Resiliencia y factores asociados en mujeres supervivientes de Violencia de Género en la Pareja: una revisión sistemática.
Resumen
Gran parte de los estudios sobre Violencia de Género en la Pareja (VGP) presentan a las mujeres como víctimas pasivas, pero en los últimos años el número de investigaciones centradas en fortalezas está aumentando. El objetivo del presente estudio es revisar la literatura empírica sobre resiliencia en mujeres supervivientes de VGP para: (a) analizar el consenso en la definición y evaluación de resiliencia; (b) estudiar los correlatos del constructo; y (c) reflexionar sobre la aplicabilidad de este conocimiento en las políticas y la práctica profesional. Siguiendo las guías PRISMA, se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos Scopus, WoS y PsycINFO, encontrando 42 artículos publicados en inglés o español sin restricción temporal. Los resultados muestran que los estudios adoptan definiciones de resiliencia tanto orientadas al proceso como al rasgo y a los resultados, y que el método de evaluación difiere entre investigaciones. Entre los correlatos de resiliencia se encontraron factores individuales, relacionales y contextuales. Se necesita un consenso teórico y profundizar en los mecanismos por los cuales los factores de vulnerabilidad o protección afectan a grupos con riesgos específicos. Por último, los gobiernos e instituciones deberían emprender acciones de prevención y de apoyo a las mujeres e hijos/as.
Descargas
Citas
*Ahmad, F., Rai, N., Petrovic, B., Erickson, P. E., & Stewart, D. E. (2013). Resilience and resources among South Asian immigrant women as survivors of partner violence. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 15(6), 1057-1064. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-013-9836-2
*Alvi, S., Clow, K. A., & DeKeseredy, W. S. (2008). Women abuse and resilience in a sample of minority low-income women. Women’s Health & Urban Life, 7(2), 51-67. https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/16689/1/Alvi_Clow_DeKeseredy.pdf
*Anderson, K. M., Renner, L. M., & Danis, F. S. (2012). Recovery: Resilience and growth in the aftermath of domestic violence. Violence Against Women, 18(11), 1279-1299. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801212470543
Arias, E., Velasco, J., & Novo, M. (2016). Análisis bibliométrico sobre la investigación en violencia de género. Fundamentos y nuevas tendencias. In A. Andrés-Pueyo, F. Farina, M. Novo, & D. Seijo (Eds.), Avances en psicología jurídica y forense. Colección Psicología y Ley. n°13. Avances en psicología jurídica y forense. Colección Psicología y Ley (pp. 81–91). Sociedad Española de Psicología Jurídica y Forense. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2594.2807
Autor, & Autor. (2018). Protocolo contra la violencia sexual del Principado de Asturias. Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, Instituto Asturiano de la Mujer. https://iam.asturias.es/documents/269132/273392/PROTOCOLO-CONTRA-LA-VIOLENCIA-SEXUAL-PRINCIPADO-DE-ASTURIAS-2018.pdf/6cd8e4e5-ffbb-589b-7b6f-437d71331300
Autor, Y., Autor, M. A., Autor, N., Ezama, E., & Fernández, R. (2020). Salidas seguras para mujeres víctimas de violencia de género en la pareja. KrK Ediciones.
Bartone, P. T. (2007). Test-retest reliability of the Dispositional Resilience Scale-15, a brief hardiness scale. Psychological Reports, 101(3), 943-944. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.3.943-944
Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 59(1), 20-28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development. Harvard University Press.
