Autoeficacia de enfermeros en la atención a pacientes en cuidados paliativos: revisión de alcance
Resumen
Introducción: El cuidado al final de la vida requiere de los enfermeros habilidades específicas, destacándose la autoeficacia, entendida como la creencia en la propia capacidad de actuar en situaciones desafiantes, influyendo en la calidad de la asistencia y permitiendo una actuación segura y compasiva en cuidados paliativos.
Objetivo: Identificar, en la literatura, cómo se ha evaluado la autoeficacia de los enfermeros en la asistencia a pacientes en cuidados paliativos y los factores asociados a ella.
Métodos: Se realizó una Revisión de Alcance, conducida conforme a la metodología del Joanna Briggs Institute y reportada según las directrices Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. La pregunta orientadora fue: “¿Cómo se evalúa la autoeficacia de los enfermeros en la prestación de asistencia a pacientes en cuidados paliativos?” La búsqueda se realizó en siete bases de datos y en la literatura gris. Dos revisores independientes realizaron la selección con la ayuda de la plataforma Rayyan, y las divergencias fueron resueltas por un tercer revisor.
Resultados: Se identificaron 2.043 estudios, de los cuales 13 compusieron la muestra final. Predominaron estudios asiáticos, de diseño transversal y enfoque cuantitativo. Se encontraron 13 escalas diferentes para la evaluación de la autoeficacia. Los factores más frecuentemente relacionados fueron el conocimiento y la formación específica en cuidados paliativos.
Implicaciones para la práctica: Comprender los factores que influyen en la autoeficacia subsidia estrategias educativas y fortalece prácticas asistenciales calificadas, seguras y humanizadas en cuidados paliativos.
Descargas
-
Resumen43
-
ESP_PDF17
-
ENG_PDF 19
Citas
1. World Health Organization. Palliative care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 [cited 2025 June 30]. Available from: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/palliative-care
2. Rodrigues LF, Silva JFM, Cabrera M. Cuidados paliativos: percurso na atenção básica no Brasil. Cad Saúde Pública. 2022 [cited 2025 June 30];38:e00130222. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311XPT130222
3. Lacerda FH, Barbosa LC. Cuidados paliativos no Brasil e no mundo. In: D’Alessandro MPS, Manual de cuidados paliativos. 2nd ed. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2023 [cited 2025 June 20]. p. 25–30. Available from: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/guias-e-manuais/2023/manual-de-cuidados-paliativos-2a-edicao/view
4. Ayala ALM, Santana CH, Landmann SG. Palliative care: knowledge of nursing team. Semin Cienc Biol Saude. 2021 [cited 2025 June 20];42(2):155–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0367.2021v42n2p155
5. Xu Y, Zhang S, Wang J, et al. Nurses’ practices and their influencing factors in palliative care. Front Public Health. 2023 [cited 2025 July 30];11:1117923. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1117923
6. DeFusco C, Lewis A, Cohn T. Improving critical care nurses’ perceived self-efficacy in providing palliative care: a quasi-experimental study. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2023 [cited 2025 July 30];40(2):117–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10499091221094313
7. Pajares F, Olaz F. Teoria social cognitiva e autoeficácia: uma visão geral. In: Teoria social cognitiva: conceitos básicos. Porto Alegre: Artmed; 2008. p. 97–114.
8. Guo J, Chen Y, Shen B, Peng W, Wang L, Dai Y. Translation and validation of the Chinese version of Palliative Care Self-Efficacy Scale. Palliat Support Care. 2024 [cited 2025 July 25];22(6):1919–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1478951524000518
9. Minosso JSM, Martins MMFPS, Oliveira MA de C. Cuidados paliativos na formação inicial em enfermagem: um estudo de métodos mistos. Rev Enferm Referência. 2022 [cited 2025 June 30];6(1):e21060. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12707/RV21060
10. Peters MD, Godfrey C, McInerney P, Munn Z, Tricco AC, Khalil H. Chapter 11: Scoping reviews. In: Aromataris E, Lockwood C, Porritt K, Pilla B, Jordan Z, editors. JBI manual for evidence synthesis. Adelaide: JBI; 2024 [cited 2025 June 10]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46658/JBIMES-24-09
11. Arksey H, O’Malley L. Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. Int J Soc Res Methodol. 2005 [cited 2025 June 10];8(1):19–32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616
12. Pfister D, Müller M, Müller S, Kern M, Rolke R, Radbruch L, et al. Validierung des Bonner Palliativwissenstests (BPW). Schmerz. 2011 [cited 2025 June 30];25(6):643–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-011-1111-7
13. Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan—A web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst Rev. 2016 [cited 2025 June 10];5(1):210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
14. Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018 [cited 2025 June 10];169(7):467–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
15. Kotula K, Dingley C, Feng D, Candela L, Lippe MP. Factors influencing the self-reported palliative care practices of acute care nurses. West J Nurs Res. 2025 [cited 2025 May 16];47(4):221–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/01939459251314699
16. Fadaei S, Azizzadeh Forouzi M, Miyashita M, Faleh AJ, Dehghan M. Palliative care knowledge and self-efficacy: a comparative study between intensive care units and general units nurses. BMC Palliat Care. 2024 [cited 2025 May 16];23(1):246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-024-01580-7
17. Kim J, Heo S, Yang J, et al. The moderating effect of attitudes in the relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy in palliative care among nurses: a cross-sectional, correlational study. PLoS One. 2023 [cited 2025 May 14];18(10):e0292135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292135
18. Choi J, Gu M, Oh S, Sok S. Relationship between end-of-life care stress, death anxiety, and self-efficacy of clinical nurses in South Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 [cited 2025 May 13];19(3):1082. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031082
19. Lin X, Li X, Bai Y, Liu Q, Xiang W. Death-coping self-efficacy and its influencing factors among Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2022 [cited 2025 May 13];17(9):e0274540. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274540
