Differences in psychological distress, resilience and cognitive emotional regulation strategies in adults during the Coronavirus pandemic: A cross-cultural study of Poland and Spain.

Raquel Palomera; Sara González-Yubero; Justyna  Mojsa-Kaja; Klaudia Szklarczyk-Smolana

doi:10.6018/analesps.462421

Autores/as

Raquel Palomera Department of Education, University of Cantabria, Santander (Spain) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-6927
Sara González-Yubero Departamento de Educacion, Universidad of Cantabria, Santander (España)
Justyna Mojsa-Kaja Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow (Poland)
Klaudia Szklarczyk-Smolana Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow (Poland)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.462421

Palabras clave: COVID-19, Depresión, Ansiedad, Estrés, Resiliencia, Regulación emocional cognitiva, Estudio transcultural

Resumen

Antecedentes. El objetivo de este estudio transcultural fue analizar las diferencias en resiliencia, estrategias de regulación cognitiva de las emociones (CERS) y distress psicológico durante la pandemia del COVID-19 en Polonia y España. Método. Se realizó una encuesta online en una muestra de 1,182 adultos. Se llevó a cabo un análisis MANOVA para examinar las diferencias en las variables estudiadas entre estos países. Esto fue seguido de un análisis MANCOVA controlando el sexo y la edad. Se realizaron análisis de regresión lineal segmentados por país con el fin de identificar modelos predictivos de distrés psicológico. Resultados. La población polaca se caracterizó por niveles más altos de ansiedad, menos resiliencia y más uso de CERS desadaptativas durante el confinamiento. La población española sufrió más estrés pero utilizó CERS adaptativas y fue más resiliente. La edad y el sexo femenino aparecieron como factores de riesgo de malestar psicológico en España. Se encontró que los modelos de predicción de distrés psicológico fueron diferentes en ambos países: las CERS adaptativas fueron predictivas en España y la resiliencia fue predictiva en Polonia. Conclusiones. Este estudio podría guiar en iniciativas para la promoción del bienestar psicológico como vía para prevenir trastornos psicopatológicos durante la pandemia.

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Diferencias en distrés psicológico, resiliencia y estrategias de regulación cognitiva de las emociones en adultos durante la pandemia del coronavirus: un estudio transcultural de Polonia y España.

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