Burke, J. G., Denison, J. A., Gielen, A. C., McDonnell, K. A., & O´Campo, P. (2004). Ending intimate partner violence: An application of the transtheoretical model. American Journal of Health Behavior, 28(2), 122-133. https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.28.2.3
Bushati, A. (2020). Exploring the labyrinths of resilience: A concept analysis. European Journal of Social Science, Education and Research, 7(2), 113-126. http://journals.euser.org/files/articles/ejser_v7_i2_20/Bushati.pdf
*Canaval, G. E., González, M. C., & Sánchez, M. O. (2007). Espiritualidad y resiliencia en mujeres maltratadas que denuncian su situación de violencia de pareja. Colombia Medica, 38(4)72-78. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1657-95342007000600008
*Canaval, G. E., González, M. C., Humphreys, J., De León, N., & González, S. (2009). Violencia de pareja y salud de las mujeres que consultan a las comisarías de familia, Cali, Colombia. Investigación y Educación en Enfermería, 27(2), 209-217. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-53072009000200006
*Cesario, S. K., Nava, A., Bianchi, A., McFarlane, J., & Maddoux, J. (2014). Functioning outcomes for abused immigrant women and their children 4 months after initiating intervention. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública-Panamerican Journal of Public Health, 35(1), 8-14. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260809531_Functioning_outcomes_of_abused_immigrant_women_and_their_children_4_months_after_initiating_intervention
Chmitorz, A., Kunzler, A., Helmreich, I., Tüscher, O, Kalisch, R., Kubiak, T., Wessa, M., & Lieb, K. (2018). Intervention studies to foster resilience-A systematic review and proposal for a resilience framework in future intervention studies. Clinical Psychology Review, 59, 78-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.11.002
*Choi, A. W. M., Liu, L. L., Chan, P. Y., Lo, R. T. F., Wong, J. Y. H., & Tang, D. H. M. (2018). The Significance of volunteer support for female survivors recovering from intimate-partner violence. British Journal of Social Work, 49(7), 1778-1797. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcy109
*Choi, A. W. M., Lo, B. C. Y., Lo, R. T. F., To, P. Y. L., & Yuen-Ha Wong, J. (2019). Intimate partner violence victimization, social support, and resilience: Effects on the anxiety levels of young mothers. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 886260519888532. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519888532
Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113
Council of Europe. (2010). Resolution 1714: Children who witness domestic violence. Council of Europe. https://assembly.coe.int/nw/xml/XRef/Xref-XML2HTML-en.asp?fileid=17826&lang=en
*Crann, S. E., & Barata, P. C. (2016). The experience of resilience for adult female survivors of intimate partner violence: A phenomenological inquiry. Violence Against Women, 22(7), 853-875. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801215612598
*Crawford, E., Liebling-Kalifani, H., & Hill, V. (2009). Women’s understanding of the effects of domestic abuse: The impact on their identity, sense of self and resilience. A grounded theory approach. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 11(2), 63-82. https://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1171&context=jiws
Crowe, A., Averett, P., & Glass, J. S. (2016). Mental illness stigma, psychological resilience, and help seeking: What are the relationships? Mental Health & Prevention, 4(2), 63-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhp.2015.12.001
Davidson, J. R., Book, S. W., Colket, J. T., Tupler, L. A., Roth, S., David, D., Hertzberg, M., Mellman, T., Beckham, J. C., Smith, R. D., Davison, R. M., Katz, R., & Feldman, M. E. (1997). Assessment of a new self-rating scale for post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychological Medicine, 27(1), 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291796004229
*Davis, R. (2002). “The strongest women”: Exploration of the inner resources of abused women. Qualitative Health Research, 12(9), 1248-1263. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732302238248
*De la Rosa, I. A., Barnett-Queen, T., Messick, M., & Gurrola, M. (2015). Spirituality and resilience among Mexican American IPV survivors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 31(20), 3332-3351. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515584351
Delegación del Gobierno contra la Violencia de Género. (2019). Estudio sobre el tiempo que tardan las mujeres víctimas de violencia de género en verbalizar su situación. Centro de Publicaciones del Ministerio de la Presidencia, Relaciones con las Cortes e Igualdad. https://violenciagenero.igualdad.gob.es/violenciaEnCifras/estudios/investigaciones/2019/pdfs/Estudio_Tiempo_Denuncia4.pdf
Domenech del Río, I., & Sirvent-García del Valle, E. (2016). Influence of intimate partner violence severity on the help-seeking strategies of female victims and the influence of social reactions to violence disclosure on the process of leaving a violent relationship. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(21-22), 4550-4571. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260516676473
*Drumm, R., Popescu, M., Cooper, L., Trecartin, S., Seifert, M., Foster, T., & Kilcher, C. (2014). “God just brought me through it”: Spiritual coping strategies for resilience among intimate partner violence survivors. Clinical Social Work Journal, 42(4), 385-394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-013-0449-y
Enander, V., & Holmberg, C. (2008). Why does she leave? The leaving process(es) of battered women. Health Care for Women International, 29(3), 200-226. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399330801913802
European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2014). Violence against Women: An EU-wide survey. Survey methodology, sample, and fieldwork. Publications Office of the European Union. https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra-2014-vaw-survey-technical-report-1_en.pdf
*Fernández-Sánchez, M., & López-Zafra, E. (2019). The voices that should be heard: A qualitative and content analysis to explore resilience and psychological health in victims of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW). Women’s Studies International Forum, 72, 80-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2018.12.005
*Fogarty, A., Woolhouse, H., Giallo, R., Wood, C., Kaufman, J., & Brown, S. (2019). Mothers’ experiences of parenting within the context of intimate partner violence: Unique challenges and resilience. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 886260519883863. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519883863
*Ford-Gilboe, M., Wuest, J., Varcoe, C., Davies, L., Merritt-Gray, M., Campbell, J., & Wilk, P. (2009). Modelling the effects of intimate partner violence and access to resources on women’s health in the early years after leaving an abusive partner. Social Science & Medicine, 68(6), 1021-1029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.01.003
Gondolf, E. W., & Fisher, E. R. (1988). Battered women as survivors: An alternative to treating learned helplessness. Lexington Books.
