Presunta parálisis periódica hipercalémica con miotonía en perros Shi-Tzú y Pastor Alemán

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesvet.361411
Palabras clave: Perros, neurología, Canalopatías de Músculo Esquelético, Perros; Neurología; Canalopatías de Músculo Esquelético; Parálisis Periódica Hipercalémica; Miotonía/Paramiotonía., Miotonía/Paramiotonía

Resumen

En los humanos, las canalopatías del músculo esquelético son entidades de base genética y de incidencia muy baja. En relación al canal de sodio en particular, las diferentes mutaciones SCN4A pueden dar lugar a diversos fenotipos que van desde la parálisis muscular (parálisis periódica hipercalémica, parálisis periódica hipocalémica) a la hiperexcitabilidad muscular (paramiotonía congénita, miotonías agravadas por potasio), pasando por fenotipos combinados de las dos anteriores. Existe una estrecha interrelación entre la parálisis periódica hipercalémica y las miotonías; ambas características pueden coexistir en el mismo paciente.
Este trabajo describe un cuadro clínico que afectó a una camada de 7 cachorros Pastor Alemán y a una camada de 4 cachorros Shi-Tzú, con episodios caracterizados por un fenotipo clínico de parálisis muscular combinado con hiperexcitabilidad muscular.
De acuerdo a los hallazgos clínicos (fenomenología clínica, edad de aparición, recurrencia de los episodios, ausencia de signos clínicos entre los episodios) y de laboratorio (hipercalemia), y a los resultados del tratamiento con acetazolamida, el diagnóstico presuntivo fue parálisis periódica hipercalémica con miotonía/paramiotonía por una canalopatía SCN4A.
Destacamos la importancia del diagnóstico clínico para estas raras patologías. En ausencia de diagnóstico genético, los métodos de diagnóstico complementario tiene valor limitado debido al carácter funcional de estos trastornos.
Proponemos esta comunicación como la primera de este tipo en perros de raza Pastor Alemán y Shi-Tzú.

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Publicado
16-12-2020
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Pellegrino, F. C. (2020). Presunta parálisis periódica hipercalémica con miotonía en perros Shi-Tzú y Pastor Alemán. Anales de Veterinaria de Murcia, 34, 49–65. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesvet.361411
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