FILTRATE EFFECTIVENESS OF FUNGI IN MAIZE FRUITS (ZEA MAYS L) ON <i>FUSARIUM MONILIFORME</i>

Abstract

The maize fruits can be carrying of some fungi as Fusarium moniliforme, producer of micotoxinas, which can be highly toxic, therefore it is necessary to control its presence on the grain. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness on this pathogen of filtrates pure of fungi stablished in maize fruits. In fruit maize samples from Lara state, Yaracuy state and Portuguesa state, was obtained the micobiota (Aspergillus niger, A. ustus, A. heterotallicus, F. moniliforme and Trichoderma sp); these fungi were cultivated in PDA and once obtained the cultures on agar disc with micelia of each fungus was transferred to the Gliotoxin and Molasses-yeast liquid media and were placed in agitation, 2 hours daily by 15 days; the separation of micelia of the fungus was made leaking with the aid of filter paper and milipore filter. The filtrates were proved in 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 dilutions against F. moniliforme. Secondary metabolites were determined. The results demonstrate significant differences when was proved with filtrates produced in the molasses-yeast media, obtaining a reduction of the micelial growth of F. moniliforme, being better A. ustus and A. niger treatments at the higher concentration, to A. heterothallicus y Trichoderma sp. the inhibition values were more stables in the three dilutions. Were detected weakly basic alkaloids, basic, quaternary ammonium salts, tannins and polifenoles in the filtrates.