PATHOTYPES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI DETECTED IN MEAT SAMPLES THROUGH A HEALTH SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMME OF THE REGIONAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT OF THE REGION OF MURCIA
Supporting Agencies
- Consejería de Salud de la CARM, Murcia (España)
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a microorganism with a wide capacity to survive in different environments and ecosystems. However, its appearance in food is indicative of contamination, and some types of this bacteria are potentially harmful to human health. The objective of this work was to study the presence of certain pathotypes of E. coli, considered a risk for the human population: STEC, EAEC and AIEC. For this purpose, meat samples from establishments and slaughterhouses in the Region of Murcia were analysed. The samples came from different animal origins (poultry, pigs, sheep, cattle or goats), and could be either fresh or processed. Samples were cultivated to isolate E. coli colonies, and DNA was subsequently extracted from them. This DNA was analysed for the presence of genes associated with the pathotypes under study using the PCR technique. Results showed that 86.3 % of meat samples examined revealed the presence of E. coli, out of which 15.2 % were found to be positive for virulence genes. The most frequent pathotype was AIEC (66.6 %), followed by STEC (40.4 %) and EAEC (2.4 %). While all animal origins tested positive for any of the pathotypes, samples of porcine origin reported the highest number of cases. Although the overall percentages are not particularly high (AIEC 8.7 %, EAEC 5.3 % and STEC 0.3 %), the results demonstrate the occurrence of these virulence genes both in samples collected directly at the slaughterhouse and in processed meat products distributed in the Region of Murcia. Thus, our results highlight the importance of establishing surveillance programmes to detect emerging or re-emerging pathogens, such as pathogenic E. coli pathotypes, to prevent the occurrence of foodborne toxin infections.
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