Factores y Áreas de Práctica de Las Actividades de Gestión de la Seguridad del Paciente De Las Enfermeras: Una Revisión de Alcance
Resumen
Introducción: Las enfermeras desempeñan un papel central en la gestión de la seguridad del paciente; sin embargo, los factores que influyen en estas actividades y las áreas de práctica relacionadas siguen insuficientemente sintetizados.
Objetivo: Sintetizar la evidencia existente sobre los factores que influyen en las actividades de gestión de la seguridad del paciente realizadas por enfermeras e identificar áreas de práctica relacionadas en hospitales.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de alcance siguiendo el marco Población-Concepto-Contexto (PCC) y las directrices PRISMA-ScR. Se efectuó una búsqueda en ScienceDirect, ProQuest y PubMed de estudios publicados entre 2020 y 2025. Los estudios elegibles fueron seleccionados, organizados y sintetizados narrativamente.
Resultados: Se incluyeron treinta estudios. Las actividades de gestión de la seguridad del paciente estuvieron determinadas por factores internos y externos en los niveles individual, organizacional y del sistema. Las áreas identificadas incluyeron prácticas relacionadas y no relacionadas con los Objetivos Internacionales de Seguridad del Paciente (IPSG). Las áreas no IPSG surgieron principalmente en contextos especializados.
Conclusión: La gestión de la seguridad del paciente es una responsabilidad multidimensional influida por factores contextuales complejos. Comprender las áreas IPSG y no IPSG es esencial para desarrollar estrategias de seguridad adaptadas a diversos entornos hospitalarios.
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