A Private History of the Preposition By in English: From Instrumental to Passive Agent

Authors

  • Enrique L. Palancar Vizcaya Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Keywords:

instrumentality, agency, historical linguistics

Abstract

In this paper I revisit the controversia1 origin of the preposition by as marker of the demoled agent in the English passive construction. I claim that this use emerged from instrumental schemara which were once highly prominent in the history of English. I organize in a radial category the most relevant senses by conveis, both from historical times and in PDE. This analysis is intended to represent a polysemic network of meanings which show the motivated process leading to the outcome of an agency schema to express the passive agent.

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