*Gopal, N., & Nunlall, R. (2017). Interrogating the resilience of women affected by violence. Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity, 31(2), 63-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2017.1379759
*Hajian, S., Kasaeinia, S., & Doulabi, M. A. (2018). The effect of resilience and stress coping styles on suicide attempts in females reporting spouse-related abuse. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 12(3), Article e13091. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs.13091
Herman, J. (1992). Trauma and recovery. The aftermath of violence-From domestic abuse to political terror. Basic Books.
*Herrero, J., Vivas, P., Torres, A., & Rodríguez, F. J. (2018). When violence can appear with different male partners: Identification of resilient and non-resilient women in the European Union. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00877
*Hodges, T. A., & Cabanilla, A. S. (2011). Factors that impact help-seeking among battered Black women: Application of critical and survivor theories. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 18(4), 120-125.
*Hou, W.-L., Ko, N.-Y., & Shu, B.-C. (2016). Effects of a strengths-based perspective support group among Taiwanese women who left a violent intimate partner relationship. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(3-4), 543-554. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13091
*Howell, K. H., Thurston, I. B., Schwartz, L. E., Jamison, L. E., & Hasselle, A. J. (2018). Protective factors associated with resilience in women exposed to intimate partner violence. Psychology of Violence, 8(4), 438-447. https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000147
Hu, T., Zhang, D., & Wang, J. (2015). A meta-analysis of the trait resilience and mental health. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 18-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.039
*Humphreys, J. (2003). Resilience in sheltered battered women. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 24(2), 137-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840305293
James, S. A., Hartnett, S. A., & Kalsbeek, W. D. (1983). John Henryism and blood pressure differences among black men. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 6(3), 259-278. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01315113
*Jaramillo-Vélez, D. E., Ospina-Muñoz, D. E., Cabarcas-Iglesias, G., & Humphreys, J. (2005). Resiliencia, espiritualidad, aflicción y tácticas de resolución de conflictos en mujeres maltratadas. Revista de Salud Pública, 7(3), 281-292. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0124-00642005000300004
Johnson, M. P. (2008). A typology of domestic violence: Intimate terrorism, violent resistance, and situational couple violence. Northeastern University Press.
*Jose, R., & Novaco, R. W. (2015). Intimate partner violence victims seeking a temporary restraining order: Social support and resilience attenuating psychological distress. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 31(20), 3352-3376. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515584352
Katerndahl, D. A., Burge, S. K., Ferrer, R. L., Becho, J., & Wood, R. (2019). Predictors of perceived need for actual action taking among women in violent relationships. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(16), 3344-3371. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260516669543
Koci, A. (2004). Marginality, abuse and adverse health outcomes in women (Publication No. 3123338) [Doctoral Dissertation, Emory University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Marginality, abuse and adverse health outcomes in women – ProQuest
*Kramer, N. M., Johnson, N. L., & Johnson, D. M. (2015). Is John Henryism a resilience factor in women experiencing intimate partner violence? Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 28(6), 601-616. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2014.1000879
*Kuijpers, K. F., Van der Knaap, L. M., & Winkel, F. W. (2012). Victims’ influence on intimate partner violence revictimization: An empirical test of dynamic victim-related risk factors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(9), 1716-1742. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260511430389
*Labronici, L. M. (2012). Resilience in women victims of domestic violence: A phenomenological view. Texto e Contexto Enfermagem, 21(3), 625-632. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072012000300018
Landenburger, K. (1989). A process of entrapment in and recovery from an abusive relationship. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 10(3), 209-227. https://doi.org/10.3109/01612848909140846
Langenderfer-Magruder, L., Alven, L., Wilke, D. J., & Spinelli, C. (2019). Getting everyone on the same page: Child welfare workers´collaboration challenges on cases involving intimate partner violence. Journal of Family Violence, 34, 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-018-0002-4
Lelaurain, S., Graziani, P., & Lo Monaco, G. (2017). Intimate partner violence and help-seeking. A systematic review and social psychological tracks for future research. European Psychologist, 22(4), 263-281. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000304
Leung, L., Miedema, S., Warner, X., Homan, S., & Fulu, E. (2019) Making feminism count: Integrating feminist research principles in large-scale quantitative research on violence against women and girls. Gender & Development, 27(3), 427-447. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2019.1668142
*Lévesque, S., & Chamberland, C. (2016). Resilience, violence, and early pregnancy: A qualitative study of the processes used by young mothers to overcome adversities. SAGE Open, 6(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016640851
Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., & Moher, D. (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: Explanation and elaboration. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), Article e1000100. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100
Liebenberg, L., Joubert, N., & Foucault, M. L. (2017). Understanding core resilience elements and indicators: A comprehensive review of the literature. Public Health Agency of Canada. http://lindaliebenberg.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/PHAC-Resilience-Report-Final-Version-November-2017.pdf
Liebenberg, L., Ungar, M., & Van de Vijver, F. R. R. (2012). Validation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28 (CYRM-28) among Canadian youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 22(2), 219–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731511428619
*López-Fuentes, I., & Calvete, E. (2015). Building resilience: A qualitative study of Spanish women who have suffered intimate partner violence. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 85(4), 339-351. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000070
*Machisa, M. T., Christofides, N., & Jewkes, R. (2018). Social support factors associated with psychological resilience among women survivors of intimate partner violence in Gauteng, South Africa. Global Health Action, 11(3), Article e1491114. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2018.1491114
McFarlane, J., & Parker, B. (1994). Abuse during pregnancy: A protocol for prevention and intervention. March of Dimes.
*McFarlane, J., Symes, L., Maddoux, J., Gilroy, H., & Koci, A. (2014). Is length of shelter stay and receipt of a protection order associated with less violence and better functioning for abused women? Outcome data 4 months after receiving services. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(15), 2748-2774. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260514526060
Mennicke, A., Langenderfer-Magruder, L., & MacConnie, L. (2018). “It’s tricky…”: Intimate partner violence service providers’ perspectives of assessments and referrals by child welfare workers. Journal of Family Violence, 34(1), 47-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-018-9991-2
Merritt-Gray, M., & Wuest, J. (1995). Counteracting abuse and breaking free: The process of leaving revealed through women´s voices. Health Care for Women International, 16(5), 399-412. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399339509516194
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, 151, 264-269. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Mollica, R. F., Caspi-Yavin, Y., Bollini, P., Truong, T., Tor, S., & Lavelle, J. (1992). The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Validating a cross-cultural instrument for measuring torture, trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder in Indochinese refugees. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 180(2), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199202000-00008
Moss, V. A., Pitula, C. R., Campbell, J. C., & Halstead, L. (1997). The experience of terminating an abusive relationship from an Anglo and African American perspective: A qualitative descriptive study. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 18(5), 433-454. https://doi.org/10.3109/01612849709009423
Norbeck, J. S., Lindsey, A. M., & Carrieri, V. L. (1981). The development of an instrument to measure social support. Nursing Research, 30(5), 264-269. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198109000-00003
Norbeck, J. S., Lindsey, A. M., & Carrieri, V. L. (1983). Further development of the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaires: Normative data and validity testing. Nursing Research, 32(1), 4-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198301000-00002
Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306
Raphael, J., & Tolman, R. (1997). Trapped by poverty/trapped by abuse: New evidence documenting the relationship between domestic violence and welfare. Taylor Institute.
*Roditti, M., Schultz, P., Gillette, M., & de la Rosa, I. (2010). Resiliency and social support networks in a population of Mexican American intimate partner violence survivors. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 91(3), 248-256. https://doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.4002
*Rodríguez, M. A., Heilemann, M. V., Fielder, E., Ang, A., Nevarez, F., & Mangione, C. M. (2008). Intimate partner violence, depression, and PTSD among pregnant Latina women. Annals of Family Medicine, 6(1), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.743
Rubio-Aparicio, M., Sánchez-Meca, J., Marín-Martínez, F., & López-López, J. A. (2018). Recomendaciones para el reporte de revisiones sistemáticas y meta-análisis. Anales de Psicología, 34(2), 412-420. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.34.2.320131
*Schaefer, L. M., Howell, K. H., Sheddan, H. C., Napier, T. R., Shoemaker, H. L., & Miller-Graff, L. E. (2019). The road to resilience: Strength and coping among pregnant women exposed to intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 886260519850538. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519850538
*Schultz, P., Roditti, M., & Gillette, M. (2009). Resilience, social support, and psychological disturbance in Hispanic women residing in a battered women’s shelter on the U.S./Mexico border. Hispanic Health Care International, 7(4), 224-230. https://doi.org/10.1891/1540-4153.7.4.224
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston (Eds.), Measures in health psychology: A user´s portfolio (pp. 35-37). NFER-NELSON.
