TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON MUSCLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEA BASS, Dicentrarchus labrax L.
Abstract
This revision presents the main results on sea bass, related with termal effects on both larval development and muscle growth throughout the different phases of its biological cycle. During the initial phases, high temperature accelerates the larval development, whereas the growth of both body and total myotome is not always greater at higher T at the end of each developmental stage. During the vitelline phase, the growth is mainly due to hypertrophy, being this parameter more infl uenced by T than the hyperplasia. From exogenous feeding, both hypertrophy and hyperplasia increase. Both parameters are infl uenced by high T, although hyperplasia is usually more signifi cantly infl uenced. At the end of each stage (vitelline phase and larval metamorphosis), sea bass shows intraspecific differences on the response to T. Such differences are represented by a different relative contribution on hypertrophy and hyperplasia to the total transverse area of the myotome, that can be associated to genetic differences. On the other hand, the application of high T during initial phases shows a positive effect on muscle growth during subsequent larval and postlarval stages. However, the positive effect of the early temperature on the postlarval muscle growth is progressively reduced due to the increase of the environmental T during the summer months. In this period, muscle growth of fi ngerlings (15g) reared at ambient T is very high, so that at the end of the summer fi sh show a similar number and size of muscle fi bres that specimens previously reared at high T. On the other hand, water heating during winter months increases hyperplasic muscle growth of sea bass postlarvae, although muscle cellularity at the end of the second summer (≈ 350g) was similar in both preheated and nonpreheated fish.Downloads
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