RESISTENCIA FENOTÍPICA Y GENOTÍPICA EN LOS PATOTIPOS AIEC, STEC Y EAEC DE E. COLI
Resumen
Escherichia coli es una bacteria que está muy presente en nuestro día a día, como comensal o como forma patógena. Hay gran cantidad de cepas patógenas capaces de producir enfermedades, siendo de gran importancia para la salud pública aquellas cepas vehiculadas a través de los alimentos, provocando toxiinfecciones alimentarias con gran morbilidad. En algunos casos, las cepas que provocan estos brotes puedes ser muy patógenas ocasionando una gran mortalidad y con repercusiones muy graves para los afectados. En este estudio nos centramos en investigar la presencia de cepas vehiculadas a través de los alimentos de origen cárnico que formen parte de alguno de los 3 patotipos investigados (STEC, AIEC y EAEC). Por otro lado, planteamos investigar la resistencia a los antibióticos que presentan las cepas de E. coli aisladas en los alimentos cárnicos. Nuestros resultados han evidenciado la elevada resistencia fenotípica que presentan la gran mayoría de las cepas de E. coli aisladas en este estudio, planteando un grave problema para la salud pública. Esto hace necesario extremar las medidas de vigilancia y control de estos patotipos a lo largo de la cadena alimentaria. También es necesario ser cautos en el empleo de antibióticos ya que si se hace un uso inadecuado de los mismos provocaría un aumento en la dificultad terapéutica de las infecciones, amenazando con acabar con un siglo de avances médicos.
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