20. Yang JH, Shin G. End-of-life care mobile app for intensive-care unit nurses: a quasi-experimental study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 [cited 2025 May 13];18(3):1253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031253
21. Zheng R, Bloomer MJ, Guo Q, Lee SF. New graduate nurses’ coping with death and the relationship with death self-efficacy and death anxiety: a multicentre cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs. 2021 [cited 2025 May 16];77(2):795–804. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14621
22. Liu Q, Tao J, Gao L, et al. Attitudes of front-line nurses toward hospice care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2021 [cited 2025 May 16];38(2):204–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909120968533
23. Kim JS, Kim J, Gelegjamts D. Knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy towards palliative care among nurses in Mongolia: a cross-sectional descriptive study. PLoS One. 2020 [cited 2025 May 13];15(7):e0236390. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236390
24. Dehghani F, Barkhordari-Sharifabad M, Sedaghati-Kasbakhi M, Fallahzadeh H. Effect of palliative care training on perceived self-efficacy of the nurses. BMC Palliat Care. 2020 [cited 2025 May 13];19(1):63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-020-00567-4
25. Scheinberg-Andrews C, Ganz F. Israeli nurses’ palliative care knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and practices. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2020 [cited 2025 May 13];47(2):213–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1188/20.ONF.213-221
26. Kurnia TA, Trisyani Y, Prawesti A. The relationship between nurses’ perceptions and self-efficacy in implementing palliative care in the intensive care unit. Belitung Nurs J. 2019 [cited 2025 May 13];5(1):41–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.607
27. Spineli VMCD. Conhecimento e autoeficácia em cuidados paliativos dos enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde [thesis]. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo; 2019 [cited 2025 May 14]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/T.7.2020.tde-11122019-165525
28. Paiva CF, Santos TCF, Costa LDMC, Almeida Filho AJD. Trajetória dos cuidados paliativos no mundo e no Brasil. In: Potencial interdisciplinar da enfermagem: histórias para refletir sobre o tempo presente. Brasília: Editora ABEn; 2022 [cited 2025 May 14]. p. 41–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51234/aben.22.e09.c04
29. Cintra PR, Silva MDPD, Furnival AC. Uso do inglês como estratégia de internacionalização da produção científica em Ciências Sociais Aplicadas: estudo de caso na SciELO Brasil. Em Questão. 2020 [cited 2025 June 13];26(1):17–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19132/1808-5245261.17-41
30. Tripodoro VA, Di Gennaro MS, Fila J, Veloso VI, Quiroga C, Martínez CL. Lessons learned from self-efficacy of healthcare professionals for advance care planning. Palliat Med Pract. 2023 [cited 2025 June 30]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/PMPI.a2023.0024
31. Libardi EC, Luiz AB, Gutierrez BAO. Bonn Palliative Care Knowledge Test validity for primary health care professionals. Texto Contexto Enferm. 2024 [cited 2025 July 30];33:e20230408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2023-0408en
32. Desbiens JF, Fillion L. Development of the Palliative Care Nursing Self-competence Scale. J Hosp Palliat Nurs. 2011 [cited 2025 July 25];13(4):230–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/NJH.0b013e318213d300
33. Granat L, Andersson S, Åberg D, Hadziabdic E, Sandgren A. Evaluation of the Swedish Self-Efficacy in Palliative Care Scale and exploration of nurses’ and physicians’ self-efficacy in Swedish hospitals: a cross-sectional study. Scand J Caring Sci. 2024 [cited 2025 July 30];38(3):568–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.13244
34. Bandura A. Self-efficacy: the exercise of control. New York: Worth Publishers; 1997.
35. Briese PM. Factors associated with new hospital nurses’ self-efficacy in providing palliative end-of-life care [master’s thesis]. Grand Forks (ND): University of North Dakota; 2022 [cited 2025 June 11]. Available from: https://commons.und.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5328&context=theses
36. Souza YR, Pereira MMF, Santos RRQD, et al. Knowledge and practice of nurses about palliative care in hospitalization: cross-sectional study. Rev Enferm UFPE on line. 2023 [cited 2025 June 1];17(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963.2023.253863
37. Oliveira R, Begnami A, Bueno Terzi Coelho C. Knowledge and self-efficiency in palliative care: are Brazilian medicine students prepared for it? Saúde Coletiva (Barueri). 2023 [cited 2025 June 10];13(87):12897–915. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36489/saudecoletiva.2023v13i87p12897-12915
38. Santos LLD, Bastos RA, Hummel C, et al. Undergraduate palliative care education in Brazil: a qualitative study on the challenges for clinical teachers. BMJ Open. 2025 [cited 2025 June 9];15:e086496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086496
39. Mendes PB, Pereira ADA, Barros IDC. Bioethics and palliative care in medical school: a curriculum proposal. Rev Bioét. 2021 [cited 2025 July 10];29(3):534–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-80422021293489
40. Raoofi N, Raoofi S, Jalali R, Abdi A, Salari N. The worldwide investigating nurses’ attitudes towards do-not-resuscitate order: a review. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 2021 [cited 2025 July 11];16(1):5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13010-021-00103-z
41. Chen L, Li XH, Pan X, et al. Nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to practice hospice care: an analysis of influencing factors. PLoS One. 2022 [cited 2025 July 11];17(2):e0259647. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259647
Derechos de autor 2026 Enfermería Global
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:
1. El Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (la editorial) conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y favorece y permite la reutilización de las mismas bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2018
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 España (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada y enviada a la revista) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica. Color RoMEO: verde.
