reprod Health. 2019 [cited 2020 Oct. 25];16(1):163. available from:10.1186/s12978-019-0815-5

Moraes L, Franca C, Silva B, Valença P, Menezes V, Colares V. Early sexual debut and associated factor: a literature review. 2019 Psic., Saúde & Doenças [Internet]. [cited 2020 Oct. 20];20(1):59-73. Avaiable from: http://www.scielo.mec.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1645-00862019000100005&lng=pt. http://dx.doi.org/10.15309/19psd200105

Sales JKD, Sales JKD, Alves DA, Coelho HP, Oliveira OP, Santos RL. Fatores de risco associados ao comportamento sexual de adolescentes. REAS [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Oct. 25]. Avaiable from: https://www.acervomais.com.br/index.php/saude/article/view/3382

Grubb LK. Barrier protection use by adolescents during sexual activity. Committee on Adolescence Pediatrics [Internet] 2020 [cited 2020 Sept. 19];146(2). Avaiable from: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/146/2/e2020007237

Kann L, McManus T, Harris WA, Shanklin SL, Flint KH, Queen B., et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance - United States, 2017. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries. 2018 [cited 2020 Oct. 10];67(8):1-114. Avaiable from: 10.15585 / mmwr.ss6708a1

Araújo A, Spindola T, Sousa K, de-Araújo A, Martins E. Sexual health care practices of university young people. Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental Online [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Apr. 11];12(0):1215-1220. Avaiable from: doi: https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v12.8626

Santangelo OE, Provenzano S, Grigis D, Terranova A, D'Anna G, Armetta F, et al. Why nursing students have sex without condom? A study in the university of Palermo. Clin Ter. 2020 [cited 2020 Oct. 10];171(2):e130-e136. Avaiable from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32141484/

Souza FMA, Muñoz IK, Visentin IC. Contexto de vulnerabilidade de gênero no uso do preservativo masculino. Finom [Internet] 2020 janeiro-julho. [cited 2020 Oct. 25];20(1). Avaiable from: http://revistas.icesp.br/index.php/FINOM_Humanidade_Tecnologia/article/view/1004

Dallo L, Martins RA. Association between the risk of alcohol use and unprotected sex in adolescents in a city in the southern region of Brazil. Ciênc. saúde coletiva [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Sept. 15];23(1):303-314. Avaiable from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018231.14282015

Aguirrebengoa OA, Garcia MV, Sanchez MR, D'Elia G, Méndez BC, Arrancudiaga MA et al. Risk factors associated with sexually transmitted infections and HIV among adolescents in a reference clinic in Madrid. PLoS ONE. 2020 [cited 2020 Sept. 15];15(3). Avaiable from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228998

Lima MS, Raniere JC, Paes CO, Gonçalves LHT, Cunha CLF, Ferreira GRON et al. The association between knowledge about HIV and risk factors in young Amazon people. Rev. Bras. Enferm. [Internet] 2020 [cited 2020 Oct. 25];73(5):e20190453. Avaiable from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71672020000500182&lng=en

Fu G, Shi Y, Yan Y, Li Y, Han J, Li G, et al. The prevalence of and factors associated with willingness to utilize HTC service among college students in China. BMC public health [Internet] 2018. [cited 2020 Oct. 25]; 18(1):1050. Avaiable from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5953-0

Ministério da Saúde (Br). Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância. Divisão de Detecção Precoce e Apoio à Organização de Rede. Rio de Janeiro: INCA 2016.

Qin J, Saraiya M, Martinez G, Sawaya GF. Prevalence of potentially unnecessary bimanual pelvic examinations and papanicolaou tests among adolescent girls and young women aged 15-20 years in the United States. JAMA Intern Med [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Oct 15];180(2):274-280. Avaiable from:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.572727. Ministério da Saúde (Br). Protocolos da Atenção Básica: Saúde das Mulheres / Ministério da Saúde, Instituto Sírio-Libanês de Ensino e Pesquisa – Brasília : Ministério da Saúde, 2016. 230 p.

Oliveira M, Lanza L. Health education: sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy in adolescence. Revista da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Sorocaba. 2018 [cited 2020 Dec 12];20(3):138-141. doi: https://doi.org/10.23925/1984-4840.2018v20i3a4

Silva RF, Engstrom EM. Comprehensive health care of teenagers by the Primary Health Care in the Brazilian territory: an integrative review. Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação [online]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 7];24(suppl 1):e190548. Avaiable from: <https://doi.org/10.1590/Interface.190548

Brixner B, Muniz C, Renner J, Pohl H, Garcia E, Krug S. Health promotion actions in family health strategies. Cinergis [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2020 Dec 12]; 18(Supl. 1):386-390. Avaiable from: https://online.unisc.br/seer/index.php/cinergis/article/view/11182

Silva ITS, Lima DM, Santos WN, Santos RSC, Menezes HF, Silva RAR. Análise da operacionalização da testagem rápida para o HIV realizada pelo enfermeiro. Revista Recien. 2020 [cited 2020 Dec 12];10(29):100-111. Avaiable from: https://www.recien.com.br/index.php/Recien/article/view/339

Published
01-01-2022
How to Cite
[1]
de Melo, L.D. et al. 2022. Prevention of sexually transmitted infections among young people and the importance of health education. Global Nursing. 21, 1 (Jan. 2022), 74–115. DOI:https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.481541.
Issue
Section
ORIGINAL RESEARCH