*Scrafford, K. E., Grein, K., & Miller-Graff, L. E. (2019). Effects of intimate partner violence, mental health, and relational resilience on perinatal health. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 32(4), 506-515. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22414
*Shanthakumari, R. S., Chandra, P. S., Riazantseva, E., & Stewart, D. E. (2014). “Difficulties come to humans and not trees, and they need to be faced”: A study on resilience among Indian women experiencing intimate partner violence. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 60(7), 703-710. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764013513440
Sharp-Jeffs, N., Kelly, L., & Klein, R. (2018). Long journeys toward freedom: The relationship between coercive control and space for action-measurement and emerging evidence. Violence Against Women, 24(2), 163-185. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801216686199
Stainton, A., Chisholm, K., Kaiser, N., Rosen, M., Upthegrove, R., Ruhrmann, S., & Wood, S. J. (2019). Resilience as a multimodal dynamic process. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 13(4), 725-732. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12726
*Taylor, J. Y. (2004). Moving from surviving to thriving African American women recovering from intimate male partner abuse. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice: An International Journal, 18(1), 35-50. https://doi.org/10.1891/rtnp.18.1.35.28056
*Trigueiro, T. H., Labronici, L. M., Merighi, M. A. B., & Raimondo, M. L. (2014). The process of resilience in women who are victims of domestic violence: A qualitative approach. Cogitare Enfermagem, 19(3), 395-401. https://doi.org/10.5380/ce.v19i3.34726
Ungar, M. (2008). Resilience across cultures. The British Journal of Social Work, 38(2), 218-235. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcl343
Ungar, M. (2013). Resilience, Trauma, Context, and Culture. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 14(3), 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838013487805
Ungar, M. (2019). Designing resilience research: Using multiple methods to investigate risk exposure, promotive and protective processes, and contextually relevant outcomes for children and youth. Child Abuse & Neglect, 96, Article e104098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104098
Ungar, M., & Theron, L. (2019). Resilience and mental health: How multisystemic processes contribute to positive outcomes. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(5), 441-448. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30434-1
Vaishnavi, S., Connor, K., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2007). An abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the CD-RISC2: Psychometric properties and applications in psychopharmacological trials. Psychiatry Research, 152(2-3), 293-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2007.01.006
Van Schalkwyk, S., Boonzaier, F., & Gobodo-Madikizela, P. (2014). “Selves” in contradiction: Power and powerlessness in South African shelter residents´ narratives of leaving abusive heterosexual relationships. Feminism & Psychology, 24(3), 314-331. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959353513514245
Vassar, M., Atakpo, P., & Kash, M. J. (2016). Manual search approaches used by systematic reviews in dermatology. Journal of Medical Library Association, 104, 302-304. https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2016.145
Wagnild, G. M., & Young, H. M. (1993). Development and psychometric evaluation of resilience scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1(2), 165-178. https://sapibg.org/download/1054-wagnild_1993_resilience_scale_2.pdf
*Werner-Wilson, R. J., Zimmerman, T. S., & Whalen, D. (2000). Resilient response to battering. Contemporary Family Therapy, 22(2), 161-188. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007777702757
Wood, S. N., Glass, N., & Decker, M. R. (2019). An integrative review of safety strategies for women experiencing intimate partner violence in low- and middle-income countries. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 22(1), 68-82. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018823270
World Health Organization Quality of Life Group. (1998). Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychological Medicine, 28(3), 551-558. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291798006667
World Health Organization. (2013). Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and nonpartner sexual violence. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/85239/9789241564625_eng.pdf?sequence=1
World Health Organization. (2018). Health 2020 priority area four: Creating supportive environments and resilient communities. A compendium of inspirational examples. WHO Regional Office for Europe. https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/prevPromocion/promocion/desigualdadSalud/docs/resilience-sc-eng.pdf
*Zalapa, E., García, Y., & Figueroa, G. (2012). Resiliencia en mujeres morelianas separadas por violencia conyugal. Revista de Psicología (Trujillo), 14(2), 164-177. https://sisbib.unmsm.edu.pe/BVRevistas/rev_psicologia_cv/v14_2012_2/pdf/a03v14n2.pdf
Derechos de autor 2022 Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia (España)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:
1. El Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (la editorial) conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y favorece y permite la reutilización de las mismas bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2024
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada y enviada a la revista) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica. Color RoMEO: verde.
