Soledad social y emocional en personas mayores que viven en resi-dencias geriátricas de España: un estudio transversal

Autores/as

  • Miriam Molas Tuneu Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
  • Javier Jerez Roig Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
  • Eduard Minobes Molina Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
  • Laura Coll Planas Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
  • Anna Escribà Salvans Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
  • Pau Farrés Godayol Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
  • Meltem Yildirim Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
  • Sandra Rierola Fochs Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
  • Ester Goutan Roura Research group Tissue Repair and Regeneration Laboratory (TR2Lab). Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare. Centre for Health and Social Care Re-search (CESS). University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain
  • Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O). Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare. Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS). University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Department of Collective Health, Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Natal, Brazil
  • Dawn A. Skelton Research Centre for Health (ReaCH), School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
  • Jordi Naudó Molist Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain / Innovation in Mental Health and Social Wellbeing Research group (ISaMBEs). Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare. Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS). University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.530641
Palabras clave: Soledad emocional, Soledad social, Residencias geriátricas, Adultos mayores, Aislamiento social

Agencias de apoyo

  • Hestia Chair from Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (grant number BI-CHAISS-2019/003) and the research grant from the Catalan Board of Physiotherapists (code R03/19). Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza thank CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Sci-entific and Technological Development) productivity grants (308168/2020-8).

Resumen

La soledad, poco estudiada en las residencias de ancianos, puede afectar a la salud física y mental. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los factores asociados a la soledad global, social y emocional de un total de 65 residentes de 5 residencias de la Cataluña Central (España), y comprobar su prevalencia. La muestra estuvo formada por 81.5% mujeres con una edad media de 84±7.13 años. El estudio transversal incluyó a adultos mayores de 65 años y con estado cognitivo preservado. Se utilizó la Escala de Soledad de De Jong Gierveld para evaluar la soledad general y sus subtipos; y se recogieron variables sociodemográficas y relacionadas con la salud. Se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado (o de Fisher) y la regresión logística para el análisis bivariante y multivariante, respectivamente. La prevalencia de la soledad global fue del 70.7% (IC 95%: 58.2-81.4), la soledad social del 44.6% (IC 95%: 33.1-56.6) y la soledad emocional del 46.2% (IC 95%: 34.5-58.1). La soledad global se asoció con una menor calidad de vida percibida (Odds Ratio-OR = 5.52, IC 95%: 1.25-24.38) y las residencias concertadas (OR = 0.19, IC 95%: 0.05-0. 74); la soledad social con tener 0-1 hijos (OR = 0.25, IC 95%: 0.08-0.77), y la soledad emocional con la depresión (OR = 4.54, IC 95%: 1.28-16.08) y la incontinencia urinaria (UI) (OR = 4.65, IC 95%: 1.23-17.52). La soledad estuvo presente en casi el 71% de los residentes y se asoció con el tipo de residencia y la peor calidad de vida, la emocional con la depresión y la IU y la social con tener menos de 2 hijos.

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Publicado
27-08-2023
Cómo citar
Molas Tuneu, M., Jerez Roig, J., Minobes Molina, E., Coll Planas, L., Escribà Salvans, A., Farrés Godayol, P., … Naudó Molist, J. (2023). Soledad social y emocional en personas mayores que viven en resi-dencias geriátricas de España: un estudio transversal. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 39(3), 465–477. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.530641
Número
Vol. 39 Núm. 3 (2023): octubre - diciembre
Sección
Psicología social y organizacional

Derechos de autor 2023 Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia (España)

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